THE PAPERS OF John Peabody Harringtan IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME SIX A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: NATNE AMERICAN HISTORY, LANGUAGE, AND CULTURE OF THE NORTHEAsnSOUTHEAST EDITED BY Elaine L. Mills and Ann J Brickfield THE PAPERS OF John Peabody Harrington IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME SIX A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: Native American History, Language, and Culture of the Northeast/Southeast Prepared in the National Anthropological Archives Department ofAnthropology National Museum ofNatural History Washington, D.C. THE PAPERS OF John Peabody Harringtan IN THE Smithsonian Institution 1907-1957 VOLUME SIX A GUIDE TO THE FIELD NOTES: Native American History, Language, and Culture of the Northeast/Southeast EDITED BY Elaine L. Mills and AnnJ. Brickfield KRAUS INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS A Division of Kraus-Thomson Organization Limited White Plains, N.Y. ,I' © Copyright The Smithsonian Institution 1987 All rights reseroed. No part ofthis work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in anyform or by any means-graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or taping, information storage and retrieval systems-without written permission ofthe publisher. First Printing Printed in the United States of America @JTM Contents The paper in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Science- Permanence of Papers for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. INTRODUCTION VI / vzz Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Scope and Content ofthis Publication VI/vii Harrington, John Peabody. History ofthe Papers and the Microfilm Edition VI/viii The papers ofJohn Peabody Harrington in the Editorial Procedures VI / x Smithsonian Institution, 1907 - 1957. A guide to the field notes. Acknowledgements VI/xii "Prepared in the National Anthropological Archives, Department of Anthropology, National Museum of History, Washington, D.C." Vols. edited by Elaine L. Mills and Ann]. Brickfield. An official inventory for the microfilm edition of Harrington's NOTES TO RESEARCHERS VI/xv papers in the Smithsonian Institution, 1907-1957. Includes bibliographies. Using the Guide VI I xv Contents: v. 1. Native American history, language, and culture Using the Microfilm VI/xvi of Alaska/Northwest Coast-[etc.]-v. 5. Native American history, language, and culture of the Plains-v. 6. Native Note on Terminology VI / xviz American history, language, and culture of the Northeast/ Southeast. 1. Harrington,John Peabody-Archives-Microform catalogs. 2. Indians-Manuscripts-Microform catalogs. 3. Indians- Languages- Manuscripts- Microform catalogs. PHOTOGRAPHS VI / xzx 4. National Anthropological Archives-Microform catalogs. I. Mills, Elaine L. II. Brickfield, Ann]. Sequoyah VI/xx Z1209.H33 1981 [E58] 970.004'97 81-7290 ISBN 0-527-84243-5 (v. 1) Moswetuset Hummock, Massachusetts VI/xxi ISBN 0-527-84364-4 (v. 6) Gouverneur Morrison VI/xxi VI/vi Contents SERIES DESCRIPTIONS and REEL CONTENTS VI / 1 Algonquian VI / 1 Shawnee / Peoria VI / 7 Western Abnaki/ Eastern Abnaki/Passamaquoddy VI / 9 Massachusett VI / 20 Mahican / Stockbridge VI / 21 Northern Iroquoian VI / 28 Wyandot VI / 30 Delaware (Oklahoma and Ontario) VI / 37 Powhatan VI / 43 Cherokee VI / 46 Creek / Seminole / Alabama / Koasati / Choctaw VI/51 General and Miscellaneous Materials VI/53 APPENDIX VI/55 Introduction Abbreviations and Special Uses ofTerms VI/55 SCOPE AND CONTENT OF THIS PUBLICATION "A Guide to the Field Notes: Native American History, Language, and Culture of the Northeast/Southeast," is the sixth volume ofa ten-vol­ ume official inventory for the microfilm edition ofThe Papers ofJohn P. Harrington in the Smithsonian Institution, 1907-1957. This inventory supersedes any other published or unpublished finding aids describing the collection. Volume One covers Alaska/Northwest Coast, Volume Two covers Northern and Central California, Volume Three covers Southern California/Basin, Volume Four covers the Southwest, and Volume Five covers the Plains. Subsequent volumes of this inventory will be issued as each section ofthe microfilm edition becomes available, and will cover Harrington's field notes on Mexico/Central America/ South America. There will also be a volume on Harrington's notes and writings on special linguistic studies and one on his correspondence and financial records. At the completion ofthe project all the volumes will be issued in a cumulated hardbound edition. The materials described herein represent the results ofJohn VI/vii VI/viii John Peabody Harrington Northeast / Southeast VI/ix P. Harrington's study ofthe native languages and cultures ofthe East, a approximately one million pages were actually government property as region in which he worked primarily in the later part of his career as they had been created while her father was a federal employee. A sizable ethnologist with the Bureau of American Ethnology. The documents portion ofthese California-based papers was actually loaned on a long­ focus primarily on linguistic data and contain rehearings ofearly vocab­ term basis to the Department ofLinguistics at the University ofCalifor­ ularies as well as detailed studies of placenames. Because much of the nia, Berkeley, under the charge ofProfessor Mary R. Haas. After exten­ material is not based on original fieldwork, maps are not provided as in sive use there by several generations ofgraduate students in linguistics, previous volumes. cultural anthropology, and archeology, they were shipped to the Smith­ Only original documents created by Harrington, his co­ sonian during the period from 1976 to 1979. workers, and field assistants, or field notes given to him by others are Work on organizing the Harrington Papers began almost as contained in this publication. Related materials collected by Harring­ soon as the first boxes of documents arrived at the archives. Early in ton such as printed matter,journals, and booksare not included. Photo­ 1962, Catherine A. Callaghan, then a graduate student at U.C., Berke­ stats, microfilm and typed and handwritten copies of publications and ley, was hired on a temporary appointment to tackle the monumental manuscripts which lack his annotations have likewise been omitted. task of preparing a box list for several tons of notes. She spent several Some additional field notes from Harrington's work in the months identifying as many bundles as possible by tribe or language, at Northeast and Southeast may be housed among his papers at the Santa least down to the family level. Barbara Museum of Natural History. The anthropologists on the staff Refinement of this initial sorting was continued by the then plan to inventory and microfilm those documents, funding permitting. current archivist Margaret C. Blaker and later, in the early 1970s, by a Other smaller blocks of Harrington's papers can be found outside the member ofher staff,Jane M. Walsh. Throughout this period the papers Smithsonian Institution-notably at the Southwest Museum and the were available to researchers, some ofwhom were able to make sugges­ Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley-and additional tions for improving the identification ofsmall portionsofthe collection. items may subsequently come to light. This publication presently repre­ A new energy was infused into the work on the papers after sents the majority of Harrington's output in the area. the arrival in 1972 ofNational Anthropological Archives Director Her­ manJ. Viola. He not only encouraged the application of modern archi­ val methods to avoid the piecemeal efforts of the past, but also actively HISTORY OF THE PAPERS sought ways to improve the accessibility of the material to a steadily AND THE MICROFILM EDITION growing number of researchers. Encouraged by the interest ofa num­ The original documents comprising The Papers ofJohn Peabody Harring­ ber ofmicrofilm companies in publishing the papers on film, he decided ton are housed in the Smithsonian Institution's National Anthropologi­ in 1975 to submit a proposal for funding such a project to the National cal Archives (N.A.A.) where they were brought together after Harring­ Historical Publications and Records Commission (N.H.P.R.C.). ton's death in 1961. Some of the papers were already located on the A major consultant in developing the documentation for this Smithsonian premises in the archives of the Bureau of American Eth­ proposal was Geoffrey L. Gamble, then a Smithsonian Fellow doing nology (B.A.E.), having been deposited by him as individual manu­ work on Harrington's Yokuts field data. During his year at the archives, scripts while in the bureau's employ. Others were located at various he began integrating the Berkeley-based material with the material in warehouses in the Washington, D.C., area and elsewhere. Washington and compiled the first systematic inventory of the entire The great bulk ofthe papers was sorted in a numberofstorage collection. Through correspondence and attendance at meetings he locations in California by his daughter Awona Harrington and sent to helped to marshall support for the archives' project among members of Washington, D.C., over a period of several years. Although the lin­ the anthropological profession. guist-ethnologist had expressed the wish that his field notes be given to In December 1976 the Smithsonian Institution received a some institution in California, Miss Harrington recognized that the grant from the N.H.P.R.C. for the first year ofan envisioned five-year VI/x John Peabody Harrington Northeast / Southeast VI/xi venture, and work on the "Harrington Microfilm Project" officiall began. Herman J. Viola was the project director. Elaine L. Mills a~ sheets and slips. The contents offolders and envelopes might not match archives staff member who had already done considerable work on the outside labels if the containers had been reused. The fact that Harrington, for many reasons, was a poor docu­ Harrington's photographs, was chosen as editor. N ...A A arc h··IVISt James R. Glenn and Smithsonian linguist Ives Goddard agreed to act as menter of his own work posed yet another challenge to the effort to consultants to the project. identify, arrange, and describe the field data.