FEBRUARY 2014 A NEWSLETTER OF LEWIS anD CLARK NATIOnaL HISTORIC TRAIL Volcanoes of Lewis and Clark pg. 6 amended to create new categories of trails, (B) It must be of national significance such as National Historic Trails or to change with respect to any of several broad facets From the Superintendent specific aspects of the law. In 1978 the act of American history, such as trade and was amended to create the second group of commerce, exploration, migration and trails, four historic and one scenic. Included settlement, or military campaigns. To qualify as nationally significant, historic use of the in this group was the Lewis and Clark National Trails System Act trail must have had a far reaching effect on National Historic Trail. In 2009, the Act was The Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, a trail broad patterns of American culture. Trails amended to allow historic trails to acquire of approximately three thousand seven hundred miles, significant in the history of Native Americans land from willing sellers. Today, the Trails may be included. extending from Wood River, Illinois, to the mouth of the Columbia River in Oregon, following the outbound and Act is currently 32 pages long. (C) It must have significant potential for inbound routes of the Lewis and Clark Expedition depicted public recreational use or National Historic Trails on maps identified as, 'Vicinity Map, Lewis and Clark Trail' historical interest based are those which closely study report dated April l977. The map shall be on file and on historic interpretation follow historic routes. To available for public inspection in the office of the Director, and appreciation. The qualify for designation as a National Park Service, Washington, D.C. The trail shall potential for such use is be administered by the Secretary of the Interior. No land National Historic Trail they generally greater along roadless segments developed or interest in land outside the exterior boundaries of any must meet three criteria as as historic trails and at federally administered area may be acquired by the Federal Mark Weekley, Superintendent set forth in Section 5 of the historic sites associated Government for the trail except with the consent of the owner Act: with the trail. The presence of the land or interest in land. The authority of the Federal Government to acquire fee title under (A) It must be a trail or of recreation potential route established by historic this paragraph shall be limited to an average of not more than 1/4 mile on either side of the trail. not related to historic use and must be historically appreciation is not sufficient significant as a result of justification for designation that use. The route need under this category. The language above, from the National Trails Long distance trails are designated by acts not currently exist as a discernible trail to qualify, System Act’s 1978 amendment, directed of Congress. This typically occurs after but its location must be the creation the Lewis and Clark National extensive study and public input. However, Addressing these three sufficiently known to Historic Trail and provided critical guidance the enabling legislation for long distance permit evaluation of public criteria thoroughly and to to those charged with administrating it. trails, including the Lewis and Clark the satisfaction of Congress recreation and historical National Trails System Act of 1968 While this amendment to the Act is only a National Historic Trail, is a bit different than interest potential. A designated is a very high hurdle. The few sentences long, it has profound impact the legislation for most “traditional” NPS trail should generally accurately follow the Act actually specifies in detail 10 steps that on how the trail is administered. The rest areas. Unlike the legislation for most NPS historic route, but may deviate somewhat must be followed to determine if a proposed of the act also contains important guidance areas, national trails are created by amending on occasion of necessity to avoid difficult historic trail actually meets the three criteria routing through subsequent development, or and direction that applies to all long distance listed above. For a number of reasons it the National Trails System Act of 1968. to provide some route variations offering a trails. There are also many other laws and appears that this hurdle has become harder The Trails Act was first passed in 1968 more pleasurable recreational experience. regulations that come into play regarding Such deviations shall be so noted on site. Trail to meet today than in the past. Fortunately, and created the first two National Scenic how trails should be administered. However, segments no longer possible to travel by trail in 1978, Congress agreed that the Lewis and Trails (NST); the Appalachian NST and the if you want to have a better understanding of due to subsequent development as motorized Clark Trail met the criteria to be a National Pacific Crest NST. In later years the act was the legal side of national trails, a great place transportation routes may be designated and Historic Trail. ■ to start is by reading the National Trails amended many times to add new trails for marked onsite as segments which link to the System Act. a current total of 30. The act has also been historic trail. 2 The Trail Companion Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail 3 When you volunteer it means you give yourself without any regression, without condition, but with full devotion.” Volunteers-in-Action ~Faith Tomaquin On Monday, January 27, 2014, the quarterly presented Persis with a Charbonneau awards social took place at the Lewis and Pendleton Blanket on behalf of the volunteer 9,063 Hours of Service Clark Interpretive Center (Center) in corps and staff, as a token for her service Great Falls, Montana. The event included a and friendship. Jane Weber, former Center recognition awards ceremony and a potluck Director, presented Persis with the prestigious luncheon. Several volunteers received “Jeffersonian Award.” This award has only recognition for the countless hours donated been given twice since the Center's opening in to the Center. 1998. Elizabeth Casselli, U.S. Forest Service, presented Persis with the “President’s Call The to Service Award,” along with a letter signed by President Obama and a letter signed by Thomas Tidwell, Chief of the U.S. Forest Service. President Obama’s Volunteers enjoying the evening. words were highlight of the day was the recognition of “Thank Persis Webster of Great Falls, Montana retires after 15 years and 9,063 hours of Volunteer Service at the Persis Webster for her 15 years of dedicated Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center you for service to the Center. She has volunteered a your total of 9,063 hours for the U.S. Forest Service devotion at the Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center in to service Great Falls, Montana from its opening in May and for Persis Webster is recognized by Volunteers are the lifeblood of the Lewis so many ways, like Ms. Webster. Join me in 1998, until her retirement in December 2013. Elizabeth Casselli. doing all and Clark National Historic Trail. They celebrating Persis Webster, who gave 9,063 During her tenure Persis amassed more volunteer hours than any of her peers. She selflessly dedicate their lives for the hours of her time to the Lewis and Clark you can to shape a better has served as exhibit hall docent, trail docent, betterment of the organization and the National Historic Trail Interpretive Center tomorrow for our great education volunteer, special event volunteer, community. Lewis and Clark National in Great Falls, Montana. She is a testament Nation.” Persis is the and in a behind-the-scenes capacity and Historic Trail applauds Volunteer Managers to the power of service. Congratulations on first Interpretive Center has done special talks, teaching and leading your retirement, Persis! Volunteer to receive this along the trail who honor and celebrate students and adults (both indoors and esteemed recognition. ■ their volunteers. Volunteers give so much in Nichole McHenry, outdoors), answering visitor questions, Volunteer Program Manager answering the telephone, typing, data entry in Access and Excel, and more. By Bob Brown, Resource Assitant U.S. Forest Service, Lewis and Clark Supervisory Interpreter Jeff LaRock Interpretive Center. Great Falls, Montana. 4 The Trail Companion Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail 5 18 Trailscapes Volcanoes of Lewis and Clark WASHINGTON by Ryan M. Cooper, Geographer MOUNT RAINIER in Washington is the highest of the Cascade peaks seen by Lewis and Clark, at During their outbound expedition to the 14,410 feet. It first erupted about half a million Mt. Rainer Pacific Ocean, the Corps of Discovery years ago and is known to have erupted as Photo by Daniel Keebler encountered many landscapes and geologic recently as the 1840s. Due to its proximity to the features with which they were completely populous Seattle-Tacoma, Washington area, it is unfamiliar. In October of 1805, Lewis and potentially the most dangerous of the Cascade Clark and the Corps of Discovery first volcanoes. Photo by Lyn Topinka traveled down the Clearwater, Snake, and At 12,276 feet, MOUNT ADAMS in Washington Columbia Rivers and into the volcanic Pacific Mt. St. Helens Mt. Adams Northwest region. As they entered this new is one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade region, they encountered the unique lava Range. Lewis and Clark described Mt. Adams as flows of the Columbia Plateau, chiseled a “high humped Mountain”. It has erupted less Photo by Benjamin Zingg landscapes carved by the floods of glacial frequently during the past few thousand years Lake Missoula, and the monumental beauty of than the neighboring volcanoes. five volcanoes in the Cascade Range.