Lucrări Ştiinţifice – vol. 56 (2) 2013, seria Agronomie INTEGRATION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION DETERMINES MODERN AGRICULTURE. CASE STUDY BOTOSANI Maria-Simona CUCIUREANU1 e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Modern agriculture is rural economic development perspective, in Europe as predominant areas with soils suitable for the development of modern agriculture. The European Union supports the development of modern agriculture through financial instruments in all countries, claiming to private ventures and investments in agricultural holdings. Botosani County soils has positive characteristics for practicing agricuture Moderen, but the socio-economic prevents completion. Statistical analysis of 2002 and 2010 (farms, number of employed persons working in agriculture, crop area number cereals, corn, fodder, vineyards, orchards, farms existing) Romanian Agricultural Census has to highlight the type of agriculture practiced in Botosani, subsistence and modern in an early stage. The development and practice of modern agriculture for this area represents an opportunity for economic development and rising living standards. Key words: modern agriculture, farms, private agricultural companies, statistical. Rural development is achieved through Rural development priority is the programs and financial instrumemntele support modernization of agriculture and rural economy by this phenomenon. Thus the main instruments for deepening social and economic functions vital promoting rural development in the European scheme has groalimentare: ensuring balanced Union are: LEADER TRDI and SAPARD , alimentaţieie population, the necessary raw complemented by structural and cohesion funds . materials for agricultural activities and an active The major objectives of these financial programs and profitable export of agricultural products . In are rural- urban disparities , increasing the the rural economy , agriculture is a major market employment rate of the labor force in rural areas, for downstream industries in mind they contribute facilitating access to the labor market , reduce directly to the development of non-agricultural discrimination , increase the perception of social sectors and rural sectoarelorconexe. Rural inclusion, quality of life , preserve the traditions development is encouraged at European level of and culture of rural exploitation of resources by existence the financial instruments that finance preserving the uniqueness of each rural area. projects proposed by rural communities. The Local Economic integration of Romania in diversity of projects that can be funded denotes the EU requires an approach to rural development complexity of the issues facing rural Europe-wide as a component of economic , social and cultural Financial programs designed to implement rural priority . The rural area is considered as the card of development policies for rural development which Romania. In the planning and technical equipment respects the principles set out in the European for agricultural land are two issues at national Charter of rural and aimed at reducing rural level: increasing the area (and livestock) farms and decalejelor locally at European level in terms of increasing the area of the farm parcels components socio - economic and territorial. Botosani County EU policy faces three major challenges: benefited from the advantages of European competition, technological revolution and integration through the European funds and transformative society and expanding implement projects aimed at rural development. (enlargement). Although EU policy is to reduce regional disparities and socio -economic MATERIAL AND METHOD disparities, their tendency is to increase , which will cause changes in development policies for the The study was conducted by using the period 2014-2020. statistical data from 2002 and 2010 Agricultural Census. Although the statistics for 2010 are more 1Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iași 207 Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole şi Medicină Veterinară Iaşi complex, with many indicators evidenţiaază situation activities to observe the influence of European in rural areas, the effects from accessing European policies for rural areas. funds, comparisons can be drawn with the data from Analysis of indicators of agricultural 2002 for a general statement indicating agricultural development has had since 2002 By 2010 and may censuses in 2002 and 2010 shows that in 2002 predict the effects of the implementation of projects urban areas had areas to be used for agriculture, aimed at rehabilitation and modernization of but in 2010 there is a distinction between space agriculture. Quantitative data were processed in and Botosani city for many other localities of Microsoft Excel 2010, mapped and processed Botosani County because even if they land ocupte Philcarto program Adobe Illustrator CS 6. Making urban areas with agricultural activities. Darabani cartodiagramelor was done using hierarchical ascending classification and identification method and Dorohoi cities were developing agriculture, typologies, depending on the chosen indicators. Such Flămânzi and Ştefăneşti cities (cities became in typologies indicate agricultural situation in each 2004) have developed agriculture and cities village and rural-urban relationship (what proportion Bucecea Săveni and subsistence agriculture, while of land in proximity to urban areas are occupied by urban areas have become in 2004 (Bucecea, agricultural activities). Ability to use statistical Flămânzi and Ştefăneşti) had in 2004 an methods and mapping determines agriculturiii underdeveloped agriculture, although the land was highlighting developments and how to reduce agricultural land use issues, namely subsistence used. There is an evolution in the practice of agriculture. modern agriculture or agricultural development by increasing the number of holdings, the utilized RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS agricultural area and surface area, so that in 2002 only 4 towns practiced agriculture developed The study aims to highlight the (Ungureni, Coţuşca, Manoleasa and Avrămeni), development of agriculture in the county of while 2010 are a large number of localities with Botosani. This provides a comparison of common developed agriculture or developing (central and indicators obtained from the Agricultural Census northern part of the county), while the west and 2002 and 2010 and a detailed analysis of farm area south-east facing agriculture in developing used and occupied population with agricultural countries, but below the average of others locations. Figure 1 Farm typology Botosani County in 2002 and 2010 Dominance underdeveloped areas with number of farms and average size for a farm show agriculture and farming in the vicinity absence being restored farming, one of the factors is urban areas in 2002 reveal the existence of provided by EU subsidies for agricultural land, subsistence agriculture, replaced with a partially livestock or farm purchase. common in some developing agriculture to the The next step is to highlight the situation year 2010. Thus comparing identical indicators for analytical indicators are important in defining 2002 and 2010 resulted in establishing the type of agriculture, developed or poorly developed at, agriculture: developed, developing and modern or subsistence. underdeveloped or subsistence. This first analysis, which is founded on the utilized agricultural area, 208 Lucrări Ştiinţifice – vol. 56 (2) 2013, seria Agronomie Figure 2 The utilized agricultural area in Botosani (by Figura 3 Farms in the county of Botosani (by the way mode of holding) of holding the utilized agricultural area) Regarding the utilized agricultural area The existence of a number of farms (Figure 2) by mode of holding can see that in 2010 indicates that agriculture is a viable solution to the we can identify the following classification: county for people who have the possibility of localities property utilized agricultural area (central creating agricultural associations, motivated by and north-eastern area of the county, Vorona, capitalizing terenurior the opportunity to get Tudora) an area used as county average (the south- European financial subsidies. Increasing farm and west, north-western and central-western county, agricultural land use can have a positive effect on Răuseni, Călărași), with land on lease (Santa Mare, labor because it provides jobs and a population Manoleasa, Cristineşti), partly lease (Flămânzi) înregsitrată practicing modern agriculture. and surfaces free and the site (Ungureni Demographic typology was achieved through the Ştefăneşti). Among urban areas, not only Săveni use of specific indicators registered population and Botosani and areas used for agricultural practicing agricultural activities are categorized by activities, but other areas used in significant age groups (25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, numbers have generally being usprafeţe-owned or 55-64 years and above 65 years). This will be able leased. Agricultural area used by highlights how to see places where prevailing farming population, holding the property, free of charge or on lease, age predominant etc. Classification by age which means that there are a significant number of category of the population employed in farming agricultural associations using land, exploiting the typology illustrated in Figure 4 shows the opportunity to benefit from subsidies provided to following situation: areas which are predominantly agricultural land use. The above analysis is occupied by agricultural activities, areas