A Thesis Entitled SYNTHETIC STUDIES IN OXYGEN HETEROCYCLES Submitted to Goa University for the Award of the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In CHEMISTRY By Ms. MAYURI MADHUKER NAIK M. Sc. Under the Guidance of PROF. VIJAYENDRA P. KAMAT Department of Chemistry and PROF. SANTOSH G. TILVE Department of Chemistry GOA UNIVERSITY Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403 206 INDIA APRIL 2018 A Thesis Entitled SYNTHETIC STUDIES IN OXYGEN HETEROCYCLES Submitted to Goa University for the Award of the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In CHEMISTRY By Ms. MAYURI MADHUKER NAIK M. Sc. Under the Guidance of PROF. VIJAYENDRA P. KAMAT Department of Chemistry and PROF. SANTOSH G. TILVE Department of Chemistry GOA UNIVERSITY Taleigao Plateau, Goa 403 206 INDIA APRIL 2018 DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitled, “ Synthetic Studies in Oxygen Heterocycles ” submitted by Ms. MAYURI MADHUKER NAIK , is a record of research work carried out by the candidate during the period of study under our supervision and that it has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree or diploma or other similar titles. Goa University Prof. Vijayendra P. Kamat Prof. Santosh G. Tilve April 2018 Research Guide Research Guide Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Goa University Goa University DECLARATION I hereby declare that the work embodied in the thesis entitled “ Synthetic Studies in Oxygen Heterocycles ” is the result of investigations carried out by me under the guidance of PROF. VIJAYENDRA P. KAMAT and PROF. SANTOSH G. TILVE at Department of Chemistry, Goa University and that it has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree or diploma or other similar titles. In keeping with the general practice of reporting scientific observations, due acknowledgement has been made wherever the work described is based on the findings of other investigators. Goa University Ms. Mayuri M. Naik April 2018 Ph. D. Student Department of Chemistry Goa University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Ph. D. is a degree for which to achieve one has to go through several barriers in life. Also it cannot be complete without the direct or indirect help and support from various people. So, at the final stage of my Ph. D. course I would like to take the opportunity to thank all the people who helped me at different stages and without whom it would have not been possible to complete the thesis. At the outset I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to both my supervisors Prof. V. P. Kamat (former registrar, Goa University) and Prof. S. G. Tilve (former Head, Department of Chemistry, Goa University) for considering me and giving an opportunity to work as a research student under their valuable guidance. Their constant support, encouragement and useful suggestions helped me to work in right direction and inculcated broad research thinking. I really appreciate their immense knowledge, patience and the freedom given to me to do research work as well as to write research articles which helped me to develop myself throughout this period. I will be always grateful to them. The role played by Prof. S. G. Tilve in my research career cannot be expressed in words. He has always been a supportive guide through his valuable guidance, suggestions, motivation and unique ideas throughout the Ph. D. course. I would like to sincerely thank Prof. Varun Sahni (Vice-chancellor, Goa University), Prof. Y. V. Reddy (Registrar, Goa University), Prof. S. Shetye (former Vice-chancellor, Goa University) and Prof. V. P. Kamat (former Registrar, Goa University) for their valuable support by allowing me to carry out my research work in this institute. I would also like to express my kind gratitude to Prof. B. R. Srinivasan (Head, Department of Chemistry, Goa University), Prof. Gourish M. Naik (Dean, Natural Sciences, Goa University), Prof. J. A. E. Desa and Prof. A. V. Salkar (Former Deans) for providing necessary facilities for my research work. I sincerely acknowledge my subject experts, Dr. Jayant Umarye (Head, R & D, Godrej Agrovet Ltd., Mumbai & former group leader, Syngenta Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Goa) and Dr. Sandesh Bugde (Assistant Professor in Chemistry, Parvatibai Chowgule college of Arts and Science) for providing the much needed insights into my subject. I also acknowledge Prof. V. S. Nadkarni and Prof. B. R. Srinivasan for their expert advice whenever required. I would like to deeply acknowledge Human Resource Development Group-Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (HRDG -CSIR) , New Delhi for providing me financial assistance through NET - Junior and Senior Research Fellowships for 5 years. I express my sincere gratitude towards all my teachers Prof. K. S. Rane, Prof. J. B. Fernandes, Prof. S. P. Kamat, Prof. S. G. Tilve, Prof. V. P. Kamat, Prof. A. V. Salkar, Prof. B. R. Srinivasan , Prof. V. S. Nadkarni , Dr. V. M. S. Verenkar , Dr. R. N. Shirsat , Dr. S. N. Dhuri and Mrs. Siddhali Rajadhyaksha for their valuable teaching and motivational talks from which I could learn a lot. Also, I thank the present faculty members Dr. Mahesh Majik , Dr. Kanchanmala , Dr. Kashinath , Dr. Pranay , Dr. Bhanudas , Dr. Prachi and Dr. Sonia for their help and goodwill. I also thank former faculty Dr. Gururaja for his helpful discussions on NMR spectra. I also thank Dr. J. K. Kirtany and Dr. Lisette Dsouza for their valuable suggestions during my Ph. D. course. I also express thanks to my B. Sc. Chemistry teachers Dr. Beena Vernekar and Mrs. Jaqueline Fernandes for their teaching method, encouragement and developing interest in chemistry. I am also thankful to Dr. Gopakumar (Librarian, Goa University) for his assistance in the plagiarism check of thesis. I also acknowledge the staff members of Library and administrative members Goa University for being kind and helpful. I also thank all the non- teaching staff, Department of Chemistry, Goa University for helping at numerous times. I am thankful to Prof. Sanjeev Ghadi (Department of Biotechnology, Goa University) and Dr. Surya Nandan Meena for performing anti-diabetic studies of my samples. I acknowledge Indian Institute of Science (IISc) , Bangalore and Syngenta Biosciences Pvt., Ltd. , Goa for providing the HRMS facility. I also thank Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility-Indian Institute of Technology (SAIF-IIT) , Bombay for providing ICP-MS data. I immensely thank my seniors Dr. Kashinath , Dr. Sandesh and Dr. Prachi for helping me and providing tremendous support in all the possible ways at difficult times during this course. I also appreciate their funny acts, joyful moments, fruitful research discussions and motivational talks which helped me to enjoy as well as boost up my research work. I also express my sincere thanks to all my group members Dr. Mahesh, Dr. Rupesh, Dr. Prakash, Dr. Reshma, Dr. Sonia, Dr. Prachi, Dr. Chinmay , Dr. Hari , Dr. Sagar , Dr. Prajesh , Durga and Pratibha for their constant help, encouragement, valuable discussions, suggestions and enjoyable moments. I cannot express in words the knowledge I gained and things I learnt from my group members for which I will always be grateful to them. I also acknowledge my junior group members Ketan, Shashank and Lima for pleasing working environment and Dr. Sumit for fruitful discussion. I thank Dr. Santosh Shetgaonkar , Dr. Mahesh Majik , Dr. Amit Vernekar , Dipesh Harmalkar and Dr. Siddhi for providing the required references. Also, I am thankful to Dr. Santosh for helping me in providing LCMS data of some of my samples. I also offer my thanks to Dr. Chinmay , Dr. Kashinath , Dr. Sandesh , Dr. Hari , Dr. Prajesh and Dr. Sagar for providing great help by recording NMR spectra of my samples in the beginning of my research work. I am greatful to Dr. Kashinath , Dr. Prachi , Durga , Dr. Sandesh and Ashwini for helping me in editing my thesis. I would like to extend my thanks to all my senior and present colleagues Dr. Vidhya , Dr. Nitya , Dr. Rajesh , Dr. Shrikant , Dr. Lactina , Dr. Vinod , Dr. Priyanka , Dr. Savia , Dr. Sulaksha , Dr. Jose , Dr. Satish , Dr. Rohan , Dr. Umesh , Dr. Kiran , Dr. Mithil , Rita , Savita , Dr. Diptesh , Dattaprasad , Satu , Shambhu , Dr. Madhavi , Mira , Kedar , Vishal , Abhijeet , Daniel , Dr. Celia , Pratik , Apurva , Prajyoti , Chandan , Sarvesh , Madhavi , Johnross , Vishnu , Sudarshana , Pooja , Neha , Sudesh , Rahul and Amarja for making days enjoyable at university. Also, I thank my friends Roma , Samrudhi , Belinda , Sejal , Bindiya , Harshada , Pratiksha , Poonam , Nitesh , Madhukar , Manjunath , Dr. Dinesh , Anupa , Palmira , Shilpa , Sonam , Neclin , Mahesh , Santosh , Dr. Kiran and Dr. Pradnyesh for their warm friendship. I am also very thankful to Dr. V. J. Pissurlekar (The principal, P. E. S’s. R. S. N. college of arts and science), Dr. Anita S. Tilve (M. Sc. co-ordinator) and all my colleagues of chemistry department for their support during my working period. Also I am very much thankful to Dr. Nandkumar N. Sawant (The principal, Parvatibai Chowgule college of arts and science) and all my senior colleagues of chemistry department from the presently working college for their help and support. I am deeply thankful to my father late Mr. Madhuker M. Naik for raising me with love, affection, good moral values and constant encouragement for higher studies. Also my mother Mrs. Madhavi M. Naik enabled me to study further by her extreme hard work, motivation, freedom and I thank her for always being a pillar of support. I am at loss of words to express their love and support offered to me for which I will be always grateful to them. Without them I would not have been able to reach at this stage of my career. The funny acts of my elder brother Mandar helped me to overcome the tensions and he also encouraged to work hard with his kind words. Also I thank my other family members from the bottom of my heart for constantly encouraging me and providing love, care and support throughout my life.