Statistical Digest of Rural England December 2017 Edition © Crown copyright 2017 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v.3. To view this licence visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ or email [email protected] This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at [email protected] PB14495 www.gov.uk/defra Contents Statistical Digest of Rural England .................................................................................. 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................5 Official Statistics ................................................................................................................5 Defining rural areas ...........................................................................................................6 Rural population and migration ...................................................................................... 11 Mid-year population 2016 ....................................................................................................... 11 Population by age .................................................................................................................. 12 Average age of the population ................................................................................................ 15 Population change.................................................................................................................. 17 Population at local authority level ........................................................................................... 19 Internal migration ................................................................................................................... 24 Internal migration by age ........................................................................................................ 27 Rural economy ................................................................................................................. 31 Employment and earnings .............................................................................................. 31 Employment rate .................................................................................................................... 32 Unemployment rate ................................................................................................................ 33 Economic inactivity ................................................................................................................. 34 Earnings ................................................................................................................................. 36 Home working ................................................................................................................ 39 Productivity measured by Gross Value Added (GVA) .................................................... 45 Contribution to England's Gross Value Added (GVA) ............................................................. 46 Gross Value Added (GVA) per Workforce Job ........................................................................ 48 Productivity by Industry .......................................................................................................... 50 Businesses ..................................................................................................................... 52 Business count ....................................................................................................................... 52 Business start-ups .................................................................................................................. 53 Business composition ............................................................................................................. 54 Businesses by industry type ................................................................................................... 57 Employment by industry type ................................................................................................. 64 Businesses by size band ........................................................................................................ 67 Small and medium businesses ............................................................................................... 70 Innovation and investment .............................................................................................. 80 Businesses engaged in innovation ......................................................................................... 80 Capital investment per employee ........................................................................................... 82 Rural accessibility ........................................................................................................... 84 Transport and accessibility to services ........................................................................... 84 Travel behaviour .................................................................................................................... 84 Distance travelled ................................................................................................................... 85 Car availability ........................................................................................................................ 87 Bus availability ....................................................................................................................... 88 Accessibility to services .................................................................................................. 89 Average minimum travel times ............................................................................................... 90 Access to key services ........................................................................................................... 93 Average number of key services available ............................................................................. 96 Broadband ...................................................................................................................... 99 Broadband speed ................................................................................................................... 99 Rural living ..................................................................................................................... 102 Housing ........................................................................................................................ 102 House building ..................................................................................................................... 102 Net additions to housing stock .............................................................................................. 106 Housing and accommodation affordability ............................................................................ 109 3 Housing affordability ............................................................................................................. 109 Homelessness and temporary accommodation .................................................................... 111 Household expenditure ................................................................................................ 113 Nominal expenditure and disposable income ....................................................................... 113 Expenditure on commodity or service groups ....................................................................... 115 Poverty ......................................................................................................................... 117 Fuel poverty .................................................................................................................. 122 Education and skills ...................................................................................................... 125 Childcare provision ............................................................................................................... 125 Childminders, childcare providers and childcare places ....................................................... 125 Secondary education ............................................................................................................ 129 Pupils leaving school with five or more A* to C grades at GCSE level, based on residency of pupils ................................................................................................................................... 129 Pupils leaving school with five or more A* to C grades at GCSE level, based on Income Deprivation Affecting Children Indices (IDACI) decile and residency of pupils ...................... 130 Pupils leaving school with five or more A* to C grades at GCSE level, by Local Authority District based on residency of pupils ................................................................................................ 132 Pupils leaving school with five or more A* to C grades at GCSE level, based on school location ............................................................................................................................................. 135 School inspection outcomes, based on school location .......................................................