GOVERNMENT OF BIHAR DISTRIC'1~ CENSUS HANDBOOK SI-IAHABAD /-11' RANCHOR PI{ASAlJ, M.A., I.A.S., PRINTED BY TliE SUPEI-tINTJ!;Nl)k~NT • GOVEJ{.N!\!ENT PRINTINO, BIHAR, PA'l'NA. 1051. [Prire-Rs. .5 J PAGE Preface Population Map . 1. Introducing the District . • • • • • • 1 %. Scheme of Tables-Census Tracts . • • • • • • ix PART I J. A-GENERAL POPULATION TABLES- I.-Area, Houses and Population .o' •• 11.-Variation in Population during fifty years . • • 3 II.-Towns and Villages classified by Population so;<- •• 6 .;' , rv.-Towns classified by Population with variations since 1901 ........ :, ' .. 8 V.-Towns arranged territorially with Population by Livelihood Oasses 10 4. B-EcONOMIC TABLBs- I.-Livelihood Classes and Sub-classes · . · . 1% II.-Secondary means of Livelihood · . • • · . 16 IlL-Employers, Employees and Independent workers · . • • 3S 5· C-HOHSEHOLD AND AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES_': I.-Household (Size and Composition) · . S6 II.:-Livelihood Classes by Age-groups • • · . · . ~8 IlL-Age and Civil Condition · . 61 TV.-Age and Literacy · . 65 V.-Single Year Age Returns . .. · . · . 68 6. D-SOCIAL AND CULTURAL T ABLES- I.-Languages-(i) Mother tongue • • • • · . 71 (ii) Bilingualism • • • • · . 73 II.-Religion .. • • • • • • 74 III.-Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Backward and Non- 76 backward Classes. IV.. -Migrants . · . Subsidiary-Livelihood Classification of Immigrants . VII.-Livelihood Classes by Educational Standards ... • • 7. E.-SUMMARY FIGURES BY SUBDIVISIONS, REVENUE THANAS AND POLICE STATIONS. 8. ANALYSIS OF IMPORTANT CENSUS DATA- (1) Area and population, actual and percentage by Revenue Thana density 102. (2.) Variation and Density of General Population . .. .. 10.1 (3) Mean Decennial Growth Rates during three decades lOot (4) Immigration . · · . · . · • .. 103 (,) Distribution of Population between Villages ... •• .• 104 (6) Number per 1,000 of the Population and of each l,ivelihood Class 104- who live ill Towns. PAGE (7) Agricultural Oasses per 1,000 persons of General Population, number 10 4 in each class and sub... class of 10,000 persons of all agricultural Classes. (8) Non-agricultural Classes per 1,000 persons of General Population, lOS numbe,r in each class and sub-class of 10,000 persons of all non­ agricultural classes and numbers of employers, employees and in­ dependent workers per 10,000 self-supporting persons of all non­ agricultural classes. (9) Persons per 1,000 houses, and houses per 100 square miles • • (xo) Distribution by size of 1,000 sample households of Rural and Urban Population. (II) Family composition of 1,000 households of General Population 106 (12.) Females per 1,000 males (General, Rural and Urban) and comparison 106 with previous censuses. (13) Females per 1,000 males in Agricultural Classes and Sub-classes .. 106 (14) Females per 1,000 males in Non-agricultural Classes and Sub-classes 9. STATISTICS RELATING TO RAINFAl"L AND AGRICUJ... TURE- l{ainfall-Normal Rainfall . l08 Cultivation- (II) Classification of land . l08 ( b) Progress of cultivation during three decades .. 108 (c) Land area per capita (195 I) ; and trend of cultivation per capita 109 during three decades. (d) Area under principal crops .. (e) Distribution of 1,000 Agricultural Holdings by size of holdings 10. SUMMARY FIGURES OF LIVE STOCK CENSUS, 195 1 - (a) Distribution of Live Stock and Poultry. • .. • • 110 (b) Distribution of certain important categories of Live Stock and 110 Poultty per thousand of population. (c) Variation in the number of ma.in classes of Live Stock (includ­ 112. ing Poultry) during the years 192.0 to 19,1. II. FIGURES RELATING TO INDUSTRIE.S­ (i) Small Scale Industries- (a) Distribution of small scale Industrial Establishments, Table I 114 (b) Employment in Textile Establishments, Table II . •• 114 (ii) Industries registered under the Factories Act ... • • II, 1.1. VITAL STATISTICS • • .. • • • • 116 13- RULING WHOLE-SALE PRICES WITH INDEX NUMBERS DURING THE. DEC.ADE 117 PART II 14· VILLAGE STATISTXCS- PAGE Police Station- I. Arrah MuffasjJ • • • • • • • • 122. 2.. Sandesh 4 • • • • • • • 13 0 ;. Barhara '.. • • · . • • 132. 4· Shahpur • • • • • • • • 13 6 5· ]agadishpur · . · . • • • • 6. Piro · . 140 • • · . · . • • l44 7· Shahar. · . · . · . • • 0 8. Tarari · . 15 · . • • 9. Buxar • • 154 • • • • • • ISS 10. Rajpur 162- t I. Itarhi 0 12.. Dumraon 17 174 13 · Nawanagar • • 14. BrahaOlpur 180 .. 18 15. Bikramganj 4 186 16. Dinara · .. · . .. 6 17. Dawath · 19 • • · 18. Karaghar . 2. 0 4 19. Nokha 208 2.18 2.0. Sasaram · . · . 2.2.4 2I. · Rohtas III • 22. Chenari 23 6 2.40 23· Dehri · . · . · . 244 24· Nasriganj 248 2. 5. Mohania • • · . 26. 2.52 - Ran_1gar~ • •. 27. Durgawatt · . 256 · . • • 2.8. Kudra · . 262 • • · . 266 2.9. ·Bhabua · . • • • • 2.70 30 • Chainput . • • • • 2.86 31. Adhaura • • • • • • • • 32.. Chand 292. • • • · '" • • • • • 2.96 15· lJRBAN STATISTICS- I. Arrah Municipality • • • • • • • • 02 2. Sasaram Municipality 5 · . • • .. 3. Dumraon Municipality . 302 • • • • 0 4. Buxar Municipality · . 3 4 ,. Jagadishpur MUnicipality · . 30 4 • • . 6. Dehri M'unicipality 306 • • · . • • 7· Bhabua Municipality 50 6 · . 0 8. Nasriganj Municipality 3 6 306 PREFACE nus Handbook contains mainly statistical data and is not intended to replace the District Gazetteer which gives a comprehensive account of the district in narrative form. Most of the sta.tistical tables included in the vQlume are based on materials collected in the 19 S I census, but some non.. census statistics have also been included and a brief introduction to the district has been furnished in order to enable readers to follow the statistical tables without much difficulty. 2.. Before this, District Handbooks containing important census tables and other statis­ tics were published in 190 5 and 1916 in the form of statistical supplements to District Gazetteers. These Handbooks did not contain any statistics relating to individual villages. Madras and certain other provinces and Indian States published village statistics of some districts at the 19.2. I, 193 I and 1941 censuses. In Bihar also, there were proposals in 192.1 and 193 I for publishing similar statistics, but they did not materialise. The idea of publishing Handbooks like this containing both district tables and statistics of area, population, liter~cy. and live~ih~od p~ttern for .each vill~ge besides, other useful statistics relating to the dtstrtct owes Its InceptIon to Shrl R. A. Gopalaswaml, 1. c. S., the present Registrar-General and ex-officio Census Commissioner of India, who made a recommenda­ tion to this effect to all State Governments in March, 195 1. This recommendation was readily accepted by the Government of Bihar who have sanctioned the publication of the H.andbooks at their own cost. 3. As already indicated, detailed statistics for villages were not compiled for any district in Bihar before this. The task was fornlidable, and the compilation and editing had to be done within a limited time' simultaneously with the preparation of the State census tables and report. Every effort has been made to ensure correctness and accu... racy of the data and, though there' are short-comings it can be fairly clain1ed that this Handbook removes a long-felt want for a book of reference containing the basic statis­ tical information for the district and smaller units down to the mauza. 4. I have indicated at appropriate places the source from which the non-census statistics have been obtained. The brief note "Introducing the District" is based on materials drawn from varied sources. 'Thus, information refating to geology and rain­ fall, etc., has been obtained from the Geological Survey and the Meteorological Department of the Government of India (through the Registrar-General); information relating to Agricultural Statistics, from the State Department of Agricultural Statistics ; and, rega.rd ... ing n1ines, from the Chief Mining C)fficer, Bihar. My indebtedness to ()'Malley's District Gazetteer of Shahabad and l-Iubhack's final report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the District of Shahahad will be obvious to all who have read these invaluable books. 5. The compilation of the census statistics included in this volume was done in the Patna Tabulation Office under the able supervision of Shri A. K. Banerji, Deputy 1. Shri Bl·ahma.nand Prasadt Technical Magistrate and Deputy Collector. I desire to acknow- Assistant. ledge my obligation to him and to the marginally 2. Shri Hari Kinkar Bu,ner ji. named staff for the care and interest taken by them Tabula.tion ASRist,!111t,. in the work. My thanks are also due to Shri Rameshwar 3. Shri ShiVGilhwal' Dayal, t, Nath, Deputy Magistrate and Deputy Collector, who has 4-. Shri Umesh Nath Pando, n helped in the editing of the non-census statistics and 5. Shl'i Pravash Chandra Chaudhry, u supervised the proof-reading. Lastly, but very far 6 .. Shri Bala. Nand Sahay, Head Typist. from the least, my thanks are due to Shri S. N. Chatterji, Deputy Superintendent, Government Printing and his staff for the care and interest shown in the printing and publication of this Handbook. RANCHOR PRASAD POPULATION MAP OF BIH1UI. DISTRICT PARGANAS 2nd Revi>od Edition ~ It -'r ~ 8 • .,.,1'.' In 28 m. <? o i:..._ '. J { I B \ I'y DUMK:A: TOWN &&l. 1 Incb to .. .IIi il. Dens.ity Between ~UERE"CES TO DU"I(~ TQWN BUR Between - Velerin~ry H.o.cpJt .. , D \V A N Hospital J.i{ lIould.ry:- Di.tric' or State __ ......- .. -.~ d. SubdlvisiQn, Dami•. 1~ Xi!.. folic. Stali,n - . ._-.. - ... -.~ R.iI".,. ,_ Broad eauge. dDuble, '""111', wilh ot.".. R S R S os tIktre or Marrow GaugE, with stl.Nrn . INTRODUCING TH;E DISTRICT. Constituted in the year 1865 out of ~e ~ldOc 3. Topography and Hills .-Ex.cept for the Sarki¥'s . of. Roh.t&S .apd Shahabad, the Q Dl~trlct Kaimur hills which rise up to 1,200 ft.-near Rohtas .of .SltAHABAD ~xtends frOw. 88°19' to ~4 15 east the altitude is 1,500 ft.-the whole district. is a flat lon,gitude ~nd 241>81' to 25°4'6' .