COVID-19 Evidence Support Team EVIDENCE SEARCH REPORT Review Question: How effective are COVID-19 vaccines? Context: Benefits following dose/second dose; how well it prevents infections; evidence of limiting viral replication or spread; preventing hospitalization; preventing ventilation; preventing “long COVID” (long term symptoms), duration of immunity (natural and vaccinated). FDA cold chain changes. Effectiveness against P1 variant. Booster doses for variants. Does not include vaccine willingness/acceptance (to be run as a separate search) Review Code: INF031801v2 ESR Complete Date: April 14, 2021 Cite As: Miller, L., Howell-Spooner, B. How effective are COVID-19 vaccines? 2021 Apr 14, Document no.: INF031801v2 ESR. In: COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Reviews [Internet]. SK: SK COVID Evidence Support Team, c2021. 69 p. (CEST rapid review report). Librarian Notes & Comments Greetings, We received 181 new references re: vaccine safety/efficacy since the last search was conducted on March 17 2021 from MEDLINE. We have also included news & grey literature when applicable. Sincerely, Lukas & Brianna Disclaimer This information is provided as a service by the Saskatchewan Health Authority and University of Saskatchewan Libraries. Professional librarians conduct searches of the literature. Results are subject to the limitations of the databases and the specificity, broadness and appropriateness of the search parameters presented by the requester. The Libraries do not represent in any matter that retrieved citations are complete, accurate or otherwise to be relied upon. The search re sults are only valid as of the date and time at which the search is conducted. The Libraries do not accept responsibility for any loss or damage aris ing from the use of, or reliance on, search results. Search Results: Guidelines, Summaries & Other Grey Literature Government Health Canada Extended dose intervals for COVID-19 vaccines to optimize early vaccine rollout and population protection in Canada in the context of limited vaccine supply. April 9, 2021. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/immunization/national-advisory-committee- on-immunization-naci/extended-dose-intervals-covid-19-vaccines-early-rollout-population- protection.html Archived 5: NACI rapid response: Extended dose intervals for COVID-19 vaccines to optimize early vaccine rollout and population protection in Canada [2021-03-03]. March 3, 2021. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/immunization/national-advisory-committee- on-immunization-naci/rapid-response-extended-dose-intervals-covid-19-vaccines-early-rollout- population-protection.html BCCDC Monitoring vaccine uptake, safety and effectiveness. April 13, 2021. http://www.bccdc.ca/health-info/diseases-conditions/covid-19/covid-19-vaccine/monitoring- vaccine-uptake-safety-and-effectiveness CDC / FDA Joint CDC and FDA Statement on Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 Vaccine https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/s0413-JJ-vaccine.html National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (Germany) 2nd STIKO update of the COVID-19 Vaccination recommendation and the associated scientific Reason. 2021. https://www.nitag-resource.org/media-center/2nd-stiko-update-covid-19- vaccination-recommendation-and-associated-scientific-reason STIKO Decision of the STIKO for the recommendation of the COVID-19 vaccination and the corresponding scientific rationale (2nd update). February 4, 2021. https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/infections/Vaccination/recommandations/COVID-19-2nd- update.pdf?__blob=publicationFile#:~:text=In%20regard%20to%20the%20licensing,of%209%20 to%2012%20weeks. Agency for Clinical Innovation and New South Wales Government What evidence is emerging regarding the effectiveness of the AstraZeneca vaccine, particularly regarding hospitalizations in the United Kingdom (UK)?. March 14, 2021. https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/637464/Evidence-Check- AstraZeneca-and-rollout.pdf WHO Interim statement of the COVID-19 subcommittee of the WHO Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety on AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. April 7, 2021. Evidence Search Report: INF031801v2 ESR 2 https://www.who.int/news/item/07-04-2021-interim-statement-of-the-covid-19- subcommittee-of-the-who-global-advisory-committee-on-vaccine-safety Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness: interim guidance. March 17, 2021. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/340301 European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from newly-infected individuals with documented previous infection or vaccination. March 29, 2021. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications- data/sars-cov-2-transmission-newly-infected-individuals-previous-infection Wisconsin Department of Health Services COVID-19: Vaccine Safety and Efficacy. April 13, 2021. https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/covid- 19/vaccine-safety.htm Clinical Trials Clinical Trials.gov A Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of mRNA-1237 Vaccine in Healthy Children Between 6 Months of Age and Less Than 12 Years of Age. April 13, 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04796896 A Study to Evaluate a Range of Dose Levels and Vaccination Intervals of Ad26.COV2. S in Healthy Adults and Adolescents. April 12, 2021. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04535453 Trial Scope A COVID-19 vaccine study for children. n.d. https://connect.trialscope.com/studies/0e8fc8e6- 5782-46fd-8b03-0994a5ad8b41 White Papers Healthy Debate Comparing vaccines: efficacy, safety and side effects. March 11, 2021. https://healthydebate.ca/2021/03/topic/comparing-vaccines/ Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington COVID-19 vaccine efficacy summary. March 4, 2021. http://www.healthdata.org/covid/covid-19- vaccine-efficacy-summary Search Results: News, Blogs, & Social Media News CBC Experts encourage Sask. Residents to take AstraZeneca vaccine, affirm it’s safe. April 14, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/experts-astrazeneca-myths-misinformation- 1.5986246 Evidence Search Report: INF031801v2 ESR 3 Why the U.S. recommended suspending Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine, and what it means for Canada. April 13, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/johnson-johnson-vaccine-1.5986097 3 vaccinated hospitalized COVID patients ‘a bit surprising,’ says epidemiologist. April 13, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/covid-19-vaccine-hospital-new-brunswick- epidemiologist-1.5983764 U.S. recommends ‘pause’ for Johnson & Johnson vaccine over clot reports. April 13, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/johnson-and-johnson-vaccine-pause-1.5985110 Australia abandons COVID-19 vaccination targets after new advice on AstraZeneca shots. April 12, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/australia-astrazeneca-vaccine-1.5983756 Top official admits China’s COVID-19 vaccines have low efficacy. April 11, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/china-vaccines-covid-19-low-efficacy-1.5983594 Canada is losing the race between vaccines and variants as the 3rd wave worsens. April 8, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/coronavirus-variants-canada-covid-19-vaccine-third-wave- 1.5978394 Study suggests vaccines may improve symptoms for some COVID-19 long-haulers. April 7, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-longhaulers-vaccines-1.5976738 Pfizer study suggests COVID-19 vaccine is safe, protective in younger teens. March 31, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/pfizer-study-suggests-covid-19-vaccine-is-safe-protective-in- younger-teens-1.5970857 AstraZeneca-Oxford’s COVID-19 vaccine safety questions answered. March 31, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/astrazeneca-oxford-vaccine-concerns-1.5951672 B.C. to open AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines for ages 55 to 65 in Lower Mainland. March 31, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/astrazeneca-vaccine-covid-19-update- mar-30-1.5969949 Pfizer study suggests COVID-19 vaccine is safe, protective in younger teens. March 31,2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/pfizer-study-suggests-covid-19-vaccine-is-safe-protective-in- younger-teens-1.5970857 Here’s what we know so far about B.C.’s response to AstraZeneca vaccine concerns. March 30, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-astrazeneca-covid-19-clots- 1.5969202 Doctors agree with pause of AstraZeneca-Oxford COVID-19 vaccine doses, but Manitobans have questions. March 30, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/manitoba-covid-19- astrazeneca-vaccine-pause-1.5969235 Saskatchewan pauses AstraZeneca vaccinations for people under 55. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatoon/covid-19-saskatchewan-1.5968597 Manitoba pauses use of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine on people under 55. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/manitoba-vaccine-update-march29-2021- 1.5968335 Quebec suspends giving doses of AstraZeneca to those under 55, though no issues reported in Canada. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/astrazeneca-quebec- suspended-1.5968451 N.L. pausing use of AstraZeneca-Oxford vaccine on people under 55. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/nl-covid-march-29-2021-1.5963405 Ontario suspending use of AstraZeneca vaccine for people under 55 following NACI recommendations. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/covid-19- ontario-march-29-2021-vaccine-doses-1.5967888 Evidence Search Report: INF031801v2 ESR 4 Alberta temporarily pauses AstraZeneca vaccine for people under 55. March 29, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/deena-hinshaw-alberta-covid-1.5968291