E1566 V4 ESIA o f the Kaliti Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewer Lines Expansion and Rehabilitation Project 2013 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT AND SEWER LINES EXPANSION AND REHABILITATION IN THE KALITI CATCHMENT Public Disclosure Authorized (Final Report)\ (Volume I) Public Disclosure Authorized Client: Addis Ababa Water and Sewerage Authority (AAWSA) Water, Sanitation Rehabilitation and Development Project Office Public Disclosure Authorized Consultant: Beles Engineering P.L.C (Experts in Water, Land & Environment) October 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized Addis Ababa, Ethiopia i Consultants: Beles Engineering PLC ESIA of the Kaliti Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewer Lines Expansion and Rehabilitation Project 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................................. II LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................ VI LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................................... VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................. IX ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................................................... X EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ XII 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 OBJECTIVE OF ESIA STUDY ................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 General Objective ......................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Specific Objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4.1 Scoping Method ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.4.2 Baseline Investigation Methods .................................................................................................................... 3 1.4.3 Environmental and Socio-economic Impact Assessment Methodology ........................................................ 4 2 POLICY, LEGISLATION AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .............................................................. 7 2.1 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS .......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 National Environmental Protection Authority .............................................................................................. 7 2.1.2 Regional Environmental Agencies ................................................................................................................ 7 2.1.3 Sectoral Environmental Units ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 NATIONAL POLICY AND STRATEGIES ..................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (Proc. No.1 /1995) ................................ 8 2.2.2 Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia (1997) .................................................................................................... 9 2.2.3 Environmental Policy of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1997) ........................................... 9 2.2.4 National Policy on Biodiversity Conservation and Research (1998) ........................................................... 9 2.2.5 Sectoral Policies ......................................................................................................................................... 10 2.3 RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS AND REGULATIONS ....................................................................... 11 2.3.1 Proclamation for the Establishment of Environmental Protection Organs No. 295/2002 .......................... 11 2.3.2 Proclamation on Environmental Impact Assessment No. 299/2002 ........................................................... 11 2.3.3 Proclamation on Environmental Pollution Control No. 300/2002 ............................................................. 12 2.3.4 Industrial Pollution Regulation No. 159 /2008 ........................................................................................... 12 2.4 INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................... 12 2.4.1 Administrative Framework ......................................................................................................................... 12 2.5 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES .................................................................................................................. 14 2.6 ESMF AND RPF REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.6.1 ESMF Requirements ................................................................................................................................... 15 2.6.2 RPF Requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 15 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................................... 17 3.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 17 ii Consultants: Beles Engineering PLC ESIA of the Kaliti Wastewater Treatment Plant and Sewer Lines Expansion and Rehabilitation Project 2014 3.2 COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................................ 18 3.2.1 The Sewer Lines .......................................................................................................................................... 18 3.2.2 Existing Wastewater Treatment Plant ......................................................................................................... 24 3.2.3 Proposed Technology for the New WTP ..................................................................................................... 28 3.3 DOWNSTREAM AREAS FROM THE TREATMENT PLANT ........................................................................................ 48 3.3.1 Farming Areas ............................................................................................................................................ 48 3.3.2 Settlement Area ........................................................................................................................................... 48 3.3.3 Riparian Vegetation .................................................................................................................................... 48 4 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS ............................................................................ 50 4.1 THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................................ 50 4.1.1 Topography and Drainage .......................................................................................................................... 50 4.1.2 Land use / land cover .................................................................................................................................. 51 4.1.3 Climate ........................................................................................................................................................ 54 4.1.4 Hydrology ................................................................................................................................................... 56 4.1.5 Geology ....................................................................................................................................................... 56 4.1.6 Water Resource and Quality ....................................................................................................................... 62 4.1.7 Wastewater Quality ....................................................................................................................................