Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Politics of Charisma A Collection of Articles of Shaheed Z. A. Bhutto Reproduced by: Sani Hussain Panhwar Member Sindh Council, PPP Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 1 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Politics of Charisma Edited by Syed Abdul Quddus Reproduced by: Sani Hussain Panhwar Member Sindh Council, PPP Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 2 CONTENTS MESSAGE 1. Message from the Prime Minister of Pakistan Benazir Bhutto .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 2. Symbol of nation’s pride and honour Benazir Bhutto .. .. .. .. .. 9 ARTICLES 1. Introduction Syed Abdul Quddus .. .. .. .. .. 12 2. Charisma in Leadership Syed Abdul Quddus .. .. .. .. .. 14 3. Politics of Charisma Professor Sajjad Naseer .. .. .. .. .. 19 4. The Dependent Variable Professor Sajjad Naseer .. .. .. .. .. 23 5. The Bhutto Phenomenon Syed Afzal Haider .. .. .. .. .. .. 27 6. Attributes of a Revolutionary Leader Doctor M. R. Khan .. .. .. .. .. .. 31 7. Dead Bhutto Governs the Living, Valery Giscard D’Eastaing (Former President of France) .. 33 8. Living with the Bhutto Cult Likhari .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 37 9. Consensus and Ideology in Bhutto’s Politics Doctor S.M. Haider .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 3 10. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto-Quaid-e-Awam Ahmad F. Jivanjee .. .. .. .. .. .. 44 11. Bhutto and the Punjab by excerpts from a letter written by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto .. .. 47 12. Bhutto Remembered Mir Jamil-ur-Rahman .. .. .. .. .. 49 13. Remembering Bhutto Wajid Shamsul Hassan .. .. .. .. .. 52 14. In Remembrance Ikramus Saqlain Haider .. .. .. .. .. 56 15. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto: A Tribute Salman Taseer .. .. .. .. .. .. 59 16. To the Gallows Salman Taseer .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 17. Murdering the Mesiah Basharat Hussain Qizilbash .. .. .. .. 65 18. Soviet Union Warned Bhutto of U.S. plot against Him Khalid Hasan .. .. .. .. .. .. 69 19. How the World judged the judgment Parvez Ali .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75 20. Bhutto - in the Struggle of Life and Death Syed Amir Hyder Kazmi .. .. .. .. .. 80 21. At what time was Bhutto really hanged? Rashid Saeed .. .. .. .. .. .. 83 22. They could not kill Bhutto Raja Shahid Zafar .. .. .. .. .. .. 86 23. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto as seen by General Gul Hassan, Dr. Afzal Iqbal .. .. .. .. 89 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 4 24. Two Landmarks Farhatullah Babar .. .. .. .. .. .. 92 25. Pure Populist Politician Aitzaz Ahsan .. .. .. .. .. .. 96 26. Bhutto, Some Recollections M. Azim Khan .. .. .. .. .. .. 97 27. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Kashmir Professor Khan Zaman Mirza .. .. .. .. 100 28. Bhutto and the Making of 1973 Constitution Syed Afzal Haider .. .. .. .. .. 109 29. Bhutto Charter for Benazir I. A. Rehman .. .. .. .. .. .. 117 30. My Dearest Daughter Zulfikar Ali Bhutto .. .. .. .. .. .. 126 31. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto: The Victim of Western Imperialism Dr. Saadat Saeed .. .. .. .. .. .. 183 32. Zab: The Architect of Islamic Socialism Amjad Hussain .. .. .. .. .. .. 185 33. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Shaheed-A Great Intellectual Mirza Humayun Zaman .. .. .. .. .. 189 34. Bhutto: Leader of the Downtrodden Muazzam Khalil .. .. .. .. .. .. 192 35. Legend of Popularity Arslan Rariq Bhatti .. .. .. .. .. .. 195 36. Bhutto: The Man and the Enigma Muslitaq Ahmad .. .. .. .. .. .. 198 37. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto: Not an Ordinary Man Altaf Qureshi .. .. .. .. .. .. 202 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 5 38. Bhutto’s Charisma Lives on Wajid Shamsul Hasan .. .. .. .. .. 207 39. Did he Consolidate or Break Pakistan? Farhatullah Babar .. .. .. .. .. .. 210 40. Bhutto’s Legacy The Editorial “The Nation” Daily, April 4, 1994 .. .. 213 41. Nails in the Coffin of Democracy Hashim Raza .. .. .. .. .. .. 216 42. The Youthful Ideals of Z.A. Bhutto Zeno .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 221 43. Pindi Jail was not too old to be demolished Sadiq Jaffery .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 226 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 6 1 MESSAGE FROM THE PRIME MINISTER OF PAKISTAN BENAZIR BHUTTO Today we celebrate the 61st birthday of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Pakistan’s first directly elected Prime Minister and Founder-Chairman of Pakistan People’s Party. His life was a clarion call to the dispossessed and the down-trodden to rid them of despair by seizing control of their own destiny. He was a visionary and a statesman who saved Pakistan from disintegration after the military regime of Gen. Yahya Khan had left the country in the ashes of defeat. A nation demoralized by the disgraceful surrender at Dacca was revitalized and reborn as he took the nation to the heights of glory. He gave the country the only unanimous Constitution, the democratic, representative and Islamic Constitution of 1973, which became the rallying cry of the entire opposition during its battle against the usurpation of power by the military regime in 1977. Under his auspices, the second Islamic Summit Conference was held at Lahore where more Muslim Monarchs Presidents and Prime Ministers gathered than at any time in Muslim history. The measure of Muslim unity in his time was symbolized by the Muslim Heads of State and Government bowing in submission before Almighty Allah at Lahore’s Badshahi Mosque. It was here that he coined the term “Soldier of Islam” and considered every Muslim cause his own. During the Ramazan War, soldiers of Pakistan assisted Arab countries in their hour of need. He was a builder, and the concrete and stone monuments he built stand in silent memory to the era of progress and prosperity. He built not only monuments but modern Taj Mahals of development-- the Karakorum Highway, the Steel Mills, the Heavy Mechanical Complex at Taxila, the Mirage Rebuild factory. His voice was the voice of the poor and he broke the hack of an inequitable and exploitative system to give peasants land, and labour their right. He believed in the idealism of the youth and built colleges for them across every district. He built hospitals and technical complexes; he built the first fertilizer factory of South Asia in Pakistan. He carried the world development -- tarraqi which his enemies mocked at the time but were obliged to ape with the passage of time. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 7 He was a man of courage and integrity who believed that the honour of the people was his own honour. He was fearless in his defiance` of the military dictatorship refusing to compromise with them. He defied death and became a martyr. His suffering became the suffering of the nation, his victory in death, the victory of the nation; his martyrdom the inspiration of the democratic struggle as thousands of youth stepped forward with the battle cry “Jeay Bhutto ”. Throughout the world, his name reverberated in the homes of exiles, in the demonstrations for freedom, in the movements to overthrow dictatorship. He haunted the enemies of the people in the portals of power. State power’ state patronage, state machinery could not quell the tide waters of his idea and concept for freedom, dignity and an end to poverty. The triumph of the Party on November 16, 1988, was his triumph, and the triumph of all those, who believed in a modern scientific society where men and women moved to build a great nation. Such men as he live forever. He lives in each one of us, us who believe in peace, progress and prosperity. “Zinda Hai Bhutto, Zinda Hai ”. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 8 2 SYMBOL OF NATION’S PRIDE AND HONOUR – BENAZIR How do we pay homage to a martyr who was larger than life? Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Shaheed marched like a colossus across the world stage, articulating the aspirations of the down-trodden and dispossessed of the Third World. He challenged them to “arise” and seize their destiny, to break the shackles of exploitation and oppression, to hold high their heads in honour and dignity. With his defiant death, his great courage and heroic martyrdom he transcended the barriers of time and place and became embedded in the heart of history. A symbol of the nation’s pride and honour, a most charismatic leader of our times, pre-eminent among political leaders, he left an overwhelming effect on our generations and indeed his influence, his vision continues to serve as a beacon light ten years after he left this world. Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was the poetry and music of the people’s struggle. The quest for change and a new order based on justice and egalitarianism, an order free of exploitation, can be traced in his epic struggle. He spoke to the people in their language. He owed them his success. He was their undisputed leader. He freed the masses from the tyrants and brought a smile on the faces of those who had only known tears since the dawn of the Indus civilization. The most hostile propaganda spread over a decade, the opera of hate, could not erase his everlasting memory. As we sit today to reflect on the canvas of his life which was spent in a perpetual state of struggle and in the service of the people, we can examine the contours of the magnificent political awakening that he infused in the country. The span of his life was cut brutally short, yet his name became synonymous with many achievements -- with the Security Council, with Kashmir, with Tashkent, with China, with the prisoners of war, with the Simla Agreement, with the Constitution, with the Reprocessing Plant, with the Reforms with Roti, Kapra Aur Makan with Mochi Gate, with the Awami Era, with the slogan of “Jiye Bhutto ”. His passionate attachment to the dream of Islamic renaissance and to revive the pristine concept of Islamic brotherhood manifested itself in the historic Islamic Summit at Lahore. His genius at diplomatic maneuvering was dazzling. If he were to be judged only by that he might perhaps be considered the most brilliant statesman of his time. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Politics of Charisma; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 9 He was a reformist and gave a new direction to labour, health, education, engineering, peasants and uplift of women during his term.