Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72686-3 - The War of 1812: Conflict for a Continent J. C. A. Stagg Index More information Index Adams, Henry: History of the United armaments: cannon, 63, 76, 108, 122, 153; States, 4–5 carronades, 122, 132; musket balls, 153; Adams, John, 26, 148, 159 muskets, 164; of navy, 122; shot, 76, Adams, John Quincy, 84–85, 140, 158, 91–92, 105, 122, 132, 164 168 Armstrong, John: and alliance with Adams, William, 143–144, 146 Federalists, 112; American minister to Address to the People of the United States Paris, 36–38; and British attack on D.C., (R. Smith), 38–39 129–130; conflict with Madison, 126; Adjutant and Inspector General (office), and conscripted army, 110–112; critical 56–67; troop strength, 118–119 of Lake Huron expedition, 119–120; agricultural workers, 56–57, 58–59 dismisses danger to D.C., 127, 128;goes agriculture, 50, 69–70, 103–104 to N.Y. frontier, 100; on joint Alabama River, 104–105 operations, 125; as Madison’s political Albany, N.Y., 56, 69–70 opponent, 38; and orders for W. H. alcohol, 56–57, 102 Harrison, 89, 90; plans for Canadian alcoholism, 104 campaign, 97–103, 117–118; replaces Alexander I (of Russia), 30, 39–40;and older generals, 117–118; resigns, British maritime rights, 96–97; offers to 130–131; as secretary of war, 80, 85–86, mediate, 84–85, 94, 141 87, 89, 105–106, 115–116, 160 Alexandria, D.C. (now Va.), 130 Army, U.S.: appropriations for, 82; Alien and Sedition Acts, 25–26, 148 assessment of officers, 161, 162–163; Amelia Island, E.Fla., 34 inadequacy of, 17, 163–164; joint American Revolution: and French debts, operation with navy, 119; monetary 23; and Indian relations, 62; Madison on bounty, 110–112; professional training, aftermath, 18; as military experience, 69; 165; recruitment methods, 56–57; and national debt, 52–54; as precursor re-enlistments, 112; regiments and to War of 1812, 2, 14–15, 17; relations training, 59–60, 121, 162–165; supplies, with Russia, 140–141 50, 57–58, 67, 161; troop size, 48–49, Amherst, Lord Jeffrey, 97 161–162; and war preparation, 40–42. Ancaster Assizes, 11 See also Dearborn, Henry; Northwest Annapolis, Md., 127 Army Appalachicola River, 150 Arnold, Benedict, 69 187 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72686-3 - The War of 1812: Conflict for a Continent J. C. A. Stagg Index More information 188 Index Astoria, 141, 167–168 Brock, Isaac, 9, 64–65, 71–72 Astor, John Jacob, 83–85, 113–114 Brooke, Arthur, 132–133 Auglaize River, 61 Brown, Jacob Jennings: advises Wilkinson, Austerlitz, Battle of (1805), 27 100; authorized to use force, 148–150; Austria, 22–24, 140–141 and Canadian campaign, 121, 131–132, Austrian Succession, War of the, 22–23 164; controversy with Ripley, 124;and joint campaign, 119; Madison’s scheme Bagot, Charles, 167 to assist, 125–126; marches to Batavia, Bainbridge, William, 75, 76 117–118; repels Prevost, 87–88; Baines, Edward, 13 strategizes with Monroe, 137–138;to Baltic region, 29–30, 40, 47, 140, 166 take Lake Erie, 121–123; wounded at Baltimore, Md., 76, 131, 132–133 Lundy’s Lane, 123–124 Baltimore Patriot, 127–129, 131 Brown, Roger, 6 Bank of the United States, 52–54, 83–84, Brownstown, Mich. Territory, 63 113, 165 Buel, Richard, 8 Barataria, Bay of, 151–152 Buffalo, N.Y., 77–78, 85–86, 115–116, Barataria, Lake, 151–152 121, 148–150 Barbary Wars, 76 Burgoyne, John, 132 Barclay, Robert H., 91–92 Burlington Heights, Ontario, 86, 119, Barker, Jacob, 113–114 121–122 Barlow, Joel, 44 Burlington, Vt., 56 Batavia, N.Y., 117–118 Burnt Corn, Battle of (1813), 104–105 Bathurst, Henry Bathurst, Third Earl, 143 Baton Rouge, La., 150 Cadore, duc de.SeeChampagny, Bautzen, Battle of (1813), 96, 140–141 Jean-Baptiste-Nompere` de, duc de Bayard, James A., 41–42, 84–85, 120, Cadore 140 Caledonia, HMS, 77 Bayou La Fourche, 151–152 Calhoun, John C., 41, 46, 165 Bayou St. John, 151–152 Caller, James, 104–105 Bayou Terre aux Boeufs, 151–152 Campbell, George Washington, 113–114, Beard, Charles A., 5–6 129, 133–134 Beaver Dams, Upper Canada, 87, 88–89 Canada: American supplies into, 110; Benton, Thomas Hart, 106–107 boundary issues, 142–143, 167;and Berlin and Milan decrees, 29–30, 31–33, challenge of British control, 155; 36–38, 39, 42–44 economic impact of war, 157; expansion Big Warrior (Creek chief), 104–105 of, 39–40; historic importance of war, Black Rock, N.Y., 115–116 10; historiography of war, 8–12; impact blacks, free, 58–59, 115, 150–152 of war on, 155; and legacy of war, Black Swamp (Ohio), 61, 67 168–169; navy of, 48–49; population of, Bladensburg, Battle of (1814), 129 48–49, 64–65; pro-American, 10–11; blockades, 19–20, 29, 47, 96.Seealso and smuggling, 39–40; trade with, 168 Navy, Royal Canadien Voltigeurs, 102–103 Bloomfield, Joseph, 56 Canning, George, 32–33, 34–35 Blount, Willie, 106–107, 116–117 capitalism, 6–7 Boerstler, Charles, 88–89 Caribbean, 25, 29, 31–33 Bonaparte, Napoleon.SeeNapoleon I Cass, Lewis, 60–61 “borderlands” history, 14–15 Castine, Mass. (now Maine), 131, 148 Borgne, Lake, 152, 153 Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, Boston, Mass., 110, 113, 127, 131 140, 141, 143, 144 Boyd, John Parker, 87, 88–89, 103 Champagny, Jean-Baptiste-Nompere` de, Bristol, R.I., 76 duc de Cadore, 36–38, 93–94 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72686-3 - The War of 1812: Conflict for a Continent J. C. A. Stagg Index More information Index 189 Champlain, Lake: agreement reached on, Congress, Twelfth (1811-13): early session 167; approach to, 69–70; British naval of, 39–40; and Madison’s messages, force at, 78; engagement on, 131–132; 18–22, 40–43; right to declare war, 21; enroute to Montreal, 97–99; naval forces and Seamen’s Bill, 83 on, 102–103, 118–119 Congress, Thirteenth (1813–15): bill on Champlain Valley, 131–132 state troops, 137; and Madison’s Chandler, John, 88 messages, 109–110; and measures to Chateauguay, Battle of (1813), 12, increase troops, 110–112; meets in 102–103 Patent Office, 133–134; passes embargo, Chattahoochee River, 103–104, 107–108 110; reopens trade with G.B., 115;and Chauncey, Isaac: assessment of, 160;and war effort, 93–96 attack on York, 85–89; controversy with Connecticut, 72–73 Brown, 124; ill health of, 125; influences Constitution, U.S., 21 Brown, 117–118; and Lake Ontario, 98; Constitution, USS, 76 naval operations, 100, 102, 119; resists Continental Army, 59 army-navy plan, 121–122, 124–125;and Continental System, 29–30, 114–115 Sackett’s Harbor, 77–78, 87–88 Convention of Mortefontaine, 25–26 Cherokee Indians, 104 Coosa River, 103–105, 107–108, 116–117 Chesapeake, USS, 19, 32–33, 95–96 Corps of Engineers, 165 Chesapeake affair, 62 Crawford, William Harris, 80 Cheves, Langdon, 74–75, 133–134 Creek Indians (Muscogee): American Chickasaw Indians, 104 offensive against, 116–117; attack Chippawa, Battle of (1814), 122–123 American settlements, 104–105; Battle Chippewa Indians, 92–93 of Burnt Corn, 105; and cultural contact, Choctaw Indians, 104 104;destroyFortMims,106; Red Sticks, Christianity, 50–51 104–105, 106–107, 116–117; territory Civil War, 3–4 of, 103–104 Claiborne, Ferdinand, 107–108 Crimean War, 166 Claiborne, William C. C., 150–151 Crysler, John, 103 Clay, Henry: and embargo, 42–44;and Cuba, 166–167 peace negotiations, 141, 146;as Cuyahoga (schooner), 62 Speaker of the House, 40–41, 45–46, 65 Dallas, Alexander James, 133–134 Cleveland, Ohio, 89–90 Dayton, Ohio, 61 Clinton, DeWitt, 46–47, 69–70, 72–73 Dearborn, Henry: accepts armistice, 70; Clinton, George, 34, 46–47 and attack on York, 85–89; considered clothing: allowance, 61; army, 57–58;for for War Dept. secretary, 80;and Harrison’s army, 67; inadequate, Federalist opposition to war, 72–73; ill 118–119; Indian, 50; uniforms, 57–58, health of, 88; Montreal campaign, 65, 122–123 73–74; Niagara strategy, 52;orders Cochrane, Alexander, 115, 128, capture of British troops, 88; and plans 150–153 for invasion of Canada, 69–70; Cockburn, George, 128, 132–133, 150 reassigned, 117–118; resists aiding Cocke, John, 107–108 Niagara campaign, 70, 72; retires, 89 Coffee, John, 106–107, 108 debt, national, 31, 157 Columbia River, 141, 167–168 Decatur, Stephen, 3, 76, 125 Columbia, S.C., 56 Delaware, 56 Commissary General, 54–55 Denmark, 30, 35 Congregationalists, 72–73 Dennis, Richard, 56–57 Congress, Eleventh (1809-11): Macon’s desertions, 121 Bill No. 2, 36–37 Desha, Joseph, 41 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72686-3 - The War of 1812: Conflict for a Continent J. C. A. Stagg Index More information 190 Index Detroit, HMS, 77–78, 91–92 147–148; as Van Rensselear’s officers, Detroit, Mich. Territory: fall of, 71;fortat, 70–71; in war historiography, 8 50; Hull reinforces, 60–69; Hull’s Federal Republican (Baltimore newspaper), campaign for, 50, 51–52, 60–63, 69, 148 77–78; recaptured by Harrison, 89–93 Findlay, James, 60–61 Detroit River, 62–63 fishing rights, 120, 143, 144, 146, 167 District of Columbia.SeeWashington, Florida: and Creek Indians, 103–105; D.C. invoked in treaty negotiations, 145;and Dobbins, Daniel, 77–78, 90 smuggling, 39–40.SeealsoEast Florida; Drummond, Gordon, 115–116, 123, West Florida 125–126 Floyd, John, 107–108 Duane, William, 163 food.Seeprovisions Dull, Jonathan, 17 Fort Bowyer, Mobile Bay, 151, 153 duties, 82 Fort Defiance (Ohio), 61, 67 Fort Deposit (Ala.), 107–108 East Florida, 42–44, 80–81, 110, 143, Fort Erie (Upper Canada): demolished, 166–167.SeealsoFlorida; West Florida 125–126; seige of, 11; Smyth plans Eastport, Maine District, 127–128 attack on, 72; U.S.