Index Abhidharma, 143 atonement theory/soteriology (how Jesus’ Abraham, 13, 85 death saved humanity), 54 Abu Talib, 10 Augustine, 57–8, 69, 81 Acts of the Apostles, 47 aum (om) shanti (silence, tranquility of Afghanistan, 21, 35, 219 mind, listening to inner voice, etc.), 180 ‘afw (forgiveness), 41 Ayoub, Mahmoud M., 11, 18–19 ahimsa (nonviolence), 180–2 Aztecs, 110 Ali, Abdullah Yusuf, 17 Alvarado, Pedro, 59 ba (hegemony), 126 American Indian veterans of the US war Babylonian Talmud, 83–4, 89, 93–4 against Vietnam, 212 baoli (violence), 123 American Israel Public Affairs Committee, 100 Bar Kosiba, Simon, 93, 105 American Jewish Committee, 101 Beatitudes, 51, 69 Anabaptists, 61 Bell, Daniel, 124 Analects, 112–14, 124 Bhagavad Gita (Gita), 14, 178, 181–2, 203 Anandavan, 190–91 bhakti (personal devotion), 180 anthropocentrism, 215–17 Bhave, Vinoba, 174, 194 Anti-Defamation League, 99 Bible, 2, 14–15, 84, 87, 90–1, 143, 149, 188, anti-semitism, 63 194, 217 Arab nationalism, 45 Bodhisattva, 143, 147–50, 153 Arab Spring, 21 Bonney, Richard, 15, 23 Arab-Israeli Wars, 96–7 Brahman (ultimate reality), 4, 154, 179, 198 Ariaratne, A. T., 158, 174 Brahmins, 173, 179, 184 Arjuna, 179, 181–3, 200 Buber, Martin, 89 Art of Living Foundation, 191 Buddha, 78, 80, 135–6, 143, 145, 147–8, Ashrams: communities practicing yoga 154–5, 157, 173–4, 185, 188, and serviceCOPYRIGHTED to others, 190 Buddhism MATERIAL forms: Asita, 135 Theravada, 142–4, 148, 152, 156 Athavale, Pandurang Shastri, 194 Mahayana, 76, 142, 136, 143–4, 147–8, atman (soul), 179, 198, 203–4 150, 152, 157, 160–3, 168 Peacemaking and the Challenge of Violence in World Religions, First Edition. Edited by Irfan A. Omar and Michael K. Duffey. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 0002267873.indd 236 3/6/2015 2:12:09 PM Index 237 Vajrayana, 76, 136, 143–4, 148, 150, creation, 12–13, 22, 32, 65, 76, 80, 90, 92, 152–3, 156–7, 160–3, 98–9, 210, 217 Shambhala, 135–7, 144, 148–52, 160–1, Cree, 211 163–4 Crusades, 54, 58–59, 65, 81, 95, 107 Buddhist Peace Fellowship, 159 Cultural Revolution, 113 Burkholder, Richard, 18 Cyprian, 55–6 Caesar Augustus, 51 dagnang (pure vision), 148 Cakkavatti-sihanada sutta, 154 Dai Wang, 126 Cambodia and Khmer Rouge, 78, 143, Dalai Lama, 160 158, 162 Daniel, Book of, 92 caste system, 173–4, 179, 184–5, 190 Dao, see Tao Catholic Worker Movement, 63 Daoism, see Taoism Catholicism, Catholics, 1, 60–1, 63, dar al-harb (non-Muslim hostile state), 18 ceremony / ceremonial, 111, 137, 176–7, dar al-Islam (Muslim state), 18 209, 213–5, 218–20, 228–9, 230–1 Dark Ages, 58, 149, 194 cetana (intention), 156 Daxue (The Book of Great Learning), chakravartin (world ruler), 135 112–3, 118 Chakravartin, 151 Day, Dorothy and Peter Maurin, 62–3 Challenge of Peace (Letter of the U.S. Dayananda, Swami, 193 Catholic Bishops), 65 Dean, Herbert, 58 Chavez, Cesar, 64 Deloria Jr., Vine, 175, 216–7 Cherokee, 212, 219, 291 Deuteronomy (Book of), 83, 90–1, Chilton, Bruce, 6, 9–11 139–41 Chipko movement, 190 Dhammapada (Sayings of the Buddha), Chosen people, 90–2, 208 142–4, 147, 150–1, 174 Christian Peacemaking Teams, 3, 67, 69, dharma, (duty), 4, 155, 157, 183, 195 75, 216 dharna (nonviolent sit-in), 185 Christianity, establishment of, 57 dukkha (suffering), 78, 143 Church of the Brethren, 61, 67 Civil Rights Act (U.S.), 64 Easwaran, Eknath, 27, 41–3 Civilita Cattolica, 65 Egypt, Egyptians, 52, 59, 81, 85, 91, 96 Clan, 120–1, 129, 130, 163, 209–10 El Fadl, Khalid Abou, 16, 25 colonialist historical rhetoric, 210–11 Engineer, Asghar Ali, 20 Community for Mindful Living, 159 Episcopal Church, Episcopalians 67, 75, compassion, 136–7, 147–8, 152, 157, 211 159–62, 234 Erasmus, Desiderius, 60 conscientious objection to war, 63–4, 100 eschatology, 208 Constantine, 57–8, 69, 77 Esposito, John L., 12, 15 Constantinople, 48, 57 Eucharist, 52, 65 contemplation, contemplative practices, 70, euro-christian oppositional/manichaean 75–6, 78, 162, 193–4 dualism, 209–10 Corrigan, Mairead and Betty Williams, 66 euro-christian/Gandhian culture, 215–6 cosmic balance / wholistic harmony, 5, 177, euro-formed misconceptions of Indian 206–10, 215–6, 218 people, 210–11 Covenant, 49–50, 52, 54, 56, 84–6, 90, 92, European Jews for a Just Peace, 100 119, 226 evangelism, 207 0002267873.indd 237 3/6/2015 2:12:09 PM 238 Index Exodus, Book of, 83, 88, 93 Heschel, Abraham Joshua, 89 extremism, extremists, 16, 19, 24, 41, 43 Hindu deities: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Ezra, Book of, 85–86 179–80 Holm, Tom, 206, 212 Fei, John, and Liu, T., 121–2 Holocaust, 63, 95, 109 Feudalistic philosophy, 113 Holy Land, 58 Fewsmith, Joseph, 120 Holy Spirit, 48–9 Five Pillars (Islam), 12 holy war, 16, 18 Five relationships (Confucianism), 115, 119 hunka (earth folk), 209 Four Noble Truths (Buddhism), 78, 146, 158 Franciscans, Third Order Franciscans, 59 Ignatius of Loyola, 60 fundamentalism, 2, 14 Imam (Muslim religious leader), 25 futuhat (conquests), 41 In Defense of Creation, (Letter of U.S. Methodist Bishops), 65 Gabriel (Archangel), 10–11 Incas, 110 Galilee, 93 Indian Relief Act (1914), 186 Gandhi, Mohandas K., 5, 27–8, 56, 64, 66, Indian Reorganization Act (1934), 176 69, 174, 185–6, 204, 215–6 indigenous peoples, 5, 59–60, 68, 110, 206ff Genesis (Book of), 83, 88, 217 Inner sage, outer king, 4, 114, 121, 129, 136 Gentiles, 47, 49, 68, 95 Interfaith Order of Interbeing, 159 ghazwat (armed encounters), 19 International Fellowship of Reconciliation, 62 Ghosananda, Maha, 78, 143, 150, 158 International Network of Engaged Ghosh, Aurobindo, 194 Buddhists, 158 Glassman, Bernard, 159 Iraq, 21, 35, 65, 84 Golden Rule, 202, 205 Iroquois, 217 Good Samaritan, 68 Isaiah, Book of, 49–50, 88, 90, 92, 107–8 Great Hall of the People, 122 Israel, 6, 45, 49–51, 83–102, 107–8, 109, Green Corn Dance, Sun Dance, 176, 218 139–41 Guatemalan Mayas, 59, 68 Israel: Northern Kingdom, 85, 91 guru (spiritual teacher), 180 Israelite prophets, 51 Gutierrez, Gustavo, 68 Israelites, 49 Israel-Palestine conflict, 4, 102, 107 Hadith, 9, 11–12, 20, 22–3, 44 Haggai, Book of, 88 J Street, 100 Han dynasty, 112–3 Jaegerstaetter, Franz, 63 harb (defensive war), 16–18 jahada (personal spiritual effort), 15, 17 harijan (outcaste), 196 Jainism, 7, 64, 203 Harris, Rabia Terri, 17, 26, 31–3 Jana Satyagraha Movement, 191–2 Hasidic Jews, 89 Jeremiah, Book of, 49, 88 Hays, Richard, 54, 69 Jerusalem Temple, 49, 85–8, 92–4 he (mutual responsiveness to sound), 116 Jerusalem, 49, 51, 59, 86–8, 92–95 Heaven’s Mandate, 116, 126 Jesus, 12–13, 15, 48–52, 54–8, 67–9, 80, Hebrew Scriptures, 83–8, 90–3, 97–8 188, 195, 200, 211 hegemon, 119, 126, 136, 139 Jewish denominations, 89 Heine, Bernd, 16 Jewish diaspora, 99–100, 105 heping (peace, harmony-levelness), 117–8 Jewish Federation of North America, 101 heresy, 57 Jewish Peace Fellowship, 100 0002267873.indd 238 3/6/2015 2:12:09 PM Index 239 Jewish prophets, 86 Khudai Khidmatgars (Servants of God), 27 Jewish Voices for Peace, 100 Kierman, Frank, and John K. Fairbanks, 120 Jihad, 9, 11, 15–17 killing of animals, 184 jihad al-akbar (greater jihad: striving King Ashoka, 77, 155, 173 against selfishness), 18 King Cyrus II, 86 jihad al-asghar (lesser jihad: may include King David, 49–51 defensive armed striving), 18 King Josiah, 91, 140 Jihad as nonviolent struggle (activism King Solomon, 49, 51, 94 for peace and justice), 28, 33 King Tang, 120, 126 Jihad of the pen, (scholar’s or journalist’s King Wen, 124 struggle to speak truth to power), 31, King Wu, 123, 125–6, 33–4 King, Jr., Martin Luther, 64, 69 Jihad of the sword (soldier’s struggle in Kingdom of God, 49–50, 64, 69 battlefield), 34 Kings, Book of, 85, 88 jihadists (media reference to Muslim Kishtainy, Khalid, 29 terrorists), 16, 35 Al-Kitab al-Muqaddas (Bible in Arabic), 15 Joshua, Book of, 85 Korir, Cornelius, 65 Judah: Southern Kingdom, 85–6, 91–2, 105 Kosselleck, Reinhart, 110 Judges, Book of, 85, 88 Julian of Norwich, 76 la ‘unf (nonviolence), 22, 32–3, 41 junzi (gentleman), 114, 134 La Flesche, Francis, 211, 213 just war, 60, 183 Lakota, 212, 216 in Christianity, 57–8, 60, 64–5, 69 Las Casas, Bartolome de, 59–60 in Confucianism, 42, 124, 127 Last Supper/Lord’s Supper, 50, 52 in Islam 3, 17–18, 81 Lawrence, Bruce, 21 justified vengeance as a form of punitive Lerner, Michael, 99, 108 expedition, 125 lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT), Justin Martyr, 55 122 Liberation Theology, 65 Ka‘ba, 30 Light of Asia, 187 Kabbalah, 84, 89 Liji (Book of Rites), 112, 117–8, 129 Kadayifci-Orellana and S. Ayse, 26 Little Thunder, 212 Kali, 174, 204 Lord Krishna, 178, 181–2, 199, 203, Kaltner, John, 12 Luther, Martin, 60–1 Karaniyametta sutta, 153 karma (action), 179–80, 229 ma‘ruf, (the good), 25 -karma, karmic law, (chain of cause and Mahabharata, 178, 180–2, 184, 203 effect), 145, 147 Maharishi, Sri Ramana, 193 karuna (compassion), 145, 147 Mahayana, see Buddhism forms Keating, Thomas, 75–6 Maimonides, Moses, 84, 95 Kelsay, John, 57 manichaean dualism vs. Indian reciprocal Keystone XL pipeline, 219 dualism, 217 Khadijah (wife of Muhammad), 10 Mann, Barbara, 210 Khan, Abdul Ghaffar, 27 Martin of Tours, 56 Khan, Maulana Wahiduddin, 26, 29–30 martyr, 21, 43, 95 Khmer Rouge (Cambodia), see Cambodia Marxism-Leninism, 113 and Khmer Rouge Mary of Magdala, 68 0002267873.indd 239 3/6/2015 2:12:10 PM 240 Index Mary, Mother of Jesus, 13, 48–9, 68, 80 Pace e Bene, 67 May Fourth Movement, 113, 122 pacifism, 34, 56–7, 62–3, 92–5, 100, 107, Maya, 110 122, 154 Mencius, 112, 116–7, 124–9, 227 Page, Wade Michael, 233 Mennonites, 3, 61, 67, 69 Pakistan, 1, 187, 219 Merton,