European Perspectives on International Cooperation for Sustainable Space Exploration Bernhard Hufenbach, ESA International Exploration Perspectives 4 - 6 December 2006 2nd International Space Exploration Conference Houston, Texas 1 06 December 2006 European Vision Space Exploration, A Global Societal Project Programmatic Framework International Framework Aurora Programme. International Strategic Framework for The objective of the Sustainable Space Aurora Programme is Exploration. first to formulate and then to implement a As global citizens, we European long-term explore space to expand plan for the robotic human knowledge, and human exploration extend human frontiers, of solar system bodies and serve society, holding promise for starting from the Moon traces of life. then going to Mars and beyond. Strategic Study Strategic Study Future of European Space Moon: the 8th Continent Exploration: Towards a Human Spaceflight 2025. European Long term Strategy. In 2025, Europe will begin to operate a Europe will implement a permanently manned visible, affordable and outpost on the Moon as robust space exploration part of a multi-decade, programme, driven by the international exploration long-term goal of the effort to serve humanity, in-situ exploration of Mars thus increasing our by humans, which creates knowledge and helping benefits for society, us to address the global engages other space- challenges of the future. faring nations through collaborative activities and, thereby, contributes significantly to societal development. 2 06 December 2006 European Interests Process for Consolidation of Strategic Approach STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS International Plans and Capabilities Scientists Industry Politicians Public Interests, Opportunities, Objectives, Priorities, Constraints ANALYSIS OF EXPLORATION THEMES Science- Economic- Policy- Inspiration- driven driven driven driven Architecture Consolidation Stakeholder Objectives and High-level Requirements ARCHITECTURE ANALYSIS Planetary surface Space transportation In-space ANALYSIS OF MISSION AND CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT ROADMAPS 3 06 December 2006 European Interests European Programmes - Robotic Missions MISSION CASSINI- HUYGENS SMART-1 Launch: 1997 MARS EXPRESS Mission end: Huygens-2005 Launch: 2003 Cassini-2009 Mission end: Launch: 2003 ROSETTA 2006 Mission end: VENUS US/ EUROPE/ 2007 EXPRESS CHÁNG‘É 1 CHANDRAYAAN ITALY Launch: 2004 EUROPE Mission end: 1 EXOMARS EUROPE 2015 Launch: 2005 Launch: 2007 Mission end: Launch: 2008 BEPICOLOMBO 2007/8 Launch: 2013 Destination: CHINA Destination: EUROPE Launch: 2013 Saturn/Titan Moon Destination: INDIA Mission end: EUROPE EUROPE Mars 2020 Mission Mission Destination: Destination: objectives: objectives: Mission Comet Moon Destination: EUROPE Exploration of Destination: Destination: Technology objectives: Moon Saturnian Venus Mars demonstration Mission Mission system. ESA’s Comparative of electric objectives: objectives: Mission component - Planetology, Destination: propulsion & Mission Lunar orbiter as objectives: Mission Huygens Exobiology & Rendezvous Mercury Lunar science objectives: pathfinder for Survey and 3-D objectives: Mercury probe - 3D cartography with and Global future lander, topography of Technology entered landing on investigation of sample return lunar surface demonstrations Mission atmosphere of Comet 67 International the evolution of and human including polar search for life, objectives: Saturn's P/Churyumov- partners: Venusian missions regions identification of largest moon, Gerasimenko Planet and Russia/Japan/ atmosphere hazards for Titan, and magnetosphere USA ESA’s role: future missions landed. International ESA’s role: investigation partners: Operations Some support International USA experiments International International partners: partners: NASA/ESA/ASI partners: NASA, Japan, Roscosmos Roscosmos T I M E 4 06 December 2006 European Interests European Programmes – Human Spaceflight EMCS Microgravity Science Launched Jul 2006 Minus 80 degree Glovebox (NASA) Freezer (MELFI) Launched Jul 2002 Launched Jul 2006 ATV Node 2 Launch mid 2007 Launch Aug 2007 Crew Refrigerator/ Data Freezer Rack (NASA) Management Launch tbd for Svezda Launched Jul 2000 2000 Columbus 2010 Material Science Launch 17 Oct 2007 2010 Laboratory Launch tbd with payload racks: Fluid Science Laboratory with external payloads: EuTEF European Node 3 (NASA) Transport European Launch Jan 2010 Carrier Drawer Biolab Cupola Launch Jan 2010 Rack European Physiology Solar ERA Module Launch Dec 2008 5 06 December 2006 European Interests Strategic Objectives Secure best return on investment in ISS Programme Secure European human access to space Support implementation of International Mars Sample Return mission Ensure that Europe acts as a significant player in global space exploration through – Development of enabling capabilities – Implementation of European-led international robotic mission – Promotion of broad societal engagement 6 06 December 2006 International Cooperation Past Cooperation with NASA Human Spaceflight Science Spacelab Ulysses HST SOHO Cassini-Huygens Cluster Mars Express Rosetta Herschel Planck LISA Pathfinder JWST LISA ISS 7 06 December 2006 International Cooperation Roadmap ISS Exploration Capabilities Cooperative capability development Joint ExoMars operations Co- of operative planetary missions infrastructure Cassini Huygens MSR Coordination of architectures and roadmaps International Exploration Roadmaps and Architectures 8 06 December 2006 International Cooperation Approach PLANNING AND PRODUCTS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION STEPS COORDINATION AND COOPERATION Exploration Goals & Objectives Global Strategic Framework Architecture INTERNATIONAL Requirements COORDINATION Global Reference Architecture Architecture Design Cooperative Capability Development Capability Development INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Exploration Cooperative Mission Implementation Missions 9 06 December 2006 International Cooperation Global Reference Architecture - Capability Mapping Early Robotic Earth Based EXPLORATION CAPABILITIES Capabilities Services Early Robotic Transportation Space Based Earth Based Planetary Surface Capabilities Services Services Operations Remote Sensing Crew Launchers Telecommunication Control centres Habitation Landing Cargo Launchers Navigation Launch sites Mobility and EVA support Surface Mobility Crew and cargo Remote Sensing Ground tracking Power provision & exploration vehicles management Drilling Interplanetary Space Weather Crew Medical centres Local resource Transportation transfer stages Forecast utilisation Sample Return Planetary descent Vehicle servicing Data handling & Logistic support and landing vehicles processing services Planetary ascent In-orbit assembly Engineering support Food production vehicles service Rendezvous and Education and Science/research Planetary Surface docking training equipment Operations Test facilities Robotic assistance Ground based research User Centres STATUS KEY: Demonstrated Capability Future Capability Heritage 10 06 December 2006.