European Union Foreign Affairs Journal eQuarterly for European Foreign, Foreign Trade, Development, Security Policy, EU-Third Country Relations and Regional Integration (EUFAJ) N° 01– 2017 ISSN 2190-6122 Contents Editorial ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 EU Good Offices in Revolutionary Egypt (2012-2013) James Moran and Gabriel Munuera Viñals ......................................................................................................... 6 The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt - Fountain of Islamist Violence Cynthia Farahat .......................................................................................................................................... 16 Private Military and Security Companies: Industry-Led Self-Regulatory Initiatives versus State-Led Containment Strategies Raymond Saner ................................................................................................................................................... 29 European Fund for Sustainable Development (EFSD) Marta Latek ........................................................................................................................................................ 56 Is Europe ready for the Belarus crisis? Arkady Moshes and Ryhor Nizhnikau ................................................................................................................. 66 When Russia considers an Armenian undesirable - Report on a deportation .................................... 69 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic: Now under the name Republic of Artsakh. The Referendum of 20.2.2017 .................................................................................................................. 76 European Union Foreign Affairs Journal – N° 1 – 2017 www.eufaj.eu, [email protected] 1 Azerbaijan Attacks European Parliamentarism - by Arrest Warrants against Members of the European Parliament ................................................................................................................................ 81 The Faroe Islands - a small but maybe decisive move ahead?. New Referendum on 25th April, 2018 - and then? ................................................................................. 84 The Western Balkans and the 2016 EU Enlargement Package - Prospects and Perspectives Velina Lilyanova ................................................................................................................................................. 87 “White Book Sava” - a roadmap for a European River ........................................................................ 99 Another Hope for Balkan Rivers: EBRD withdraws from financing hydropower project in Mavrovo National Park, Macedonia .... 103 Vjosa River in Albania: Europe's last wild river - or a future sequence of dams? ........................... 106 After this article had been written: Albania: European Parliament demands National Park for Vjosa and stop to hydropower projects Environmental assessments are inadequate .............................................................................................. 115 The EU follows a project: The Multilateral Investment Court .......................................................... 118 Holiday Island Bornholm for Serious Debates - Proposal by the Europe's People's Forum (EPF) 122 Reviews .................................................................................................................................................... 127 European Union Foreign Affairs Journal – N° 1 – 2017 www.eufaj.eu, [email protected] 2 European Union Foreign Affairs Journal (EUFAJ) eQuarterly for European Foreign, Foreign Trade, Development, Security Policy, EU-Third Country Relations and Regional Integration ISSN: 2190-6122 Published by: LIBERTAS – Europäisches Institut GmbH, Lindenweg 37, 72414 Rangendingen, Germany Phone: +49 7471 984996-0, fax +49 7471 984996-19, e-mail: [email protected] Managing Director: Hans-Jürgen Zahorka Registered: AG Stuttgart, HRB 243253, USt ID no.: DE811240129, Tax no.: 53 093 05327 Internet: www.eufaj.eu, www.libertas-institut.eu Subscription Rate: Free. All previous EUFAJ issues can be downloaded free of charge on www.eufaj.eu. Chief Editor: Hans-Jürgen Zahorka Editors: Ofelya Sargsyan (managing), Frederic Labarre Editorial Advisory Board: Židas Daskalovski, Ph.D., CRPM Skopje, professor of political science, University of Bitola, Macedonia Ioseb Kelenjeridze, Ph.D., professor, Dean of Legal, Humanities and Social Science Faculty, European University, Tbilisi, Georgia Catherine Maia, Ph.D., professor of public international law, University of Porto (Portugal) and Science Po Paris (France); Director of Multipol, Geneva (Switzerland) Pierre Menguy, president of Maison de l’Europe de la Seine, Le Havre/France, Member of Team Europe France Sergey Metelev, Ph.D., professor of economy, Russian State University for Economy, Omsk, Russia Saulius Nefas, Ph.D., professor of administrative science, Mykolos Romeros University, Vilnius/Lithuania Martin Pontzen, Dr. rer. pol., Bundesbank Director, German Federal Bank, Frankfurt/Main, Germany Viktor Yengibaryan, President of European Movement Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia Assistant Editors: Eka Meskhrikadze, Tbilisi, Georgia Meerim Oboskanova, Winnipeg, Canada (previously Bishkek/Kyrgyzstan) Tamara Vatsadze, Tbilisi, Georgia All authors are responsible for their published texts. If no author is mentioned, the Chief Editor is responsible. All texts published under a name do not necessarily represent the view of the editors or Advisory Board members. EUFAJ is committed to European and international integration and to pluralism, different views and a public discussion. Copyright: Copyright requests are welcome. Reprints of certain contributions are free of charge, for others a license fee may have to be negotiated. Please ask the publisher for copyright permission. Proposal/example for quotation: EUFAJ [or: European Union Foreign Affairs Journal] 1-2015, then number of page (e.g. EUFAJ, 1-2015, 32). Papers, articles, reports, contributions: should be sent to the Chief Editor by e-mail and as attachment in Word. Authors can decide themselves if they submit a scientific or more practical article (but without end notes). We reserve the right of adding annotations and comments. All contributions are requested in English language; abstracts in other languages are possible. EUFAJ is published in English. European Union Foreign Affairs Journal – N° 1 – 2017 www.eufaj.eu, [email protected] 3 The EUFAJ Blog - between our issues, for topical announcements and new publications: http://libertasblogs.wordpress.com With contributions on UK, Scotland, Catalonia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Ukraine, the Eurasian Economic Union, Moldova, Georgia, Turkey, EU language policy, UN decolonialisation policy, Africa, the Caribbean, university cooperation, new books and their authors etc. The blog counts more than 19.800 views from about 150 countries. 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Then write “EUFAJ” or “European Union Foreign Affairs Journal” into the search box (if you have access to LinkedIn). Also here, news are regularly spread. Welcome on LinkedIn! European Union Foreign Affairs Journal – N° 1 – 2017 www.eufaj.eu, [email protected] 4 Editorial Dear readers, observing European and international politics is thrilling - like making it or being a citizen. Brexit, as usual, divides villages, families, friends - but from time to time there are demonstrations in London where, what a miracle, EU flags are waved, mainly by young people. Theresa May obtains all kinds of defeats, and it is a practical example of Sigmund Freud to observe the British flock of ministers. Trump seems - for the day only - tamed and civilized, at least in foreign policy, but you never know ... From time to time he provides the best comedy programme ever. And it is becoming strangely silent around Putin - no miracle, as he has all hands to do with his present construction sites. The rising star on the rabble-rousing boards is Mr. Erdogan from Turkey. He will be the reason why the ministries of foreign affairs of the EU will have to recruit routined psychologists, as a decent normal person has difficulties to get what he says and wants. May be EUFAJ publishes in one of its next issues a contribution that he is in truth a modern fascist? Or an article who in the EU economy still wants to play ball with his kind of country - or about the development of tourist figures (arrivals from foreign countries in Turkey). With this "trio