Urban Governance Volume 1 Paper Series Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Danga Mughogho, South African Cities Network ........................................................................................ 3 POSITIVE RIGHTS AND SERVICE DELIVERY ............................................................................................. 5 Components of Rights-based Urban Service Delivery ............................................................................ 6 Marius Pieterse, Professor of Law, University of the Witwatersrand .......................................................... 6 Overview of the Constitutional, Legal and Policy Framework ................................................................ 6 Overview of the Case Law ....................................................................................................................... 9 Analysis ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Reflections: What’s Missing? ................................................................................................................ 14 References ............................................................................................................................................ 16 The Progressive Realisation of Socio-economic Rights ......................................................................... 18 Dr Sam Koma, HOD: Research, Milpark Business School ........................................................................... 18 The Mandate of Cities ........................................................................................................................... 18 The Findings of the Courts .................................................................................................................... 19 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 23 References ............................................................................................................................................ 23 ACCOUNTABILITY, DEMOCRACY AND PARTICIPATION ......................................................................... 25 Making Participation Meaningful ....................................................................................................... 26 Nazreen Kola and Luke Jordan ................................................................................................................... 26 A Full and Complete Legal Framework ................................................................................................. 26 A Failed Equilibrium in Practice ............................................................................................................ 27 How to Break the Equilibrium ............................................................................................................... 29 The Role of Technology ......................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusion: Outcrops of Promise ......................................................................................................... 34 References ............................................................................................................................................ 35 South Africa’s Tools for Urban Public Participation ............................................................................. 37 Kevin Foster ................................................................................................................................................ 37 Ward Committees and IDPs .................................................................................................................. 38 Other Tools for Public Participation ...................................................................................................... 40 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 46 References ............................................................................................................................................ 46 Lost in the Afrikan City: The role of youth in decolonising Afrikan urban development ........................ 48 Baba Amani Olubanjo Buntu, Executive Director, eBukhosini Solutions.................................................... 48 Afrikan Youth and Lessons from Fallism ............................................................................................... 49 Coloniality in the Afrikan City ............................................................................................................... 50 Decoloniality in the Afrikan City ........................................................................................................... 51 Conversations with Young People about Urban Development ............................................................ 53 Recommendations for Involving Afrikan Youth in Urban Development .............................................. 54 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 56 References ............................................................................................................................................ 57 ADMINISTRATION, FINANCE AND GOVERNANCE ................................................................................ 59 Building Capacity for the Governance of Space: the case of Johannesburg’s BRT .................................. 60 Jesse Harber ............................................................................................................................................... 60 Spatial Context: Apartheid and the Governance of Space ................................................................... 60 Spatial Mismatch and Public Transport ................................................................................................ 62 Metropolitanisation, Unicities and the Governance of Space in South Africa ..................................... 63 The Case of Johannesburg’s Rea Vaya .................................................................................................. 64 The Consolidation of Urban Governance .............................................................................................. 66 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................. 67 References ............................................................................................................................................ 68 Power Dynamics in Municipal Governance: Insights from the City of Johannesburg ............................. 70 Colleen Lethu Masango .............................................................................................................................. 70 Politicians and Bureaucrats................................................................................................................... 70 Bureaucrats, Politicians and the Developmental State ........................................................................ 73 The Political/Administrative Interface in Johannesburg....................................................................... 75 Case Study: Johannesburg Economic Transformation Committee ...................................................... 76 Analysing the Failure of the ETC: Lessons for the Bureaucratic/ Political Interface ............................. 77 Conclusion: Complementary or Growing Apart? .................................................................................. 81 References ............................................................................................................................................ 82 PRIVATE SECTOR AND INNOVATION ................................................................................................... 84 The Private Sector and Urban Governance in South Africa: The engagement nexus ............................. 85 Mfaniseni Fana Sihlongonyane (University of the Witwatersrand) and Adaorah Iloanya (Centre for Municipal Research and Advice) ................................................................................................................ 85 Literature Review .................................................................................................................................. 85 Competing Models of Urban Governance ............................................................................................ 87 The South African Response: Urban Policy Formulations to Promote Business-Enabling Cities ......... 88 Private Sector–Municipal Relationships in Cape Town and eThekwini ................................................ 89 Conclusion and Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 93 References ............................................................................................................................................ 94 List of Acronyms ...............................................................................................................................