tìuw»' :fa<w y^aaafla? •Â Îj® t8iïB ,ÂiD '’iO'îfSÜÙÔÔÏl' ij*- 'îÇfcÎâilJâSXfVf i«l.t ? I Ü> \*Ü f'¿ í» ii‘ ^ ^,Uk|M i I ^ ' * £T?T£ijïföL5 ïi * t *1 :■» j J t Í * ^ ii^y^TTT^fV^ miîliâiâM Èà»ÎïmmmmÊàÈÎÈmâiààmtiiÎ^*iÊilUl^^^mM mtmmâiÊ*ÊiÈUM ÊÊ^Ê*làÈ^»limaÊÎÈiàÉIIÊmàÊ*mÊmÎtl^amiÙÊ^im^Êm^im± 'M&âwfâfâi *mmm A UNIVERSITY FOR EUROPE PREHISTORY OF THE EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE IN FLORENCE (1948-1976) ed. Jean-Marie P a l a y r f t with the assistance o f Richard Sc iir e u r s translated by Iain L. Fras er PRESIDENCY OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION AND PUBLISHING This book is dedicated to the sixteen hundred researchers of the European University Institute who have, from 1976 to date, wished to devote some crucial years for their training and their academic progress to a profound European experience. LIB 378.4 PAL CONTENTS Acknowledgements............................................................................... p ai, 9 Preface.................................................................................................... » | j Introduction............................................................................................ » 13 Archival sources-List of abbreviations used ................................ » 15 P a r t I 'T n i: s o w e r s o f id e a s ” : t h e r c x it s o f a Eu r o p e a n w o h e r EDUCATION EFFORT, 1948-55 ........................................ pai, ¡7 I - Initiatives of the pro-European movements........................ » 19 A) From the Congress o f Europe (The Hague, A fay ¡948) to the European Cultural Conference (Lausanne, December 1 9 4 9 ).................................! .................................................... » 19 H) The first achievements in the direction o f a European Cultural C om m unity................................................................. » 25 1) The European Cultural C e n tre ....................................... » 26 2) The College in B ru g es....................................................... » 30 II - A minor European role for universities............. ................ » 35 P a r t II Till- COMMUNITIES TAKE UP THE QUESTION OF THE EUROPEAN u n iv e r s it y , 1955-60 ................................................................... Pag. 41 I - The European University in the Rome Treaty negotiations » 43 II - Implementing the treaties: the project developed under Euratom auspices (1955-60).................................................... » 48 A) First official mention o f the European University in Article 9(2) of the Euratom Treaty................................................. » 48 3 B) The question o f legal interpretation................................. Pag. 50 C) Preparatory work and the Euratom Commission proposal » 5 4 D) The rejection o f the European University by the Community Councils (January - October 1959).................................... » 61 E) The European Parliament s action ....................................... » 67 111 - The work of the Interim Committee: a charter for the European University................................................................. » 69 A) The interim Committe ’s rem it.............................................. » 69 B) The Interim Committee Report (October 1959 - April 1 9 6 0 )............................................................................................ » 73 1) The European University in the strict sense ................. » 75 2) The “European Institutes” of higher education and research .................................................................................... » 80 3) The expansion of university exchanges........................... » 85 4) The University’s institutional infrastructure............. » 87 C) Adjournment of the Interim Committee Project at the EEC and EAEC Councils (June - July I 9 6 0 ) ................. » 93 P a r t III T h e EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY PROJECT IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION I - The University in Florence...................................... Pag. 101 A) The background to the headquarters question: Luxembourg or Florence................................................................................. » 101 B) The Italian diplomatic offensive and the choice o f Florence » 105 II - The “ Florence project” in the context of the Fouchet plan » 109 A) The origins o f the Fouchet P la n .......................................... » 109 B) Cultural Cooperation and the Study Committee .... » 111 C) The Bonn Declaration o f 18 July 1961: The “Italianhation” o f the Florence Institute........................................................... » 117 D) The reaction o f the supranational bodies.......................... » 122 4 1) The Commission’s determined, though qualified, involvem ent............................................................................ Pag. 122 2) The consistency of the European Parliament’s inter- ventions in favour of the Florence pro je c t...................... » 123 a) The EP's attachment to the Community legal frame- work for a European University.................................... » 123 b) The appropriate extent o f the European University's academic m ission............................................................. » 125 III - The action carried on by Italy (1961-5)............................ » 126 A) Italy's action domestically................................................. » 126 1) The organizing committee for the European University » 127 2) The Italian draft law setting up a Iiuropcan University in Florence............................................................................ » 142 li) Italy's action internationally................................................. » 143 1) The position of the States parties at the outset of negotiations............................................................................. » 145 2) The activity of the Pcscatorc working group .... » 146 3) The activity of the Sattlcr group ........................... » 148 C') The disappointing epilogue to the Bonn declaration . » 150 P a r t IV Tin: ij ir t h o f t h e Eu r o p e a n u n iv e r s it y in s t it u t e 1969-76 1 - History of the convention................................................ Pag. 155 A) The "relaunching o f the European University " ........ » 155 1) Conditions for the relaunch..................................... » 156 2) The Hague summit: a false s t a r t ........................... » 158 B) Agreement takes shape.................................................. » 160 1) Franco-Italian concertation........................................ » 160 2) The Florence and Rome intergovernmental conferences (1970-1)............................................................................. » 161 5 3) The meeting of national Education Ministers and the signature of the C o nvention............................................. Pag. 163 II - Content of the Convention........................................................ » 166 A) Modest ambitions..................................................................... » 166 1) The Institute’s tasks .............................................................. » 166 a) Its objectives........................................................................ >* 166 b) Specialization....................................................................... » 167 c) The researchers................................................................. » 168 b) “Diplomas” .......................................................................... » 168 2) The place of the Institute among European institutions » 169 B) Complex structures................................................................. » 169 1) Numerous bodies, specific p o w e rs.................................... » 170 a) The collective b o d ies........................................................ » 170 b) The individual authorities................................................. » 171 2) Relative au to n o m y .............................................................. » 171 3) Further development hard to predict.............................. » 172 C) Compromises............................................................................... » 173 1) The language q u estio n ........................................................ » 173 2) Financial q uestions.............................................................. » 174 III - S t a r t -u p p r o b l e m s a n d p r o s p e c t s f o r gr o w t h . Pag. 175 A) The Institute's profile: programmes, teachers, researchers » 175 B) Nomination of the Principal and Secretary....................... » 180 C) The buildings question: Villa Tolomei or Badia Fiesolana? » 185 Conclusion............................................................................................... » 189 Mens humilis ei term aliena. motto of students in medieval Europe "The establishment of Academics and Literary Societies, spread prodigiously in Italy and then throughout the Europe and was the source of emulation and taste ' die Sixteenth Century onward, began in Florence in >sl all genres. The Academics of France, of Germany, of l,Hl, took their model from Florence. Ei a word, the Sciences, Arts, Trades, even Roman Law, ' ve almost all of them to Florence, the mother of disco- and of establishments useful to humanity”. (Diderot, Encyclopedia) } 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Without the encouragements and good will we have enjoyed it would have been hard for us to follow such a long history with so many ups and downs. Our thanks