Mayflower by Numbers 66 The year the Mayflower sailed from Plymouth 4 The number of passengers on board as it left Plymouth 1620 The year the Puritans left England and sailed to Leiden 128 The number of days it took to sail from Plymouth to Cape Cod 64 The number of men that signed the Mayflower Compact 300 The estimate value of the Mayflower in pounds sterling in1624 24 The number of times they had to return to harbour to fix the Speedwell 41 The rough number of miles they had already sailed from Dartmouth before they had to return 102 The number of masts 2 The rough width of the deck in feet 4 The number of pregnant women on board the Mayflower 1608 The number of women that survived to celebrate the first Thanksgiving 3 The age of the oldest passenger, James Chilton • From what you know or can find out from the resources around you, what other figures could you add to the list? • Are there any other figures you would like to find out? • Are any of these numbers surprising? Why? Mayflower by Numbers - answers 66 The year the Mayflower sailed from Plymouth 4 The number of passengers on board as it left Plymouth 1620 The year the Puritans left England and sailed to Leiden 128 The number of days it took to sail from Plymouth to Cape Cod 64 The number of men that signed the Mayflower Compact 300 The estimate value of the Mayflower in pounds sterling in1624 24 The number of times they had to return to harbour to fix the Speedwell 41 The rough number of miles they had already sailed from Dartmouth before they had to return 102 The number of masts 2 The rough width of the deck in feet 4 The number of pregnant women on board the Mayflower 1608 The number of women that survived to celebrate the first Thanksgiving 3 The age of the oldest passenger, James Chilton Crew’s Jobs Match up the crew member’s title with their job description. Complete the last column by describing how their skills would be useful when setting up a colony in the New World. See if you can rank them in order of importance – does the order change depending on whether they are sailing or creating the colony? Crew member Job Useful skills Ship’s Master Responsible for the upkeep of the ship's guns, powder, and canon. Ship’s Pilot Responsible for the workings of the ship’s hull, including supervising those working on the deck. Master’s Mate In charge of the supplies and equipment. Cooper Prepared the meals for the crew, maintained the food supplies and was responsible for the ship's cook room. Ship’s surgeon Responsible for fixing anything integral to the ship that needed repairing. This also meant maintaining his tools and supplies. Master gunner Carried out the orders of the master, and would take role as Ship’s Master if he was sick or absent. Ship’s Carpenter The captain of the ship - the term "captain" was only used for military ships at this time though. The Boatswain Builds, repairs and maintains the ship's barrels. As food and drink were stored in the barrels, this was an important job on board. The four Steers ships and completes the docking and Quartermasters disembarking of the vessel in the harbor. The Ship’s Cook Cared for the members of the ship, dealing with wounds from battle, disease and the other medical problems despite often having little medical training. Crew’s Jobs - answers Crew member Job Ship’s Master The captain of the ship - the term "captain" was only used for military ships at this time though. Ship’s Pilot Steers ships and completes the docking and disembarking of the vessel in the harbor. Master’s Mate Carried out the orders of the master, and would take role as Ship’s Master if he was sick or absent. Cooper (Barrel-maker) Builds, repairs and maintains the ship's barrels. As food and drink were stored in the barrels, this was an important job on board. Ship’s surgeon Cared for the members of the ship, dealing with wounds from battle, disease and the other medical problems despite often having little medical training. Master gunner Responsible for the upkeep of the ship's guns, powder, and canon. Ship’s Carpenter Responsible for fixing anything integral to the ship that needed repairing. This also meant maintaining his tools and supplies. The Boatswain Responsible for the workings of the ship’s hull, including supervising those working on the deck. The four In charge of the supplies and equipment. Quartermasters The Ship’s Cook Prepared the meals for the crew, maintained the food supplies and was responsible for the ship's cook room. The Mayflower Timeline 1609 Storms blow the Mayflower off course July 1620 Samoset greets the Plymouth colonists 15th August 1620 The Mayflower Compact is written 23rd August 1620 Those on the Mayflower sight land th The Mayflower leaves Plymouth, 16 September 1620 England The ships leave Southampton 7th October 1620 Separatists settle in Leiden 9th November 1620 They must stop in Dartmouth for st 21 November 1620 repairs to the Speedwell The Native Americans and st 21 November 1620 Plymouth colonists hold Thanksgiving together 26th December 1620 The Mayflower anchors in Plymouth Harbour 16th March 1621 The Mayflower arrives in Cape Cod Autumn 1621 The Speedwell leaves the Netherlands and meets the Mayflower in Southampton The Mayflower Timeline • Match up the dates with the actions, to create a timeline of what happened to the people on the Mayflower. • Can you create a timeline of events that led to the Separatists leaving England? Try to include at least five dates. • Why did the Separatists decide to leave Leiden? • Why was the Mayflower Contract written at that time? • What had previously happened that meant Samoset could speak English? • Why was there a Thanksgiving harvest in the autumn of 1621? The Mayflower Timeline - answers 1609 Separatists settle in Leiden July 1620 The Speedwell leaves the Netherlands and meets the th 15 August 1620 Mayflower in Southampton The ships leave Southampton 23rd August 1620 They must stop in Dartmouth for 16th September 1620 repairs to the Speedwell The Mayflower leaves Plymouth, England 7th October 1620 Storms blow the Mayflower off course 9th November 1620 Those on the Mayflower sight land 21st November 1620 The Mayflower arrives in Cape Cod st 21 November 1620 The Mayflower Compact is written th 26 December 1620 The Mayflower anchors in Plymouth Harbour 16th March 1621 Samoset greets the Plymouth colonists Autumn 1621 The Native Americans and Plymouth colonists hold Thanksgiving together Would you rather govern…? The Constitution of the United States The Mayflower Compact 1620 1787 We the People of the United States, in Order In the name of God, Amen. We whose to form a more perfect Union, establish names are underwritten, the loyal Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King the common defence, promote the general James, by the Grace of God of Great Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and of the Faith, etc. establish this Constitution for the United Having undertaken for the Glory of God States of America. and advancement of the Christian Faith Article. I. and Honour of our King and Country, a Section. 1. Voyage to plant the First Colony in the All legislative Powers herein granted shall be Northern Parts of Virginia, do by these vested in a Congress of the United States, presents solemnly and mutually in the which shall consist of a Senate and House of presence of God and one of another, Representatives. Covenant and Combine ourselves Section. 2. together in a Civil Body Politic, for our The House of Representatives shall be better ordering and preservation and composed of Members chosen every second furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by Year by the People of the several States, and virtue hereof to enact, constitute and the Electors in each State shall have the frame such just and equal Laws, Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions and numerous Branch of the State Legislature. Offices from time to time, as shall be No Person shall be a Representative who shall thought most meet and convenient for not have attained to the Age of twenty five the general good of the Colony, unto Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the which we promise all due submission and United States, and who shall not, when obedience. elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which https://www.plimoth.org/learn/just- he shall be chosen. kids/homework-help/mayflower-and-mayflower- https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&d compact oc=9&page=transcript Would you rather govern…? Like the Mayflower Compact, The Constitution for the United States was written in order to provide an agreed set of laws and rights for the inhabitants. However, there are many fundamental differences – what are they and why has it changed? Which charter would you rather establish and govern? Why? Letters from the Pilgrims Imagine that you are one of the few pilgrims to survive the first year in America and have just had the first Thanksgiving. However, many of your family and friends are still back in England. Write a letter back home, talking about your experiences since you left. You can use the template below to help you.