6 ENHANCING CAPACITY FOR LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (EC- LEDS) CLEAN ENERGY PROGRAM COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT NO. 114-A-13-00008 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT NO. 114-A-13-00008 APRIL 2017 This publication was produced for review by the United States AgencyMITIGATION for International MEASURES FOR Development.WASTE SECTOR It I was prepared by Winrock International in cooperation with Sustainable Development Centre Remissia ENHANCING CAPACITY FOR LOW EMISSION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (EC-LEDS) CLEAN ENERGY PROGRAM MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR April 2017 DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR II TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................................. iii Figures ................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Tables................................................................................................................................................................................... iv Acronymes .......................................................................................................................................................................... v 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Low emission development pathway ............................................................................................................. 1 References ......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Annex 1. Separation/recycling of specific waste streams ......................................................................................... 1 1.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Portable batteries (NiMH, NiCd, Li-ion etc.) .............................................................................................. 1 1.2.1. GHG/recycling potential ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2.2. mitigation measures .................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3. Automotive batteries (accumulators) - PbA ................................................................................................ 6 1.3.1. GHG/recycling potential ............................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................... 6 1.4. Tires ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4.1. GHG/recycling potential ............................................................................................................................ 9 1.4.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................... 9 1.5. Waste oils ........................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.5.1. GHG/recycling potential .......................................................................................................................... 12 1.5.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................. 12 1.6. Waste from electrical/electronic equipment (WEEE) ............................................................................. 15 1.6.1. GHG/recycling potential .......................................................................................................................... 15 1.6.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................. 17 1.7. End-of-life-vehicles (ELV) ................................................................................................................................ 19 1.7.1. GHG/recycling potential .......................................................................................................................... 19 1.7.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................. 19 1.8. Packaging waste ................................................................................................................................................. 21 1.8.1. GHG/recycling potential .......................................................................................................................... 21 1.8.2. Indirect mitigation measures .................................................................................................................. 23 1.9. Total quantities collected – GHG emissions avoided (2030) ................................................................ 25 1.10. Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................ 26 1.11. References .......................................................................................................................................................... 26 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR III FIGURES FIGURE 1. AVERAGE CTG CO2 EMISSIONS ± ONE STANDARD DEVIATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A KG OF VARIOUS BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES .................................................................................................................................... 2 FIGURE 2. WEEE DISTRIBUTION IN EU (2005) ........................................................................................................................... 16 TABLES TABLE 1. CO2 REDUCTION POTENTIAL BY RECYCLING OF VARIOUS TYPES OF BATTERIES ..................................................... 2 TABLE 2. MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF ALKALINE BATTERIES ....................................................................................................... 3 TABLE 3. PORTABLE BATTERIES COLLECTION TARGETS – GHG AVOIDED ................................................................................ 3 TABLE 4. TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF A PBA BATTERY ................................................................................................................. 6 TABLE 5. COLLECTION TARGETS FOR PBA BATTERIES (ACCUMULATORS) – GHG AVOIDED ................................................ 6 TABLE 6. TIRES COLLECTION TARGETS - GHG AVOIDED ............................................................................................................ 9 TABLE 7: WASTE OILS COLLECTION TARGETS - GHG AVOIDED .............................................................................................. 12 TABLE 8. GHG EMISSIONS FROM EEE (MANUFACTURING, USAGE, RECYCLING) .................................................................... 16 TABLE 9: WEEE COLLECTION TARGETS ....................................................................................................................................... 17 TABLE 10: ELV COLLECTION TARGETS - GHG AVOIDED .......................................................................................................... 19 TABLE 11: GHG EMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS PACKAGING MATERIALS....................................................................................... 22 TABLE 12: PACKAGING WASTE QUANTITIES IN EU COUNTRIES ............................................................................................... 22 TABLE 13: PACKAGING WASTE COLLECTION TARGETS - GHG AVOIDED .............................................................................. 23 TABLE 14: TOTAL QUANTITIES AND INDIRECT GHG EMISSIONS (AVOIDED) OF SPECIFIC WASTE STREAMS (2030) .......... 25 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR IV ACRONYMES BAU Business as Usual CH4 Methane CO2 Carbon Dioxide EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EC-LEDS Enhancing Capacity for Low Emissions Development LEDS Low Emissions Development Strategy IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change N2O Nitrous Oxide UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Gg Gigagram (109 grams =103 tons) MITIGATION MEASURES FOR WASTE SECTOR V 1 INTRODUCTION This report covers description of emission mitigation measures for waste sector. These descriptions will be included into the Low Emissions Development Strategy (LEDS) as a component part of its Waste chapter. Measures to be taken for GHG emission mitigation in waste sector are presented in form of tables in this chapter. The list of measures is largely based on 2016-2030 National Waste Management Strategy