GLOBAL CLIMATE OBSERVING SYSTEM SURFACE NETWORK MONITORING REPORT No. 6, April 2002 Monitoring Period: July to December 2001 Published in co-operation of Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Internet access to the GSNMCs under http://www.dwd.de/research/klis/gsn_mc/ Distribution List: • WMO Secretary General • President CBS • President CCl • WMO WWW Department • WMO WCP Department • WMO GCOS Secretariat Please, forward any questions or comments to Mr Stefan Rösner Mr Hidehiko Isobe Deutscher Wetterdienst Climate Prediction Division Department Climate and Environment Climate and Marine Department German GCOS-Office Japan Meteorological Agency Frankfurter Straße 135 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku D-63067 Offenbach am Main Tokyo 100-8122 Germany Japan Tel.: +49 69 8062 2762 Tel.: +81 3 3211 4966 Fax: +49 69 8062 3759 Fax: +81 3 3211 8406 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Contact for GSN data retrieval WORLD DATA CENTER A FOR METEOROLOGY Mr August L. Shumbera, Director Tel: +1 828 271 4445 WDC for Meteorology Tel: +1 828 271 4994 Federal Building Fax: +1 828 271 4246 151 Patton Ave., Room 120 ASHEVILLE NC 28801-5001 U.S.A. eMail: [email protected] WWW Home Page: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/wdcamet.html Contact Point for data requests: World Data Center for Meteorology, Asheville National Climatic Data Center Federal Building 151 Patton Ave., Room 120 Asheville, NC 28801-5001 or Telephone Numbers: Data Inquiries: +1 828-271-4800 Satellite Data Requests: +1 828-271-4850 FAX: +1 828-271-4246 eMail: [email protected] Homepage URL: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/wdcamet.html WORLD DATA CENTER B FOR METEOROLOGY Dr Marsel Z. Shaimardanov, Director Tel: +7 84 392 5181 WDC-B for Meteorology +7 84 392 0423 6 Korolev Str +7 95 255 2194 OBNINSK Fax: +7 95 255 2225 KALUGA REGION 249020 RUSSIA Internet: [email protected] WWW Home Page: http://www.meteo.ru/ Authors in alphabetical order: Tobias Fuchs (DWD/GPCC), Hidehiko Isobe (JMA), Christiana Lefebvre (DWD), Stefan Rösner (DWD), technical support by Jens Busche, and Volker Heil (DWD), editorial and layout support by Patricia Willing (DWD). Acknowledgement A great “thank you” to the staff of JMA and DWD not mentioned here who made this report possible. Contents SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 1 FINDINGS................................................................................................................... 3 1. BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 4 2. MONITORING METHODS...................................................................................... 6 3. MONITORING RESULTS....................................................................................... 7 3.1 GSN Station List ............................................................................................................. 7 3.1.1 Station Locations .............................................................................................................. 7 3.1.2 Discrepancies of GSN station list to WMO Vol. A ............................................................ 8 3.2 Timeliness ....................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Completeness ............................................................................................................... 10 3.3.1 Number and Percentage of all Surface Stations Reporting CLIMAT ............................. 10 Number and Percentage of GSN stations reporting CLIMAT ........................................................... 11 3.4 Correctness ................................................................................................................... 16 3.5 Quality check results.................................................................................................... 20 3.5.1 Precipitation .................................................................................................................. 20 3.5.2 Temperature .................................................................................................................. 21 4. REFERENCES ..................................................................................................... 22 5. LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................... 23 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................ 24 Annex I Terms and Definitions .................................................................................................. 24 AI.1 The CLIMAT Bulletin....................................................................................................... 24 AI.2 The CLIMAT Message.................................................................................................... 24 AI.3 CLIMAT Stations.............................................................................................................24 AI.4 GSN Stations .................................................................................................................. 24 AI.5 Availability ....................................................................................................................... 25 AI.6 Timeliness....................................................................................................................... 25 AI.7 Completeness ................................................................................................................. 25 AI.8 The GSN Data Set ..................................................................................................................... 25 Annex II Decoding and Error Detection..................................................................................... 26 Annex III Availability Monitoring and Performance Indicator .................................................. 28 AIII.1 Availability Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 28 AIII.2 Performance Indicators ............................................................................................................ 28 Annex IV Quality Monitoring and Quality Control ..................................................................... 30 AIV.1 QC at DWD.............................................................................................................................. 30 AIV.2 QC at JMA ............................................................................................................................... 33 Annex V GCOS Surface Network (GSN) Station List (Status: December 2001) .......................... 34 AV.1 GCOS Surface Network (GSN) station list (Status: December 2001)...................................... 35 AV.2. Changes to GSN list ................................................................................................................ 58 AV.3 Spatial distribution of GSN stations .......................................................................................... 60 Annex VI: List of differences of the GSN station list (Status: December 2001) to WMO Vol. A as of October 29th 2001 ..................................................................................................... 61 Annex VII: Monitoring information for GSN stations ....................................................................... 64 TABLE AVII.3: GSN STATIONS FLAGGED 4 (‘MODIFIED’) OR 5 (‘DELETED’) IN QC REGARDING MONTHLY PRECIPITATION TOTALS ....................................... 69 TABLE AVII.4: GSN STATIONS FLAGGED 4 (‘MODIFIED’) OR 5 (‘DELETED’) IN QC REGARDING MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE ........................................... 70 WMO- 70 TABLE AVII.5: PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR GSN STATIONS ................. 71 Annex VIII Examples for CLIMAT bulletins and messages of correct format .............................. 77 Annex IX The detailed error lists....................................................................................................... 79 Annex X The GSN Data Set .........................................................................................................80 Summary The GCOS Surface Network Monitoring Centre (GSNMC), implemented by the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started its activities by monitoring the availability of CLIMAT messages distributed over the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) (GCOS-53). The monitoring of the quality of included temperature and precipitation data at JMA and DWD respectively started in January 2000. As a fundamental step before starting the monitoring processes the station meta data needed to be checked. In Chapter 3.1 the results of checking the station meta data are given. Discrepancies in the station meta data from different sources reported in previous reports are still existing. 12 GSN stations were still not included or marked as CLIMAT(C) for surface stations or CLIMAT(CT) for upper air stations in the reference list WMO Vol. A. According to WMO regulations, CLIMAT messages should be dissemi nated until the 5th day, but not later than the 8th day of the following month. Chapter 3.2 shows that in 2001 on the average about 44% (year 2000: 35%) of GSN CLIMAT messages have been received until the 5th day and about 52% (46%) until the 8th day. The percentage of CLIMAT messages received by day 21, 00 UTC