ISSN 1211-3026 Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 62: 155-172, 2013 DOI: 10.2478/cszma-2013-0017 The fauna of Acalyptrate families Trixoscelididae, Chyromyidae and Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) in the Gemer area (Central Slovakia): supplement 2 Jindřich Roháček The fauna of Acalyptrate families Trixoscelididae, Chyromyidae and Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) in the Gemer area (Central Slovakia): supplement 2. – Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 62: 155-172, 2013. Abstract: In the second supplement to the fauna of the Diptera Acalyptrata of the Gemer area (Slovakia) new records from the Muránska planina National Park are given. Based on the material examined, records of 2 species of Trixoscelididae, 1 species of Chyromyidae and 68 species of Sphaeroceridae are presented, with comments about their general distribution, biology, faunistic and/or nature conservation importance. Chyromya miladae Andersson, 1976 (Chyromyidae) and six species of Sphaeroceridae, viz. Borborillus uncinatus (Duda, 1923), B. vitripennis (Meigen, 1830), Norrbomia hispanica (Duda, 1923), N. somogyii (Papp, 1973), Leptocera oldenbergi (Duda, 1918) and Minilimosina (Svarciella) guestphalica (Duda, 1918), are new additions to the fauna of the Gemer area; 31 other species of Sphaeroceridae are added to the fauna of the Muránska planina NP. All these seven faunal additions belong to significant species in the area due to their association with threatened habitats, general rarity or because occurring on new limits of areas of their distribution. Keywords: Diptera, Trixoscelididae, Chyromyidae, Sphaeroceridae, faunistics, nature conservation, Slovakia, Gemer Introduction Of the three families treated in this further contribution to the dipterous fauna of the Gemer area only one, the Sphaeroceridae, has been dealt with recently by Roháček (2011), while the synopsis of the Trixoscelididae and Chyromyidae of this territory is presented here for the first time. Because the additional field research performed in the Muránska planina National Park in 2012-2013 revealed a number species formerly (for history of research of Sphaeroceridae in the region see Roháček 2011) unrecorded, not only in the latter national park but also the whole of the Gemer area, the faunal results are presented below to update the inventory of the biodiversity of these groups in the regions under study. While the species richness of Sphaeroceridae in the entire Gemer territory was already considered to be relatively high by Roháček (2011), the biodiversity of this family in the Muránska planina NP has hitherto not been satisfactorily studied. The same is also true for Trixoscelididae and Chyromyidae which were, however, under investigated not only in the three national parks forming the Gemer area but also in the whole of Slovakia. Consequently, the results presented here form not only a supplement to the study by Roháček (2011) but also give information about two additional families previously not or only partly studied in this part of Slovakia. This additional study on the three Heleomyzoid families belongs to a series of papers devoted to Diptera of the Gemer area (cf. Ševčík & Kurina 2011a,b; Roháček & Ševčík 2011; Roháček 2011, 2012b,c, 2013; Černý 2012; Ševčík 2011, 2012; Rudzinski & Ševčík 2012). Material and methods The account of species of Trixoscelididae, Chyromyidae and Sphaeroceridae recorded below from the Gemer area is exclusively based on material obtained during fieldwork performed in the Muránska planina NP in 2012-2013 by J. Roháček, J. Ševčík, D. Kaspřák and M. Mantič. In 2012-2013 five Malaise traps and one emergence trap were used to collect flies apart from the general and individual collecting by means of sweeping and sifting methods. The precise situations of the traps in the Muránska planina NP are given below in „Study area“. All specimens were identified by the author and are deposited in SMOC = Slezské zemské muzeum, Opava, Czech Republic. The nomenclature used here follows the Checklist of Diptera of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, electronic version 2 (Jedlička et al. 2009), unless other sources are given. Species significant from the 155 biogeographical, ecological or nature conservation point of view are marked by “*”. Other abbreviations used in text: ET = emergence trap, MT = Malaise trap. The species from the families listed below were identified using the keys and other determination tools cited in the introductory texts to these families in the above checklist (Jedlička et al. 2009) unless mentioned otherwise. Each newly recorded species is provided with information about general distribution, biology, faunistic and/or nature conservation importance; in taxa already known from the study area these comments can be found in Roháček (2011). Study area The Gemer area is here understood as the territory of three national parks in central Slovakia – Muránska planina National Park (= NP), Slovenský raj NP and Slovenský kras NP. All these national parks represent well- preserved karst areas with a rich mosaic of ecosystems, where both montane and thermophilous species of plants and animals, including several endemics, occur. In the Muránska planina NP the following traps were operated: in 2012 two Malaise traps, one at the top plateau of Šiance res. (48°46'11''N, 20°04'14''E, 1000 m), the other near Muránska Lehota, in the Lehotský potok valley (48°42'58''N, 20°00'16''E, 455 m).In 2013 three Malaise traps and one emergence trap: a Malaise trap and an emergence trap in the Hrdzavá dolina res. (48°44'52''N, 20°01'04''E, 540 m), another Malaise trap on the top plateau of the Poľudnica res. (48°45'48''N, 20°01'55''E, 920 m), and the remaining Malaise trap in the upper part of the Čertova dolina res. (48°44'20''N, 19°51'27''E, 715 m). Synopsis of species TRIXOSCELIDIDAE This small acalyptrate group is here treated as a family following the Fauna Europaea (Woźnica 2011a) although it has been often considered a mere tribe or subfamily of the Heleomyzidae. Altogether 26 species belonging to the sole European genus Trixoscelis Rondani, 1856 have been recorded in Europe and adjacent areas, as included in the Fauna Europaea (Woźnica 2011a) but only five of them are known from Slovakia (Roháček 2009a, Woźnica 2011b). Two species of Trixoscelis are known from the Gemer area, one from the Slovenský kras NP (Martinek 1986), the other from the Muránska planina NP (Woźnica 2011b). Trixoscelis species probably have saprophagous larvae; two species are known to develop in blackbird's nests. Most Trixoscelis species are distinctly thermophilous with adults occuring in warm insolated sites, particularly sandy, steppe or forest steppe habitats. The nomenclature used here follows that in the Fauna Europaea (Woźnica 2011a). *Trixoscelis canescens (Loew, 1865) (Fig. 1) Literature: see Woźnica (2011b: Muránska planina NP: Voniaca). Material: Muránska planina NP, Poľudnica res., top plateau, MT, 9.viii.-18.ix.2013, 1♀, J. Ševčík et al. leg. Remarks: A generally rare European species, hitherto recorded from Spain, Andorra, ?Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, Czech Republic (Moravia), Slovakia, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania and NW part of European Russia species (Woźnica 2008, 2011a). The species has only recently been recorded from Slovakia (Wożnica 2011b), based on a single female swept in the Muránska planina NP. The second Slovak record (see above) also originates from this area. Based on records from the Italian Alps (Woźnica 2008) T. canescens seems to occur from submontane to subalpine situations and, consequently, the records from higher altitudes in the Muránska planina NP fall within this range. The species differs in this respect from most other members of the genus Trixoscelis (see above) which are markedly thermophilous. Trixoscelis frontalis (Fallén, 1823) Literature: see Martinek (1986: Zádiel). Remarks: Although this widespread W. Palaearctic species is the most common representative of Trixoscelis in Central Europe and also Slovakia, there are only infrequent records from the latter country including the single one from the Gemer area originating from the Slovenský kras (Martinek 1986). 156 Figs 1-3: Representatives of Trixoscelididae and Chyromyidae in the Muránska planina NP and their habitats. 1 – Trixoscelis canescens (Loew) (Trixoscelididae), female, dorsolaterally; 2 – Chyromya miladae Andersson, female, laterally; 3 – forest margin on southern limestone slope of the Poľudnica Mt., habitat of both these species. Photo by J. Roháček. 157 CHYROMYIDAE This is another family related to Heleomyzidae. A total of 59 species have been recorded in Europe and adjacent island areas (Ebejer 2004), but some additional species have since been added from this region (Ebejer 2005; Gibbs 2007); only five species are known from Slovakia (Roháček 2009b). The species from the latter country have been treated faunistically by Ebejer & Roháček (1995) but no species have hitherto been recorded from the Gemer territory. The nomenclature adopted here follows that in the Fauna Europaea (Ebejer 2004). Chyromyidae have saprophagous larvae, which have been found in the nests of birds and bat guano; a few species have been reared from wood debris. The majority of species are thermophilous. Adults of many species (particularly representatives of the genera Aphaniosoma and Gymnochiromyia) inhabit semi-arid habitats and saltmarshes and occur on flowering vegetation. Some Chyromya and Gymnochiromyia species seem to be associated with warm deciduous forests. * Chyromya miladae Andersson,