Grammar Reference UNIT 1 Ellie: Hi, I’m Ellie. Jill: Are you here with friends? Lesson A Ellie: Yes, I’m with two friends. (2) Their Present Tense of be names are Hussein and Lucas. And you? Subject Pronoun Be Jill: I’m with my husband. (3) His I am name is Jose. You are Sam. Lesson C He / She / It is We are Be + Adjective Sam and Sara. They are Subject Be Adjective I am single. Contractions with be You are tall. I’m He is handsome. You’re Sam. She is young and short. He’s / She’s / It’s We are married. We’re Sam and Sara. They are old. They’re Questions with be Short Answers Possessive Adjectives Are you married? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. My name is Sam. No, he / she / it Your name is Sara. he / she / Yes, he / isn’t. Is old? His name is Alex. it she / it is. No, he / she / it is not Her name is Ana. Yes, they No, they’re not. Its name is Max. Are they tall? are. No, they aren’t. Our names are Yuki and Laura. *With yes short answers, don’t use contractions: Their names are Alex and Ana. Yes, I am. Yes, I’m. Yes, she is. Yes, she’s. A Underline the correct form of be. 1. I am / is a teacher. D Write the correct form of be, and the opposite 2. She is / are a teacher. adjective. 3. We is / are teachers. 1. I’m tall and my friend is short . 4. They am / are students. 2. They’re young and we are / ’re old . 5. This am / is my friend, Julia. 3. She’s single and he is / ’s married . 4. Bill is short with long hair and Sheila B Write the sentences with contractions. is / ’s tall with short hair. 1. He is Ruben. He’s Ruben. 2. I am Diego. I’m Diego. E Complete the conversation. Use contractions where possible. 3. You are Rebecca. You’re Rebecca. A: Hi! How’s it going? 4. They are Ahmet and Omar. They’re Ahmet and Omar. B: Great! And you? A: I’m fine. Are you here with Carol? C Write the possessive adjectives to complete the B: No, I (1) ’m not . Carol is at home. conversation. A: (2) Are you and Carol married now? Jill: Pleased to meet you. (1) My B: Yes, we (3) are . Are you and Nigel name’s Jill. married? T-170 Grammar Reference T170-T185_WE3_TB_Int_Grammar_Reference_ptg01.indd 170 2/3/20 5:42 PM A: No, we (4) ’re not / aren’t . • Use an before a word starting with a vowel sound: B: Is Nigel here? an artist, an engineer A: No, he (5) isn’t / ’s not . I’m here with a friend. • Don’t use a / an with plurals: teachers (not a teachers) UNIT 2 C Write a, an, or – (no article). 1. He’s a waiter. Lesson A 2. She’s a musician. an Negative Present of be 3. Bill is engineer. Subject Pronoun be + not 4. Sue is an artist. I am not 5. They’re – architects. You / We / They are not from Peru. 6. Nigella and Vanessa are – students. He / She / It is not 7. I’m a nurse. 8. Aran is an architect. Contractions with be + not 9. We’re – taxi drivers. ’m not I 1 0 . I’m not a student, I’m a teacher. You / We / They You’re / We’re / from aren’t OR They’re not China. Lesson C He / She / It isn’t He’s / She’s / It’s not Be + Adjective + Noun A Write these sentences with contractions. Statements 1. I am not married. I’m not married. Subject + be Adjective Noun China is a big country. 2. We are not from Egypt. We aren’t from Egypt. / We’re not from Egypt. Africa and Asia are big continents. 3. It is not a big country. It isn’t a big country. / It’s not a big country. Microsoft isn’t a small company. 4. They are not 50 years old. They aren’t 50 years old. / They’re not 50 years old. Amazon and Alibaba small companies. 5. He is not a grandfather. He isn’t a grandfather. / He’s not a aren’t grandfather. *The article comes before the adjective in singular B Write the negative present form of be. Use sentences. contractions. 1. A: Is Fatima an artist? Questions Answers B: No, she isn’t / ’s not . Be Subject Adjective Noun 2. A: Are David and Maria married? Is China a big country? Yes, it is. Africa and Yes, they B: No, they aren’t / ’re not . Are big continents? Asia are. 3. A: Are you single? Is Microsoft a small company? No, it isn’t. B: No, I ’m not . Amazon No, they 4. A: Is this car from Spain? Are and small companies? aren’t. B: No, it isn’t / ’s not . Alibaba Indefinite Articles (a / an) D Unscramble the sentences and questions. We often use a / an with a person’s job or occupation: 1. China / Is / a / country? / big a teacher, a student, an artist, an engineer Is China a big country? • Use a before a word starting with a consonant sound: 2. big / The / is / a / country. / United States a teacher, a student The United States is a big country. Grammar Reference T-171 T170-T185_WE3_TB_Int_Grammar_Reference_ptg01.indd 171 2/3/20 5:42 PM 3. is / a / Russia / country. / cold 2. swimming pool / backyard Russia is a cold country. Is there a swimming pool in the backyard? 4. Is / hot / Saudi Arabia / a / country? 3. stairs / your house Is Saudi Arabia a hot country? Are there stairs in your house? 5. country? / small / Belize / Is / a 4. garden / front yard Is Belize a small country? Is there a garden in your front yard? 5. three bedrooms / your house E Answer the questions. Are there three bedrooms in your house? 1. Is Mexico a cold country? 6. closet / bedroom No, it isn’t. It’s a hot country. Is there a closet in your bedroom? 2. Is Chile a big country? Yes, it is. Singular Nouns Plural Nouns 3. Is Vietnam a hot country? 1 house 2 houses Yes, it is. 1 bathroom 2 bathrooms With most nouns, add -s at the end of the word to make 4. Is the UK a small country? Yes, it is. it plural: house houses 5. Is Egypt a wet country? bedroom bedrooms No, it isn’t. It’s a dry country. With some nouns ending with the letters s, y, and o , add -es. With nouns that end in y, we also replace the y with an i. UNIT 3 bus buses city cities Lesson A potato potatoes Some plural nouns are irregular: man men There is / There are child children Statement Question Answers person people There is a Is there a Yes, there is. bathroom. bathroom? No, there isn’t. C Write the plural form. There are two Are there two Yes, there are. 1. apartment apartments bathrooms. bathrooms? No, there aren’t. 2. teacher teachers 3. university universities A Write the correct form of be to complete the schools conversation. 4. school tomatoes My apartment is small. There (1) are 5. tomato children four rooms. There (2) is a 6. child buses kitchen with a table and four chairs. There 7. bus women (3) is a living room with a sofa 8. woman and a TV. There (4) are two Lesson C bedrooms and there (5) is Use prepositions of place to say where a person, object, a bathroom between them. The apartment is on or place is. the tenth floor. There (6) isn’t a Prepositions of Place balcony, but there are a lot of windows. B Use the words to write questions about somebody’s house. Answers may vary. in on next to between under 1. bathroom / upstairs Is there a bathroom upstairs? T-172 Grammar Reference T170-T185_WE3_TB_Int_Grammar_Reference_ptg01.indd 172 2/3/20 5:42 PM D Complete the sentences with a preposition. UNIT 4 1. Lesson A Demonstratives Singular Plural These are not my books. This is your pen. Near Are these your Is this your dictionary? sunglasses? That is your bag. Those are not my dogs. Far The table is under the window. Is that your notebook? Are those your bags? 2. *Use this and these + noun to talk about things close to the speaker. Use that and those for things far from the speaker. A Match the words to the four pictures. this pen that pen these pens those pens 1. Your books are in my bag. 3. these pens 2. that pen The sofa is between two chairs. 4. 3. those pens 4. The lamp is next to the TV. this pen 5. B Write this, that, these, or those to complete the sentences. 1. There’s a red car over there. Is that car yours? Your bag is there. It’s on the table. 2. It’s right here. This bag is Michael’s. 3. Are these your books on this bookcase? 4. Those sunglasses are at my house. Grammar Reference T-173 T170-T185_WE3_TB_Int_Grammar_Reference_ptg01.indd 173 2/3/20 5:42 PM Lesson B Lesson C Possessive Adjectives Have, Has Subject Pronoun I you he she it we they Statements Negative Possessive my your his her its our their I / You / We / They have I / You / We / They don’t have Adjective a phone.