Slide 1 Slide 2 Learning Outcomes • Fungi Kingdom • Protista Kingdom Eukaryotes: Fungi and Algae – Algae - photoautotrophs – Protozoa - chemoheterotrophs • Animal Kingdom -Helminths Lecture 14 • Metabolism • Reproduction • Structure • Pathogens ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 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____________________________________________________________________ Slide 3 Slide 4 The Fungi Mycology: The Study of Fungi • Eukaryotic • Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic • Chemoheterotrophic • Most are saprophytic decomposers – Feed on dead organic matter • Few pathogens • Myco = fungi Table 12.2 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 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____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Slide 5 Slide 6 • Hypha = unicellular Vegetative strand Growth Vegetative Growth • Septate – cross walls • A mass of hyphae is a • Coenocytic mycelium – No septae • Hyphae elongate at tips • Can extend 1 km in 24 • Aerial hyphae hours – Produce spores • Search for new organic • Sexual and Asexual matter to decompose • Absorb nutrients cycles • Fairy Rings • Vegetative reproduction via fragmentation Figure 12.2 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 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________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Slide 7 Slide 8 • Ascomycete Division Yeasts • Objective = Asexual spores • Unicellular fungi dispersal • Next generation • Facultative anaerobes genetically identical • Budding yeasts divide – Clones asymmetrically • Conidiospores – Saccharomyces cervisiae • Chain of cell sot – bud about 30 times enclosed – Aspergillus – Arthroconidia • Candida albicans • Blastoconidium • Dimorphic – Candida albicans Bl – Pseudohyphae mold=like • Sporangiospores o 25 C • Cells produced inside – Yeast-like 37 oC a sac Figure 12.3 Figure 12.1 • Thrush infections – Rhizopus ________________________________________________________________________ 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________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Slide 9 Slide 10 • Fusion of 2 nuclei from 2 different Sexual Spores Sexual Reproduction individuals • Next generation • Fusion of nuclei from different genetically mating strains different • Next generation • Sexual spore genetically formation basis for Zygo Asco different classification • Zygomycota • Zygospore resistant • Zygospore - resting stage Zygomycota • Following meiosis haploid spores •Ascospore produced from •Basidiospore Basidio Sporangiophores Figure 12.