Using GIS Site Suitability Analysis St. Johns to Identify Vacant Lots for St. Johns, Portland Equitable and Affordable Housing Portland Development in St. Johns Affordable Housing Development Potential ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! w ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! C ! ! o ! ! ! ! ! lu ! ! ! ! ! m Problem Statement ! ! ! ! b ! ! ! i ! ! ! a ! ! ! S ! l ! C ! o! o ! u lu ! ! C g m What vacant properties should the St. Johns Center for Opportunity ! h! b ! o ! i ! ! l ! ! ! ! a ! u ! ! ! ! ! ! ! m ! ! ! S ! ! ! ! ! ! ! b ! ! ! l ! ! i o! ! ! a ! ! ! u ! ! S ! ! ! ! ! ! g ! l ! C ! ! o ! ! ! h ! u ! o ! ! ! ! prioritize for affordable housing development? Given the existing racial and ! g ! l ! u ! ! h ! ! ! ! m ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! b ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! i ! ! ! a ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! S ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N Lombard St. ! ! ! ! l ! ! ! ! ! ! o ! ! u ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! g ! ! ! ! ! h ! ! ! ! ! socioeconomic disparities in the neighborhood, an equity lens will be applied ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Sitton Elemen- ! ! N Lombard St. ! ! ! N Columbia Blvd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! tary School ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! to prioritize sites that will provide access to essential neighborhood services! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Sitton Elemen- ! ! ! ! N Columbia Blvd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! tary School ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Smith and Bybee Wetlands Natural Area ! ! ! ! ! ! ! like bus stops, grocery stores, schools, and more. ! Smith and Bybee Wetlands Natural Area ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Chimney Park ! ! ! ! ! ! Chimney Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Project Summary ! ! ! ! ! N. Columbia Blvd. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N. Columbia Blvd. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! In October 2015 the Portland City Council declared a housing state of emergency that has now been ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Pier Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Pier Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! extended through October 2017. The Portland region continues to attract new residents from across the ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! country and world. Between 2014 and 2015, the region grew by 111 people per day and average rents ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N Portland Rd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! increased by approximately $100 per month. In 2016 the average home sale price in Portland broke ! ! Sitton Elementary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Sitton Elementary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! $400,000, an increase of nearly 100% in 15 years. As a result of the dramatic increases in rents and home ! ! N Portland Rd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! George Middle ! ! ! ! ! ! values, Portland has experienced large scale housing loss by low-income residents and a sharp rise in the ! ! ! ! ! ! ! George Middle ! ! N Fessenden St ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N Saint Louis Ave ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! St. Johns ! ! ! ! ! number of people seeking emergency shelter. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! St. Johns ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N Fessenden St ! St Johns Park George Park ! ! ! ! ! N Saint Louis Ave ! ! ! ! ! ! St Johns Park ! ! George Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! James John Elementary ! ! ! ! ! St. Johns ! ! GERMANTOWN ! ! ! ! ! James John Elementary In the north Portland neighborhood of St. Johns, the St. Johns Center for Opportunity has launched an ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! City Park ! GERMANTOWN ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Roosevelt High ! ! ! ! N. Lombard St. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! affordable housing program to slow neighborhood displacement trends and stabilize housing costs. The ! Roosevelt High ! St. Johns N. Lombard St. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! City Park ! Cathedral Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! neighborhood currently experiences serious housing related racial inequities whereby only White and Asian W ! ! Cathedral Park ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N. Willamette Blvd. ! ! ! ! households can afford to purchase a home. Black households and Single Mother households are unable to ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! i ! W N. Willamette Blvd. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! l ! ! ! ! ! ! ! afford a rental unit of any size (Studio and 1, 2, 3 Bedroom). ! ! ! ! ! ! ! James John ! l ! ! ! ! ! ! Clark ! ! ! ! ! ! a ! ! ! Elementary ! ! i ! ! ! ! ! ! BRIDGE ! ! Clark ! Cathedral Park ! l ! ! m ! ! ! School ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! James John ! ! l ! BRIDGE ! ! ! Cathedral Park ! ! ! ! ! ! Willamette Cove When combined with other approaches, the construction of new affordable housing units can help stabilize ! a ! ! ! Elementary ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! e Roosevelt High ! ! Multnomah ! ! ! Willamette Cove ! ! m ! School ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! housing costs in an area. This GIS analysis identifies and prioritizes suitable sites for the construction of new ! t School ! ! ! ! ! Multnomah ! ! ! ! ! ! ! t ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! e ! Roosevelt High ! ! ! e ! ! ! ! affordable housing in St. Johns using an equity lens. To minimize costs and barriers to development, only ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! t School ! ! ST HELENS ! ! ! ! ! ! R ! t N Philadelphia Ave ! vacant land was considered. The equity lens was developed to ensure that the residents of new affordable ! ! ! e ! ST HELENS ! Legend ! ! 0 0.5 1 Miles ! i ! ! ! Clackamas housing units have access to critical services such as transit stops, grocery stores, schools, community ! v Cathedral Washington R ! N Philadelphia Ave ! ! 0 0.5 1 Miles ! ! ! ! Clackamas e ! City Park Washington centers, and more. Post-GIS analysis was conducted to prioritize sites that may be most accessible for ! i ! ! ! r ! ! ! v Cathedral ! Frequent Service Bus Stops ! Figure 3 ! development such as properties currently owned by the City of Portland. This analysis provides the St. ! ! ! ! ! e City Park ! !! ! Legend r ! ! ! ! ! ! Johns Center for Opportunity with a list of single-family and multi-family properties that are suitable for ! Neighborhood Boundary Library General Commercial General Industrial 1 !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Neighborhood Boundary General Commercial General Industrial 1 !! affordable housing development. Mixed Commercial Heavy Industrial !! Parks ! ! ! ! N Lombard St ! ! ! Community Center ! Mixed Commercial Heavy Industrial ! Parks ! ! Neighborhood Commercial 1 Open Space Schools ! ! ! ! ! ! ! N Lombard St Grocery Stores/Farmers Market ! ! ! ! Neighborhood Commercial 1 Open Space Schools ! N Willamette St ! Neighborhood Commercial 2 Med Density Multi-Dwelling Residential Arterials ! St. Johns Bridge ! ! ! ! Methodology ! ! ! StorefrontNeighborhood Commercial Commercial 2 LowMed Density Density Multi-Density Multi-Dwelling Residential Residential Arterials ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Vacant Single-Family Lots N! Willamette St ! ! ! St. Johns Bridge Storefront Commercial Low Density Multi-Density Residential ! ! General Employment 1 Single Dwelling Residential 2,500 ! A site suitability model was used to identify specific vacant lots within an equity zone that should be ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! GeneralGeneral Employment Employment 2 1 SingleSingle Dwelling Dwelling Residential Residential 5,000 2,500 ! ! ! prioritized for affordable housing development in St. Johns. Seven criteria were used in the weighted ! Vacant Multi-Family Lots ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! CentralGeneral Employment Employment 2 ResidentialSingle Dwelling Farming Residential 5,000 analysis model including appropriate land use designations and proximity to amenities. The City of NW St Helens Rd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Schools ! Central Employment Residential Farming ! ! ! ! Portland’s Buildable Lands Inventory was used to identify tax lots that were vacant and held residential ! ! Rasterized Reclassified ! ! NW St Helens Rd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! development potential. ! ! ! Parks ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Input Sources ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Findings ! ! Equity Zone ! ! ! Appropriate distances were selected and assigned to amenities based on urban planning principles. ! ! ! ! ! Based on the suite suitability analysis, an equity zone emerged covering southwest St. Johns. The equity ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Distances were a quarter mile, half mile, three quarters of a mile, one-mile, and six-mile radius for bus Zoning Grocery Stores ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! zone includes much of N. Lombard Street, the historic main street corridor. This is unsurprising, as N. ! ! ! ! Neighborhood Boundary ! !! !! !! ! stops and grocery stores as a regularly used amenity. The six mile radius was used to ensure the raster ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Lombard features multiple frequent bus lines including the 4 and 75. Many essential neighborhood ! ! ! ! ! ! ! analysis included the entire neighborhood. Distances were a half mile, one mile, one and a half miles, ! ! ! ! Tax Lots services such as grocery stores, parks, and a library are also concentrated along the corridor. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! two miles, and six-mile radius for libraries, community centers, schools, and parks which are not used ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Streets ! ! as regularly. These defined distance thresholds were used in a multiple ring buffer as a ranking system ! ! ! Within the equity zone, the current stock of vacant land would allow for the development of 55 single- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! giving a higher value the nearer an area was to a single amenity. The output of the multiple ring buffer ! ! Arterials ! family residential units and 406 multi-family residential units. The number of allowable units per vacant ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! was converted to raster and reclassified. ! ! lot for single-family sites ranges from 1-4, while the number of allowable units per vacant lot for multi- ! ! ! Railroad Track ! ! ! ! ! ! Equity Zone 0 0.125 0.25