FAMILY Anabantidae Bonaparte 1831 - climbing gouramies [=Branchies labyrinthiques, Anabatini, Spirobranchidae, Coiidae, Ctenopominae] Notes: Branchies labyrinthiques Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828:572 [ref. 4880] (family) Anabas [also Pharyngiens labyrinthiformes Cuvier, 1829:225 [ref. 995]; also as Labyrinthiform Pharyngeals; latinized to Labyrinthibranchii by Owen 1846:49 [ref. 32214]; no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Anabatini Bonaparte, 1831:158, 176 [ref. 4978] (subfamily) Anabas [stem corrected to Anabant- by Eichwald 1831:71 [ref. 5562], confirmed by Bonaparte 1837:[7] [ref. 32243], by Cope 1871:459 [ref. 920], by Jordan 1923a:176 [ref. 2421], by Lindberg 1971:184 [ref. 27211] and by Nelson 1976:290 [ref. 32838]; family name sometimes seen as Anabasidae] Spirobranchidae Swainson, 1839: 174, 235 [ref. 4303] (family) Spirobranchus Cuvier [invalid, Article 39] Coiidae Fowler, 1905b:504 [ref. 1370] (family) Coius [family name sometimes seen as Colidae] Ctenopominae Cambray, 1997:299, 300 [ref. 33127] (subfamily) Ctenopoma [name only, but bibliographic reference to the description by Norris 1994; correct stem is Ctenopomat- Kottelat 2013b:447 [ref. 32989]] GENUS Anabas Cloquet, 1816 - climbing gouramies [=Anabas Cloquet [H.] (ex Cuvier), 1816:35, Coius Hamilton [F.], 1822:85, 369] Notes: [ref. 12560]. Masc. Perca scandens Daldorff, 1797. Type by monotypy. Cuvier 1816:339 [ref. 993] has only "Les Anabas" and mentions "Perca scandens Daldorf. Anthias testudineus Bl. 322." Apparently dates to Cloquet 1816:35 as above (else to Oken 1817:1782 [1182]). See also Whitley 1935:136 [ref. 6396]. Misspelled Anabus by Swainson 1839:237 [ref. 4303]. •Valid as Anabas Cloquet, 1816 -- (Liem 1962:42 [ref. 20932], Jayaram 1981:378 [ref. 6497], Kottelat 1985:275 [ref. 11441], Kottelat 1989:19 [ref. 13605], Roberts 1989:171 [ref. 6439], Ataur Rahman 1989:284 [ref. 24860], Zhong in Pan et al. 1991:507 [ref. 23876], Kottelat 2000:92 [ref. 25865], Kottelat 2000:88 [ref. 25486], Ataur Rahman 2003:309 [ref. 31338], Hui & Ng 2005:116 [ref. 28283], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Anabas Cloquet, 1816. Anabantidae. (Coius) [ref. 2031]. Masc. Coius coboijus Hamilton, 1822. Type by subsequent designation. Type designated by Cuvier 1829:144 -- see Kotttelat 2000: 92 [ref. 25865]. •Treated as valid as Coius Hamilton, 1822 -- (Roberts & Kottelat 1994:258 [ref. 21569] and as the family Coiidae, Ataur Rahman 2003:351 [ref. 31338]). •Synonym of Anabas Cloquet, 1816 [after lectotype clarification] -- (Kotttelat 2000:92 [ref. 25865], Kottelat 2000:88 [ref. 25486], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Synonym of Anabas Cloquet, 1816. Anabantidae. Species Anabas cobojius (Hamilton, 1822) - Gangetic koi [=Coius cobojius Hamilton [F.], 1822:98, 370, Pl. 89] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] India. Current status: Valid as Anabas cobojius (Hamilton, 1822). Anabantidae. Distribution: India and Nepal, possible elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater. Species Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) - climbing perch [=Anthias testudineus Bloch [M. E.], 1792:121, Pl. 322, Anabas elongatus Reuvens [C. L.], 1895:147, Anabas testudineus kavaiya Deraniyagala [P. E. P.], 1952:111, Fig. 53, Anabas testudineus lacustri Das [S. M.], 1966:93, Anabas macrocephalus Bleeker [P.], 1855:430, Anabas microcephalus Bleeker [P.], 1857:58, Anabas oligolepis Bleeker [P.], 1855:161, Anabas testudineus ricei Das [S. M.], 1966:93, Anabas testudineus riveri Das [S. M.], 1966:93, Perca scandens Daldorff [D. C. de], 1797:62, Amphiprion scansor Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.], 1801:204, Anabas spinosus Gray [J. E.], 1834:no page number, Pl. 89 (fig. 1), Lutjanus testudo Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:192, 235, Anabas trifoliatus Kaup [J. J.], 1860:124, Pl. 6 (fig. A), Anabas variegatus Bleeker [P.], 1851:220] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 6; ref. 470] "Japan" [actual is southeastern Asia]. Current status: Valid as Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific [native to southeastern Asia from India to Sri Lanka to Indonesia, Philippines and China]; introduced widely elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (elongatus) [Notes from the Leyden Museum v. 16 (nos. 3-4) (art. 12); ref. 14563] Sumba Island, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (kavaiya) [A colored atlas of some vertebrates from Ceylon; ref. 12768] Sri Lanka. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater. (lacustri) [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Fish tank at Balrampur, India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (macrocephalus) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 7; ref. 16941] Jakarta, Java; Tandjongoost; Tjampea, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (macrocephalus) [Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Indo-Neêrlandicae v. 2 (no. 7); ref. 356] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (oligolepis) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 8; ref. 16837] Bandjarmasin, Borneo, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater. (ricei) [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Rice fields, Balrampur, India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (riveri) [Ichthyologica (Srinagar, Kashmir) v. 3 (nos 1-2) 1964; ref. 7729] Rapti River, Basti and Kathina River, Lakhimpur Kheri, India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (scandens) [The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London v. 3 (art. 14); ref. 17360] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (scansor) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (spinosus) [Illustrations of Indian zoology; ref. 1878] India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (testudo) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Japan; Coromandel, India. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (trifoliatus) [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 26 (pt 1); ref. 18373] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. (variegatus) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 2; ref. 330] Kema, northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792). Anabantidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish. GENUS Ctenopoma Peters, 1844 - climbing gouramies [=Ctenopoma Peters [W. (C. H.)], 1844:34] Notes: [ref. 13442]. Neut. Ctenopoma multispinis Peters, 1844. Type by monotypy. Also appeared in Peters 1846 [translation, ref. 3448] and 1847 [ref. 6176]. •Valid as Ctenopoma Peters, 1844 -- (Liem 1962:42 [ref. 20932], Gosse 1986:402 [ref. 6194], Norris et al. 1988 [ref. 6415], Skelton 1988 [ref. 6737], Lévêque et al. 1989:123 [ref. 26480], Paugy & Bénech 1989:304 [ref. 26478], Paugy et al. 1990:343 [ref. 26477], Norris & Teugels 1990 [ref. 15717], Norris & Douglas 1991 [ref. 19507], Norris in Lévêque et al. 1992:838 [ref. 21590], Poll & Gosse 1995:115 [ref. 24781], Dankwa et al. 1999:49 [ref. 28023], Norris 2007:253 [ref. 30044], Norris 2007:259 [ref. 30044] as "Ctenopoma", a new genus in press, Marshall 2011:259 [ref. 31755], Kottelat 2013:447 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma Peters, 1844. Anabantidae. Species Ctenopoma acutirostre Pellegrin, 1899 - leopard bush fish [=Ctenopoma acutirostre Pellegrin [J.], 1899:360] Notes: [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 5 (no. 7); ref. 14733] Diélé, Congo. Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma acutirostre Pellegrin, 1899. Anabantidae. Distribution: Congo. Habitat: freshwater. Species Ctenopoma ashbysmithi Banister & Bailey, 1979 - Ashby Smith's climbing gourami [=Ctenopoma ashbysmithi Banister [K. E.] & Bailey [R. G.], 1979:237, Figs. 17-19, 22 (above)] Notes: [Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society v. 66 (no. 3) (for July 1979); ref. 8851] Marsh, 10 kilometers southwest of Kindu, Democratic Republic of Congo. Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma ashbysmithi Banister & Bailey, 1979. Anabantidae. Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo. Habitat: freshwater. Species Ctenopoma gabonense Gunther, 1896 - Gabon climbing gourami [=Ctenopoma gabonense Günther [A.], 1896:269, Pl. 13 (fig. C)] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 6) v. 17 (no. 100) (art. 37); ref. 14607] Gabon and probably Ogowe River. Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma gabonense Günther, 1896. Anabantidae. Distribution: West-central Africa. Habitat: freshwater. Species Ctenopoma garuanum (Ahl, 1927) - Ahl's climbing gourami [=Anabas garuanus Ahl [E.], 1927:77] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin; ref. 15834] Garua, Benoué River, Cameroon. Current status: Valid as Ctenopoma