The Texas Observer SEPT. 30 1966 A Journal of Free Voices A Window to The South 25c The Politics of HemisFair-- • And of San Antonio San Antonio HemisFair is what the president of San Antonio's chamber of commerce has mil- k, "this great excitement." But so far this bilingual city's 1968 international exposi- tion, "a half-world's fair," has caused more of the kind of excitement that terrifies 'the city's businessmen than the kind that de- lights them. They stand to lose all or part of the $7.5 million for which they have underwritten the fair in case it doesn't wind up in the black; they can fill fat treasure-pots with the long green if all , goes well. On the verge of 'becoming either civic patsies of commercial conquistadores, they are quick to anger and quick to com- promise, rash and 'suddenly politic. Hemis- Fair can make or break many of them. Therefore, HemisFair has entwined it- self all through the jungle of Texas 'poli- tics, whose elected practitioners know the private political meanings of public events and can foretell next year's lists of cam- paign contributions from this year's 'snarl- ups and alignments. HemisFair's exotic and colorful facade has been 'splattered again and again this year with charges of conflicts of interests, questions about the proper uses of public funds, political gueril- la warfare, and even, in the Senate for- eign relations committee, resentment of President Lyndon Johnson. It takes a pro- gram far more candid than HemisFair's ar- tistic brochures to follow the game. Unless the bill to provide some U.S. mil- lions to build a federal pavilion and give the stamp of official governmental approv- al to the fair founders in the next few weeks, which 'it is not now likely to do, the six-month fair will be held. Most of the 92- acre tract at the edge of downtown San Antonio has been 'cleared ; construction of ODE OF the $10 million civic center is well under way, and half a dozen of the "modules," EMISFAIR 3,000-square foot sheds for the fair's ex- habits, have been completed. Firm commit- ments to sponsor exhibits have been made by Texas, seven nations (Mexico, Spain, Switzerland, Peru, Bolivia, Panama, and Canada), and seven companies (Pearl Beer, General Electric, Coca Cola, Humble Oil, Southwestern Bell, IBM, and Pepsico), with 30 nations and 37 companies expected eventually. The contractors have 'agreed to pay union scale wages to all employees of HemisFair projects, (not necessarily The city urban renewal agency's com- ry B. Gonzalez told the committee, "We union members) and in r et urn the missioners are appointed by the city coun- have been able to use the resources, the unions have made a no-strike agreement cil. The members of the city council are planning and programs that Congress has with HemisFair. The Bureau of Interna- associated with the Good Government afforded through urban renewal and others tional Expositions has 'approved HemisFair League, the political group that dominates and happily found a harmonious blending as a special exposition, a category less city politics. The urban renewal commis- of the planning for the fair."' grand than that of a world's fair, but offi- sioners set aside 140 acres in project 5, If they could have their way, HemisFair's cial enough for the governments that par- obtaining the area's parcels of property leaders would authorize 'a private hotel ticipate in the bureau. This month guests from the private owners by purchase and chain to operate a hotel on the urban re- from 23 foreign nations visited San condemnation for "a convention center and newal land, but they :probably cannot have Antonio in the midst of a general flap related municipal uses." For this purpose, their way—the matter got "sticky," as Cur- over the resignation of James Gaines, the urban renewal commissioners spent ington says. HemisFair's staff chief. The militant right- $12.5 million in public funds. Hugh Lowe, working in public relations wing put in an oar when Mrs. Myrtle Hance How, one naturally asks, does $12.5 mil- for HemisFair, provides studies showing of San Antonio, who was trying to get sus- lion in public urban renewal funds finance that San Antonio will be able to accom- pect books in the San Antonio 'public libra- acquiring land for a ;temporary six-month modate 99% of 'the anticipated visitors to ry stamped "communist" as long as a dec- fair in San Antonio? San Antonio (more than 7,200,000 of :them ade ago, protested the fair's invitation to "Urban renewal does not deal directly in the six-month 'period) except on the communist nations (Czechoslovakia, Fin- fair's single biggest day. This assumes, land) to participate. But the many foreign with HemisFair," Jack Curington, 'assis- tant director of the San Antonio urban however, the use of all the hotel and motel flags are still flying in front of the restor- rooms within two hours' driving time of ed German-English school that is Hemis- renewal agency, explained to the Observer. "It's a six-month fair—we don't deal in San Antonio ; obviously HemisFair's pros- Fair's headquarters across from the pros- pects are better if there are more places pective fairgrounds, and the HemisFair temporary 'things." The agency •sells the land to 'the city of San Antonio; then Cur- to stay in San Antonio by 1968. Last Janu- people are still working away—prepared, ary Marshall Steves, president of Hemis- evidently, to make yet some more adjust- ington explained, the city leases the land to HemisFair. "The urban renewal agency Fair, proposed that a hotel be built with ments, dropping more members off their private financing and tied in with fair- executive committee, getting a new gen- is doing business with the city of San Antonio, which is doing business with grounds parking and transportation. The eral counsel, or whatever may be neces- idea was that the land itself be used for sary, 'to keep the :show on the road. HemisFair," he said. "The city could have carried out HemisFair, but they used the a parking lot and the "air space" above tool of urban renewal to carry their end be leased to private interests for the hotel. UNDER TEXAS LAW — the The HemisFair people had decided 'to try housing law passed by the legislature in of the 'ball. They used urban renewal as the means for accomplishing HemisFair." to •stretch "related municipal uses" enough 1957—property condemned for "urban re- to include a privately operated 500-room newal" cannot be used for public housing. The city's taxpayers approved a $30 mil- hotel in "air space" which local zoning Thus in Texas—as distinct from in other lion bond issue, half of which is being used laws might not affect. The proposed two- states, such as Arkansas or Missouri—ur- of the civic center, and the other half, as acre site was within 'the urban renewal ban renewal is not to be confused with pub- HemisFair chief H. B. Zadhry 'told the Sen- area but not the :smaller HemisFair site lic housing for the poor. In San Antonio, ate foreign relations committee this month, urban renewal project No. 5 is the Hemis- for highways, roads, streets, utilities, bridg- Some citizens, however, had no intention Fair project. es, and waterways. San Antonio Cong. Hen- of letting the city thus indirectly finance a hotel that would compete with other hotels and private interests in San An- THE TEXAS OBSERVER tonio. Joe Rainey Manion, owner of the @ Texas Observer Co., Ltd. 1966 Marion Building, said he would go to court A Journal of Free Voices A Window to the South against such a use of urban renewal land. 60th YEAR — ESTABLISHED 1906 Manion himself had planned to add be- Vol. 58, No. 17 7434° September 30, 1966 tween five and ten 'stories to his building to make efficiency apartments. "Why Incorporating the State Observer and the selves written, and in publishing them the edi- should the 'insiders' compete with me and East Texas Democrat, which in turn incor- tor does not necessarily imply that he agrees ported the State Week and Austin Forum- with them, because this is a journal of free the St. Anthony 'and Gunter [hotels] with- Advocate. voices. out having to make an investMent in the We will serve no group or party but will hew Subscription Representatives: Arlington, land?" he asked. "It's a breach of faith hard to the truth as we find it and the right George N. Green, 416 Summit, Apt. 41, CR 7- with the :people who approved the use of as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole 0080; Austin, Mrs. Helen C. Spear, 2615 Pecos, the land." Manion said nine landowners truth, to human values above all interests, to HO 5-1805; Corpus Christi, Penny Dudley, the rights of man as the foundation of democ- 1224% Second St., TU 4-1460; Dallas, Mrs. Cor- who lost •their land in urban renewal 'pro- racy; we will take orders from none but our dye Hall, 5835 Ellsworth, TA 1-1205; Denton, ject No. 5 were ready to join him 'in the own conscience, and never will we overlook or Fred Lusk, Box 8134 NTS; Fort Worth, Dolores Hous- lawsuit. Then State Sen. Franklin Spears misrepresent the truth to serve the interests Jacobsen, 3025 Greene Ave., WA 4-9655; ton, Mrs. Shirley Jay, 10306 Cliffwood Dr., PA of San Antonio began preparing to file a of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the 3-8682; Huntsville, Jessie L.