Information Classification: CONTROLLED Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall Updated Heritage Statement Cornwall Archaeological Unit Report No: 2020R004 2020R004 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement 1 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall Heritage Assessment Client Mr M Moth Report Number 2020R004 Date 31/01/2020 Report author(s) Peter Dudley Approved by Dr Andy Jones Project number 146995 The project’s documentary, digital, photographic and drawn archive is maintained by Cornwall Archaeological Unit. Cornwall Archaeological Unit Cornwall Council Fal Building, County Hall, Treyew Road, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 3AY Tel: (01872) 323603 Email: [email protected] Web: www.cau.org.uk 2 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement The views and recommendations expressed in this report are those of Cornwall Archaeological Unit and are presented in good faith on the basis of professional judgement and on information currently available. Freedom of Information Act As Cornwall Council is a public authority it is subject to the terms of the Freedom of Information Act 2000, which came into effect from 1st January 2005. Cornwall Archaeological Unit is a Registered Organisation with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists © Cornwall Council 2020 No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the publisher. 3 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement 1 Introduction This report has been commissioned by Mr Moth to support planning application (PA19/09326) for a camp site at Nanturras, Goldsithney, near Marazion (centred SW 54841 30922; Fig 1). Figure 1 Site location (outlined in red) with an inset showing the general location in Cornwall. This report is an updated version of that submitted in November 2019. The updated report incorporates the results of a geophysical survey and a revised plan for the proposed development. 1.1 Methodology 1.1.1 Policy and guidance This report takes account of various relevant aspects of national and local planning policies and guidance including: Government guidance on conserving and enhancing the historic environment. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (2018) – specifically policies for ‘conserving and enhancing the historic environment’ (paragraphs 184-202). The Cornwall Local Plan (2016) – specifically policy 24. The Cornwall and West Devon Mining World Heritage Site Management Plan. Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (1979). Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act (1990). The Hedgerow Regulations (1997). 1.1.2 Scope This assessment is focussed on heritage assets identified within the proposal area itself (hereafter referred to as the ‘site’). The assessment also identifies relevant heritage 4 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement assets within a wider 500m buffer around the site and considers potential impacts upon designated heritage assets over a wider area (hereafter referred to as the ‘study area’). 1.1.3 Aims The primary aims of this study are to assess the following: The resource of identified heritage assets, both designated and non-designated, within the study area that are relevant to the site; The potential for non-designated heritage assets within the site, including any demonstrably of equivalent significance to designated assets; The significance of the identified and potential heritage assets and resource within the site; The impacts of the proposal upon the significance of heritage assets and the settings of designated heritage assets within the study area; Appropriate measures for mitigating impacts upon the heritage assets and resource within the study area. 1.1.4 Desk–based assessment This study was undertaken in accordance with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologist’s (CIfA) guidance on undertaking desk-based assessment (CIfA 2017). Significance In determining the significance of heritage assets CAU have followed guidance issued by Historic England in 2008. The following criteria have been used to measure significance: Evidential – ‘the potential of a place to yield evidence about past human activity’; Historical – ‘derives from the ways in which past people, events and aspects of life can be connected through a place to the present’; Aesthetic – ‘derives from the ways in which people draw sensory and intellectual stimulation from a place’; Communal- ‘derives from the meanings of a place for the people who relate to it, or for whom it figures in their collective experience or memory’. Settings In evaluating aspects of the settings of heritage assets CAU have followed Historic England’s guidance on the subject (2017). Sources During the desk-based assessment historical databases and archives were consulted in order to obtain information about the history of the site and study area and the structures and features that were likely to survive. The main sources consulted were as follows: Cornwall and Scilly Historic Environment Record (HER; via Heritage Gateway). The National Heritage List for England (a searchable database of designated heritage assets, excluding conservation areas). Early maps, records, and photographs (see Section 6.1). Published histories and webpages (see Sections 6.2 and 6.3). 1.1.5 Walkover survey A site visit was undertaken on Tuesday 2nd July in bright sunny weather. 5 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement 1.1.6 Geophysical survey The magnetometer (gradiometer) survey was undertaken on Tuesday 7th January 2020 in windy and overcast conditions. Because of vegetation conditions the edges of the field could not be surveyed, and the survey covered approximately 0.9 hectare. 1.1.7 Heritage Impact Assessment The statement includes a Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) which summarises the proposals, presents the baseline evidence for the historic environment, assesses likely impacts on significance, and identifies any harm and, where necessary, suggests a mitigation strategy. 2 Heritage resource This section presents a summary of the historical development of the study area, provides detail of designated and non-designated heritage assets that have been identified, identifies potential heritage assets that may lie within the site, and reports on previous archaeological work in the study area. 2.1 Designated heritage assets There are no designated monuments within the site. Within the wider study area are 33 Listed Buildings (summarised in Appendix 7.2; see Fig 2), mainly concentrated in the St Hilary Churchtown and Goldsithney Conservation Areas. Figure 2 Designated heritage assets within a 500m radius buffer of the site (outlined in red) displaying Listed Buildings (yellow), Scheduled Monuments (red) and Conservation Areas (light blue). The inset shows the concentration of Listed Buildings and Scheduled Monuments in St Hillary Churchtown and in particular, the churchyard. A majority (26) of the Listed Buildings are contained within the St Hilary Churchtown Conservation Area, mostly within the churchyard. This includes the Grade-I Listed 6 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement church (NHLE 1310334) and a high number of Grade-II Listed chest tombs and headstones in the cemetery as well as medieval crosses and an early medieval inscribed stone. In the churchyard, the early medieval inscribed stone is also a Scheduled Monument (NHLE 1018498) as are two wayside crosses (NHLE 1018206). Several of the dwellings in the churchtown are Grade-II Listed including the Old Vicarage (NHLE 1161262), Church House (NHLE 1310170), Barlenoweth Cottages (and front garden walls; NHLE 1327571) and The Jolly Tinners (NHLE 1143754). In the Goldsithney Conservation Area, there are three Grade-II Listed Buildings; Montaza House (NHLE 1143735), the Trevelyan Arms Hotel (NHLE 1143775) and the Crown Inn (NHLE 1327582). In the south eastern edge of Goldsithney is the Grade-II Listed Bede House (NHLE 1160721). On Fore Street (190m east of the Conservation Area) is the Grade-II Listed Manor Cottage (and its front wall; NHLE 1327599). At Higher Downs, are the Grade-II Listed ‘Thatched Cottage’ (NHLE 1161573) and Belvedere house (NHLE 1143744). The site and entire study area fall within the Tregonning and Gwinear Mining District (A3i) of the Cornish Mining World Heritage Site, which covers a large area north of the A394 to include Goldsithney, Halamanning, Rosudgeon, Germoe, Breage, Godolphin and Leedstown. The District is seen as a coherent cultural landscape containing mine sites, mining settlements, miners’ smallholdings, houses and estates and discovery of mineralogical specimens that date to 1700-1914 which create the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) for which the WHS was inscribed (Gamble et al 2004, 38, 91). 2.2 Non-designated heritage assets Within the study area there are 32 heritage assets recorded in the Cornwall and Scilly HER but this includes six monuments which are designated (see Appendix 7.3; Fig 3). Figure 3 Non-designated heritage assets within a 500m radius buffer of the site (outlined in red). 7 Land at Nanturras, Goldsithney, Cornwall, Updated Heritage Statement The HER records a record of possible mine workings (MCO39888) within the site and the full description states, ‘Cornwall Consultants note a mine at this grid reference, yet no documentary evidence, data from OS maps