Calasiris the Pseudo-Greek Hero: Odyssean Allusions in Heliodorus' Aethiopica Christina Marie Bartley A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master’s degree in Classical Studies Department of Classics and Religious Studies Faculty of Arts University of Ottawa © Christina Marie Bartley, Ottawa, Canada, 2021 Table of Contents Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... iii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. vi Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... vii Introduction ..................................................................................................................... viii 1. The Structural Markers of the Aethiopica .......................................................................1 1.1.Homeric Strategies of Narration ..........................................................................................2 1.1.1. In Medias Res .................................................................................................................3 1.2. Narrative Voices .................................................................................................................8 1.2.1. The Anonymous Primary Narrator ................................................................................9 1.2.2. Calasiris........................................................................................................................10 1.2.3. Cnemon ........................................................................................................................13 1.3. Aesthetics and their Role in the Narrative ........................................................................22 2. The Episodic Markers of the Aethiopica ........................................................................25 2.1.The Opening Scene as the Mnesterophonia.......................................................................26 2.2.The Bandit Camp as the Telemachy...................................................................................31 2.3.Nausicles’ House as Alcinous’ Palace ...............................................................................31 2.4.The Procession in Honour of Neoptolemus and the Pythian Games as the Phaeacian Games ................................................................................................................................37 2.5.The Escape from Delphi as the Cyclopeia .........................................................................39 2.6.Three Different Versions of the Nekyia .............................................................................41 2.7.Calasiris and Charicleia’s Recognition Scenes ..................................................................46 3. Heliodorus’ Allusive Commentary on the Odyssey .......................................................51 3.1. Calasiris as the Wise Odysseus .........................................................................................53 3.2.Theagenes as the Bodily Odysseus ....................................................................................62 3.3.Charicleia as the New Odysseus ........................................................................................69 Conclusion .........................................................................................................................75 Bibliography I: Ancient Sources ........................................................................................81 Bibliography II: References ...............................................................................................83 ii Abbreviations Achilles Tatius, Leucippe and Clitophon. Translated by John J. Winkler. Collected Ancient Greek Novels. Edited by B. P. Ach. Tat. Reardon. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989. Aeschylus, Oresteia: Agamemnon. Libation Bearers. Eumenides. Edited and translated by Alan H. Sommerstein. Aesch., Cho. Loeb Classical Library 146. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009. Aeschylus, Persians. Seven Against Thebes. Suppliants. Prometheus Bound. Edited and translated by Alan H. Aesch., Pers. Sommerstein. Loeb Classical Library 145. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009. Apollodorus, The Library, Volume I. Translated by James G. Apollod., Bibl. Frazer. Loeb Classical Library 121. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1921. Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. Edited and translated by Ap. Rhod., Argon. William H. Race. Loeb Classical Library 1. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library 73. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Arist., Eth. Nic. University Press, 1926. Aristotle, Poetics. 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Strab. 1877. v Abstract This thesis seeks to analyze the Homeric allusions in the Aethiopica with an inclusive definition to explore Heliodorus’ authorial motives. To approach this project, I use textual analysis to avoid arguments rooted in assumptions of the historical context of the novel, about which we know almost nothing. I explore how links to Homer’s Odyssey are visible within the structural organization of the text and the content of the text. I also explore how the content of the novel reproduces actions and compatible settings of Odyssean characters, which therefore qualifies Heliodorus’ characters in a metaliterary commentary with Homer’s archaic epic poem. The division of Odyssean actions and traits depicted in Heliodorus’ characters introduce