Bull. Kitakyusku Mus. Nat. Hist. Hum. Hist., Ser. A, 1: 13-22, March 31, 2003 Examination of the type specimens of Zephyrus pavo de Niceville and Zephyrus zoa de Niceville Kyoichiro Ueda1 and Satoshi Koiwaya2 1Kitakyusku Museum ofNatural History and Human History, 2-4-1 Higashida, Yahata-higashi-ku, Kitakyusku 805-0071Japan 2680-6 Matahagi, Shimokitakata-machi, Miyazaki 880-0035Japan ABSTRACT — The type specimens of Zephyrus pavo de Niceville, 1887 and Zephyrus zoa de Niceville, 1889 are examined, verified and figured. and accommodated zoa in it. They examined a male INTRODUCTION specimen of zoa from Manipur-Hills, Assam and figured De Niceville described two Zephyrus hair-streaks, the labial palpus and male genitalia (1. c: 384-385, pl.38- Zephyrus pavofrom Bhutan (1887) and Zephyrus zoafrom fig. 41, pi. 65-figs. 42a-g). Darjeeling, North of India (1889). Both of the species D'Abrera (1986) figured errorneously Neozephyrus were from the collection by A. V. Knyvett. Niceville desgodinsi dumoides Tytler, 1915 as Neozephyrus zoa(\.c: (1887) stated of Z. pavo "The type specimen is unique, 552). D'Abrera (1993) noted his error, referring to and is deposited in Mr. A. V. Knyvett's collection, by Howarth (1. c.) and again figuring Neozephyrus zoa, cor whose native collectors it was obtained near Buxa in rectly illustrating the specimen from the Antram collec Bhutan"(1. c: 31), and of Z. zoa (1889) "A single speci tion. However, the author of dumoides is Tytler, not men has been obtained by Mr. A. V. Knyvett on Tiger's Oberthur as D'Abrera indicated. Hill, above Darjiling, at 8, 000 feet elevation, on 26th KoiWAYa (1988) figured a male specimen of Chryso June, 1888" (1. c.:168). Until recently the type deposito zephyrus zoa ssp. indet., one of several adults reared from ries ofboth species proved untraceable. In discussion of peculiar larvae of Zephyrus hairstreaks feeding on Prunus zoa, Howarth (1957) stated "The original specimen was sericea at Mt. Qingchengshan (alt. 850m), Sichuan, China. taken by Mr. A. V. Knyvett on Tiger's Hill, Darjeeling, at He assigned them tentatively to Chrysozephyrus zoa follow 8, 000 ft. on 26. vi. 1888 and was apparently in the de ing the examination of male genitalia by Emeritus Prof. Niceville collection in Calcutta but was not to be found T. Saigusa, Kyushu University. Sugiyama (1992) de when Dr. Norman examined the collection in 1956."(I.e.: scribed a new subspecies of zoa, Chrysozephyrus zoa interrup- 248). tus from Dujiangyan, Sichuan, China. Koiwaya (1996) Tytler (1915) took a long series of Zephyrus species figured the life history of Zephyrus zoa in detail with many from the summit of Mt. Kabru in Manipur and identi photographs taken at the field. fied them as Zephyrus zoa, but this material was subse During the preparation of "Theclinid butterflies of quently treated as a new species, Neozephyrus tytleri by the world" in colour, Koiwaya re-visited the difficulties in Howarth (1. c). Howarth placed Zephyrus zoa in the identifying "Zephyrus zoa" and "Zephyruspavo". After long genus Neozephyrus Sibatani & Pro on the basis of a speci research we found that the present depository for the men from the Antram collection presented by F. T. type specimens of both species is the Carnegie Museum Vallins, which he identified as zoa through comparison of Natural History based upon brief information in with Niceville's original description. "Collectiones entomologicae" (Walther et al, 1990). Shirozu & Yamamoto (1956) first stated that pavo We verified this through the courtesy of Dr. Rawlins of might belong to the genus Euaspa Moore, 1884, being the museum. To our surprise both type specimens had related to forsteri (Esaki & Shirozu, 1943) based on super already been examined by Dr. H. Chiba, Chikugo ficial resemblance without examination of material (1. c: City! We also discovered specimen that the type speci 370). They also established the new genus Chrysozephyrus men of Zephyrus zoa is a composite specimen, the wings Received 18January 2003 14 Kyoichiro UEDAand Satoshi Koiwaya being attached to the body of a male specimen of another represent 1 mm. species. Dr. Ci-iiba made a sketch of the male genitalia and sent it to Lt-Col., Mr. Eliot who identified the DESCRIPTIONS genitalia as belonging to Iraola timokon (Stoll). Unfortunately these results have not as yet been published. Euaspa pavo (de Niceville, 1887) We re-examined both specimens in detail and come (Figs.l; A-C, 4; A-G) to the same conclusion with respect to Z. zoa, namely that Zephyrus pavo de Niceville, 1887: 460. HOLOTYPE d\ the wings of Zephyrus zoa are attached to the body of a (Carnegie Museum of Natural History), here verified [ex male Iraola thnoleon. Re-diagnoses for both Euaspa pavo amined]. and Chrysozephyrus zoa follow. All scales on the figures Euaspa pavo: Shirozu & Yamamoio, 1956: 370. D E orTern0p4>s7//oz del. by H. Cbiba 1989 Genitalia <6l%*A~U/c<,^ type Examined by H. China 99I003OI F Fig. 1. A: Holotype of Zephyrus pavo Niceville, upperside, B: Ditto, underside, C: Labels attached with the holotype of Zephyrus pavo Niceville, D: Holotype of Zephyrus zoa Niceville (only wings), upperside, E: Ditto, underside, I'": Labels attached with the holotype of Zephyrus zoa Niceville. Type specimens of Zephyrus pavo and Zephyrus zoa 15 Euaspa pavo: D'ABRERA, 198(5: 550, fig. Male Antenna black ringed with white; tip is ochreous. Upperside of both wings. Forewing black; basal half of costa dull brown; discal cell, cell la, lb, basal half of cell 2 and basal 1/3 of cell 3 brilliant and metallic purple; orange markings present in the middle of cell 3 and base of cell 4; the rest of the forewing black. Hindwing uni formly brown; cell la pale brown; cilia white, sparsely tipped with brown. Underside of both wings. Forewing fuscous brown; discocellular bar distinct, broad and defined by white on Fig. 2. Figure of Zephyrus zoa Niceville (from Niceville, 1889). B D ^fch.Hfcs^jgg \ / ^^^^Ki 111 E F Fig. 3. A: Iraola limolemi (Stole), J\ upperside, Mt. I.uofushan, B: Ditto, underside. C: Chrysozephyrus zoa inlemiptusSugiyama, 1992, rf\ upperside. D: Ditto, underside. F: Ditto. -?•, upperside, F: Ditio, underside. 16 Kyoichiro Ukim and Satoshi Koiwaya each side; postdiscal line white, oblique from costa to vein Neozephyrus zoa: Howarth, 1957: 248, figs. 11, 54, 64. 2 and slightly shifted outwardly in the cells 5 and 4; Neozephyrus zoa: D'Abrera, 1986: 552, figs. (Misidenti- beyond the postdiscal line to indistinct submarginal line fication of Neozephyrus desgodinsi dumoides Tytler, 1915) this area tinged with pale violet scales; antemarginal line Chrysozephyrus zoa: Koiwaya, 1988: 278, fig. white but indistinct. Hindwing fuscous brown; indistinct Chrysozephyrus zoainterruptus Sugiyama, 1992: 4, figs. 8-10. white lines present at the basal portion but untraceable; Neozephyrus zoa: D'Abrera, 1993: 410, figs. below vein 8 white subbasal line minutely waved and Chrysozephyrus zoa: Koiwaya, 1996: 100-101, figs. 561-577. extended to vein lc, then acutely curved upwards to inner margin; postdiscal line white from costa, abruptly shifted Male inwards at vein 3 and extended to vein lc; between the Upperside of both wings: Forewing dark green; costa, postdiscal line and a series of white submarginal crescents outer margin and veins black; the outer black margin filled with pale violet scales; submarginal line indistinct wide, almost 1/3 of the cell in the cell 3. Hind wing and suffused with pale violet scales outwardly; ante- dark green; black scales extended from costa to cell 5; marginal line white; a black pupilled orange ocellus in outer and inner margin black and wide; tonal portion cell 2 not confluent with tornal orange patch which is broken. lined with black inwardly; tonal spot black. Underside of both wings: Fuliginous black. Forewing; discocellular bar dark brown faindy edged with white on Male genitalia. Dorsum moderate; tegumen not raised each side; postdiscal line white, slightly waved, lined in dorsally just posterior to the anterior margin; dorsodistal wardly dark brown and from costa to vein 2; submarginal margin of tegumen extended posteriorly and curved in band dark brown, broad in the cells lb-2 and indistinct wards in dorsal view; uncus broad, well developed, 2/3 x towards costa; antemarginal line dark brown and broad as long as height of vinculum, and gradually dilated to but only traceable on right wing. Hindwing; subbasal wards distal margin; saccus very short, 0.2 x as long as line short and white; discocellular bar dark brown, edged height of ring; falx short and rather simple without spine with white distinctly on inner side and vaguely on outer like processes. Valva small; ampullar process straight side; postdiscal line white, slightly shifted outwards at vein and slightly dilated towards distal margin; ventroproximal 4 but almost straight from costa to vein 2; middle portion portion of harpe swollen and ended into acute of typical "W of postdiscal line untraceable in the cell lc tip. Phallus broad, almost straight, 1.3 x as long as of the left hind wing but distinct on the right hind wing; height of vinculum; subzonal portion 0.8 x as long as submarginal band white but indistinct from costa to vein suprazonal portion; coecum short; suprazonal portion 4; outer margin from the submarginal band white scales broadened at the middle; vesica without cornuti; juxta broadly scattered; black pupilled ocellus and tornal patch very slender and u-shaped. with black tonal spot orange; an orange remnant present between ocellus and the spot; marginal line white but Material examined. Holotype d* with five labels: indistinct. Zephyrus pavo, de Niceville. £. TYPE. Buxa, Bhutan.; Remounted, original position wings well folded.; Euaspa Material examined. Holotype £ (wings only) with two pavode N., d* det.