5 AMERICA AEROSPACE May 2012 MAY 2012 MAY Human space exploration A GLOBAL QUEST Snaring a piece of the sky Hypersonic transport…30 years and holding A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS STRATEGY for SUCCESS In today’s dynamic business environment, effective outreach and customer interface are vital to successfully capturing new partnership opportunities. If your company is looking for a mechanism to heighten visibility, expand networking capabilities among industry leaders, and demonstrate your unique value to thousands of aerospace professionals, AIAA’s sponsorship program can help to achieve your objectives. Our array of customized sponsorship packages include: • Lead/Shared/Tiered Sponsorship Options • Welcome or VIP Receptions • Unique Off-Site Activities and/or Receptions • Keynote Speaking Forums • Scheduled Networking Breaks • Cyber Café Lounge • Attendee Giveaways (bags, lanyards, USB sticks, pens, pads, and programs) Whether you are looking to build new relationships within the aerospace community, or strengthen your brand image as a major industry contender, an AIAA sponsorship will provide global marketing and access to key industry, government, and academia contacts that matter most to your organization. For more information on sponsorship opportunities with AIAA, contact Cecilia Capece, AIAA Sponsorship Program Manager, at 703.264.7570 or [email protected]. 11-0623 May 2012 Page 3 DEPARTMENTS Page 10 EDITORIAL 3 Getting there together. INTERNATIONAL BEAT 4 F-35 shows ups and downs of international partnerships. WASHINGTON WATCH 10 Agreeing to agree on nothing. Page 22 CONVERSATIONS 14 With Martin C. Faga. THE VIEW FROM HERE 18 Snaring a piece of the sky. Page 18 AIRCRAFT UPDATE 22 Jetliner demand: The changing landscape. SPACE UPDATE 26 Soyuz and Long March set the pace. OUT OF THE PAST 46 CAREER OPPORTUNITIES 48 FEATURES HUMAN SPACE EXPLORATION: A GLOBAL QUEST 32 The next step in human space exploration will be too complex and costly to achieve without international cooperation. by Leonard David HYPERSONIC TRANSPORT…30 YEARS AND HOLDING? 40 Making hypersonic transportation a practical reality has proved elusive for decades, but the goal is alive and well. Page 26 by Mark Williamson BULLETIN AIAA Meeting Schedule B2 AIAA Courses and Training Program B4 AIAA News B5 Page 40 Meetings Programs B16 Call for Papers B25 COVER With budgets shrinking around the world , the best hope for expanding our exploration of space may be through widespread international cooperation. Turn to page 40 for more information. Image courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech. Aerospace America (ISSN 0740-722X) is published monthly, except August, by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. at 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, Va. 20191-4344 [703/264-7500]. Subscription rate is 50% of dues for AIAA members (and is not deductible therefrom). Nonmember subscription price: U.S. and Canada, $163, foreign, $200. Single copies $20 each. Postmaster: Send address changes and subscription orders to address above, attention AIAA Customer Service, 703/264-7500. Periodical postage paid at Herndon, VA, and at additional mailing offices. Copyright © 2012 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., all rights reserved. The name Aerospace America is registered by the AIAA in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 40,000 copies of this issue printed. This is Volume 50, No. 5. AIAA Continuing Education Home Study Courses Self-Paced Courses in the Convenience of Your Home or Office 1 July – 31 December 2012 Registration is now open for the following AIAA Continuing Education Home Study Courses Important Deadlines: Advance Registration: 1 June 2012 • Regular Registration: 1 July 2012 Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics Computational Fluid Turbulence Fundamentals of Aircraft Performance and Design Advance Registration Regular Registration Advance Registration Regular Registration Advance Registration Regular Registration AIAA Member $1,140 $1,250 AIAA Member $1,245 $1,350 AIAA Member $1,050 $1,190 Nonmember $1,245 $1,355 Nonmember $1,350 $1,455 Nonmember $1,155 $1,295 Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics Introduction to Space Flight Advance Registration Regular Registration Advance Registration Regular Registration AIAA Member $1,185 $1,295 AIAA Member $1,050 $1,190 Nonmember $1,290 $1,400 Nonmember $1,155 $1,295 12-0221 CE HomeStudy full page ad for AA.indd 1 3/16/12 3:18 PM ® is a publication of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Elaine J. Camhi Editor-in-Chief Patricia Jefferson Associate Editor Greg Wilson Getting there together Production Editor Jerry Grey, Editor-at-Large Christine Williams, Editor AIAA Bulletin The Global Space Exploration Conference is being held this month in Washington, D.C. This year also marks the tenth anniversary of the Correspondents Second World Space Congress and the twentieth anniversary of the Robert F. Dorr, Washington First World Space Congress. What has changed in two decades? Philip Butterworth-Hayes, Europe In 1992 the concept of ‘international cooperation in space’ focused Michael Westlake, Hong Kong mainly on the interaction of government programs. ESA and entities such Contributing Writers as Intelsat, Intersputnik, and others were considered shining examples of Richard Aboulafia, James W. Canan, success in linking nations together. Of these, only ESA remains intact; Marco Cáceres, Craig Covault, the remainder became private corporations. The next decade saw the Leonard David, Philip Finnegan, consolidation of corporations into international consortia such as EADS Tom Jones, James Oberg, David and SES Global; in joint ventures such as Eurockot and International Launch Rockwell, J.R. Wilson Services; and in the expansion of commercial services into global markets. Fitzgerald Art & Design But nation-to-nation cooperation is far from becoming extinct. The Art Direction and Design prime example of this is certainly the international space station. It is by far the largest international cooperative space program ever—the result of Brian D. Dailey, President efforts by 16 different nations. Although it has had many designs, many Robert S. Dickman, Publisher names, and has spawned seemingly endless complaints about cost overruns Craig Byl, Manufacturing and Distribution and missed deadlines, and even whether it had any real value or purpose, STEERING COMMITTEE the station is now widely considered to be among the most remarkable Col. Neal Barlow, USAF Academy; human achievements of modern times. Somehow, the will of 16 nations to Michael B. Bragg, University of Illinois; be a part of this extraordinary effort pushed past domestic and international Carol Cash, Carol Cash & Associates; Basil political squabbles, changes of governments and budgets, and serious Hassan, Sandia; Mark Lewis, University of economic problems. Maryland; Robert E. Lindberg, National In- stitute of Aerospace; Mark S. Maurice, It seems reasonable to believe that the next great space endeavor, to AFOSR; Vigor Yang, Georgia Institute of move beyond low Earth orbit, perhaps with Mars as the ultimate goal, will Technology; Susan X. Ying, Boeing also be a shared effort. Witness to this is the coalition of 14 space agencies that, in 2006, began discussions on shared interests concerning space EDITORIAL BOARD exploration, both human and robotic. Their aspirations were articulated Ned Allen, Jean-Michel Contant, in a document entitled The Global Exploration Strategy: The Framework Eugene Covert, L.S. “Skip” Fletcher, Michael Francis, Cam Martin, for Coordination, released in 2007. From this was born the International Don Richardson, Douglas Yazell Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG), which has spent the years since developing a roadmap for exploring our solar system. ADVERTISING There have of course been many roadblocks to the goal of true National Display and Classified: international cooperation, the most recent being NASA’s budget-driven Robert Silverstein, 240.498.9674 withdrawal from the ExoMars mission, which ESA now appears to be [email protected] West Coast Display: Greg Cruse, pursuing with cooperation from Russia. 949.361.1870 / [email protected] Nevertheless, the “Global Exploration Roadmap,” released in September 2011 by the ISECG, articulates a long-range strategy that ultimately leads Ross B. Garelick Bell, Business Manager to human exploration of the surface of Mars. The roadmap lays out options for multilateral discussion and interaction involving both robotic and human Send materials to Craig Byl, AIAA, 1801 missions, perhaps using the station, perhaps by visiting an asteroid or Alexander Bell Drive, Suite 500, Reston, VA 20191-4344. Changes of address should be returning to the Moon. sent by e-mail at [email protected], or by fax Will this be the way of the future? Politics change, economies change, at 703.264.7606. and alliances are made and broken. But with this roadmap, as with the Send correspondence to [email protected]. development of the space station, the whole of all of these efforts will surely be greater than the sum of its parts. Getting together to get there May 2012, Vol. 50, No. 5 together benefits everyone. Elaine Camhi Editor-in-Chief BEATlayout0512_Layout 1 4/10/12 12:15 PM Page 2 F-35 shows ups and downs of international partnerships AT THE START OF MARCH 2011 THE tional cooperation embedded in the keep the program alive,” says Raymond U.K. government began a reappraisal of program from the start—cooperation in Jaworowski, senior aerospace analyst at its 2010 decision to acquire the industrial partnerships and in the de- market consultants Forecast Interna- F-35C carrier version of Lockheed Mar- ployment of the aircraft in theatre. The tional. “The U.S. has had to tread very tin’s Joint Strike Fighter rather than the eight nations (apart from the U.S) par- carefully and understands what sort of F-35B vertical takeoff variant. The ticipating in the F-35 system develop- damage could be done to the interna- F-35C does have a longer range, can ment and demonstration phase (U.K., tional partnerships.” carry more weapons, and is interoper- Italy, Australia, Turkey, Netherlands, able with the U.S.