CITY OF KIGALI KIGALI ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRATEGY FINAL REPORT PREPARED BY: KIGALI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT (KIST) Avenue de l’Armee B.P. 3900 KIGALI – RWANDA Website :www.kist.ac.rw NOVEMBER 2001 Kigali Economic Development Strategy 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume 2: Main Report Abbreviations Rationale of the Study xix Profile of the Kigali City PERFOMANCE EVALUATION OF THE EXISTING ECONOMY AND AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES/ CONSTRAINTS AND COSTS/BENEFITS. SECTION 1: TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY 1.1. Rwanda Tourism – An Overview 1.2 Tourism in Kigali 1.3 Scope of the survey 1.4 Methodology of data collection 1.5 Findings 1.5.1 Origin and gender of visitors 1.5.2 Visitors’ destinations 1.5.3 Purpose of visits 1.5.4 Sources of information about Rwanda for visitors 1.5.5 Frequency of visits to Rwanda (Kigali) 1.5.6 Duration of (intended) stay in Kigali city 1.6 Visitors transport to and within Kigali Recommendation 1.7 Accommodation 1.8 Visitors expenditure on meals 1.10 Employee profile in the tourism & hospitality sector 1.11 Peak periods in the tourism & hospitality 1.12 Potential for growth in tourism and hospitality sector 1.13 Challenges to developing tourism and hospitality 1.14 Summary, conclusions and recommendations SECTION 2: INDUSTRY 2.0 Introduction 2.1 Objectives 2.2 Scope 2.3 Area covered 2.4 Industry 2.5 Commercial Services 2.6 Research findings 2.7 Industry profile of CoK 2.8 Employees’ profile in Industries 2.9 Raw Materials, Finished Products and markets served by Industries. Kigali Economic Development Strategy 2 2.10 Assessment of industry’s level of satisfaction 2.11 Recommendations SECTION 3: COMMERCIAL SERVICES: 3.1 Profile of commercial services 3.2 Employee’s profile in commercial services in the CoK 3.3 Assessment of district as a place for business 3.4 Effective factors affecting the growth of commercial services in CoK 3.5 Future planning 3.6 Factors hindering the growth of commercial services in the CoK 3.7 CoK and Commercial Services Recommendations SECTION 4: CONSTRUCTION 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Methodology 4.3 Profile of Construction firms in CoK 4.4 Recommendations SECTION 5: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Methodology 5.3 Research findings 5.5 Conclusions 5.6 Recommendations SECTION 6: AGRICULTURE 6.0 Introduction 6.1 Methodology 6.2 Agriculture in Kigali City 6.3 Relief, Climate and Rainfall patterns in CoK 6.4 Crop production and cultivated land area in CoK 6.5 People involved in Agriculture 6.6 Agricultural practices (methods) 6.7 Land ownership and tenure system 6.8 Constraints to agriculture development 6.9 Contribution of agriculture to the local economy 6.10 Suitability of Kigali city as a location for agriculture 6.11 Conclusions 6.12 Recommendations SECTION 7: GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTIONAL ACTIVITIES 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Methodology 7.3 Employment in Kigali City Kigali Economic Development Strategy 3 7.4 Employment by Government in Kigali City 7.5 Trends of formal employment in Rwanda & in CoK 7.6 Remuneration of formal employees in Kigali City 7.7 Conclusions and Recommendations PART B: EVALUATION OF THE INFORMAL SECTOR SECTION 1: STUDY ON ENHANCING WOMEN CAPACITY TO PARTICIPATE IN THE LOCAL ECONOMY (INFORMAL SECTOR) IN KIGALI CITY: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 The Current National Gender Policy 1.2 To study the role of women in the local economy 1.2.1 Reproductive role of women 1.2.1.1 Various Problems faced by women In raising the family 1.2.1.2 Strategies to minimize the above problems 1.2.1.3 Women involvement at community level 1.3 Eliminating Discriminatory Legal Provision and Institutional Practice 1.3.1 Legal Discrimination of Women at Family Level 1.3.1.1 Means of Livelihood for Women 1.3.1.2 Legal Discrimination against women-In the work place 1.3.1.4 Legal Discrimination against women- at the national level 1.3.1.5 Laws which Discriminate women 1.3.1.6 The ways in which the women are oppressed 1.4 To improve water supply, health care and home energy supply to reduce constraints on Labor participation 1.4.1.1 Percentage of population using electric power 1.4.1.2 Percentage of the population using other sources of energy in their homes 1.4.1.3 Availability of water 1.4.1.4 Distance to fetch the water 1.4.1.5 Time spent on fetching water 1.4.1.6 Lack of health facilities 1.5 To raise access to formal and informal education 1.5.1 Socio-economic gender gaps 1.5.1.1 Reasons for the dropout of girls in school 1.5.1.2 Strategies to minimize the school drop outs 1.5.1.3 Entrepreneurial opportunities available for women in CoK 1.5.1.4 Entrepreneurship development programme available for women in CoK 1.5.1.5 Knowledge of women on entrepreneurship development programmes in CoK 1.6 Ensuring the participation of women in decision making structure at all levels 1.6.1 Women’s participation in family resources usages in decision making 1.6.1.1 Decision on the use of family resources 1.6.1.2 Women participating in decision-making in the government 1.7 Changing perception of women’s role in society through ICT training and media Kigali Economic Development Strategy 4 1.7.1 Women and media 1.8 Strengthening women organisations to represent women interest 1.8.1 Findings 1.9 Approaches towards enhancing women capacity in development 1.9.1 Approaches towards enhancing women capacity 1.10 Recommendations SECTION 2 INFORMAL SECTOR (MICRO & SMALL BUSINESS) 2.0 Introduction 2.1 Definition and characteristics of small-micro enterprises 2.2 Contribution of small and micro-enterprises to the economy of Rwanda 2.3 Current government policies and program for small and micro enterprises in Rwanda 2.4 Data analysis and findings 2.4.1 Age of enterprises 2.4.2 Age and gender of the owner of the enterprises 2.4.3 Organisation of the business 2.4.4 Registration of small scale enterprises 2.4.5 Reasons for not registering their businesses 2.4.6 Number of people employed/business and their income generation 2.4.8 Ease of entry into business in an informal sector 2.4.9 Location of informal sector enterprises 2.4.10 Marketing of the products from informal sector 2.4.11 Level of education of entrepreneur in informal sector 2.4.12 Availability of machinery & equipment 2.5 Problems as prioritized by informal sector 2.6 Strategic policy consideration 2.7 Role of different stakeholders in developing the informal sector enterprises in Kigali city 2.7.1 The government role/role of Kigali authority 2.7.2 The role of informal sector enterprises as economic operators in CoK 2.7.3 Roles of other stakeholders in informal sector development in CoK SECTION 3: POVERTY REDUCTION & STREET CHILDREN 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Defining poverty and poverty alleviation 3.2.1 Demographic characteristics 3.2.2 Working population and employment level 3.2.3 Education levels 3.2.5 Household income levels 3.2.7 Shelter 3.2.8 Housing 3.3. Health infrastructure 3.4. Education 3.4.1 Technical schools 3.5 Characteristics of poor households Kigali Economic Development Strategy 5 3.6 Policies for poverty reduction 3.7 Proposed approach to poverty reduction and sustainable growth 3.8 Findings 3.9 Household Characteristics 3.10 Street children 3.11 Methodology 3.12 Experience from Botswana 3.13 Strategies 3.14 Recommendations PART C: ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INFLUENCED BY GOVERNMENT General Introduction SECTION 1: LAND USE AND OWNERSHIP 1.1.1 Land policy Action 1.1.2 The land players 1.1.3 Gender Groups 1.1.4 Land Requirements 1.2 Land Acquisition and Procedure. 1.2.1 Land Rent Tariffs 1.2.2 ``In Lieu’’ 1.2.3 land Administration Revenue, 1.2.4 land Record Keeping and Accuracy 1.2.5 Who Develops Land in the CoK ? 1.3 Comments and Recommendations 1.3.1 General Findings 1.3.2 Recommendations SECTION 2: INFRASTRUCTURE 2.1. Housing Situation 2.1.2 Housing Categories 2.1.2.1 Households 2.1.2.2 The homeless 2.1.3 House construction 2.1.3.1 Construction Costs. 2.1.3.2 Building Materials 2.1.3.3 Comments 2.1.3.4 Findings 2.1.4 Recommendation 2.2 Communication. 2.2.1 Telecommunication 2.2.2 Operations and Capacity 2.2.3 Tariff 2.2.4 Legal Guidelines 2.2.3 Recommendations 2.3 Transportation Kigali Economic Development Strategy 6 2.3.1 Road Transportation 2.2.1.1 Primary Roads 2.2.1.2 Secondary Roads 2.2.1.3 Roads network and Transit 2.2.1.4 Road Security 2.2.1.5 Public Transport at Station 2.2.1.6 Transport Capacity and Organisation 2.2.1.7 Findings 2.2.1.7 Recommendations 2.3.2 Air Transport 2.3.2.1 Import – Export Cargo 2.3.2.2 Cargo Cleorance 2.3.2.3 Air Traffic 2.3.2.4 Flight Passengers 2.3.2.5 Airport Expansion Plans 2.3.2.6 Recommendations. SECTION 3: ENERGY & WATER SUPPLY 3.1 Energy 3.1.1. Energy Utility – ELECTROGAZ 3.1.2 Country Energy Situation 3.1.3 Electricity Import/Export Trends 3.1.4 Electricity Generation 3.1.5 Electricity – Water Trends 3.1.6 Water – Electricity Consumption 3.1.7 Findings 3.1.8 Recommendations 3.2 Water Supply 3.2.1 Potable Water 3.2.2 Water Treatment 3.2.3 Trend of Water Supply for the CoK.