ENVIS Centre Manipur Newsletter | Vol. 12 [3] | July-September 2015 | ISSN 0974-0325 ENVIS CENTRE MANIPUR DIRECTORATE OF ENVIRONMENT, GOVT. OF MANIPUR Newsletter Editorial Board Chief Patron P. C. Lawmkunga, IAS Chief Secretary Govt. of Manipur Patron Dr. M. Homeshwor Singh Director Editor-in-Chief Dr. Y. Nabachandra Singh Joint Director Editor Dr. T. Brajakumar Singh Research Officer Associate Editors Ph. Vivekananda Sharma Data Analyst Th. Bhogen Singh Junior Scientific Officer Contributors ENVIS Centre, Manipur Team & Environment Monitoring, R&D Lab, DoE, Manipur Published by ENVIS Centre, Manipur Directorate of Environment Government of Manipur Porompat, Imphal - 05 http://www.manenvis.nic.in Sponsored by Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change Government of India White throated bulbul http:\\www.envis.nic.in RESEARCH ABSTRACT A matrix population model for Portulaca oleracea linn. LEAD STORY, 2-3p - Asha Gupta Restoring a dead Lake, TIME SERIES ENVIRONMENT DATA Yaralpat ! - Water Quality of Major Lakes & Rivers. - Sunzu - Weather Report of Manipur. Bachastimayum ENVIS CENTRE, MANIPUR-NEWSLETTER Vol.12 (3) July-Sept 2015 LEAD STORY Yaralpat -Wetland of Manipur - By Ph. Santosh Restoring a dead Lake, Yaralpat! - By Sunzu bachaspatimayum Yaralpat is one of the many erstwhile lakes of Manipur whose charm reminds only in At a time when the State which always has the history books and folk songs. a sublime climate throughout the year is Although people who gradually took Surprisingly, the dead lake is seemingly fast feeling the heat of climate change and possession of portions of the lake coming alive. water scarcity is becoming a common area experimented with agriculture phenomenon, Kombirei Environmental for years, the yields were never Once upon a time the State's entire valley Development Organization, KEDO, is encouraging. Nevertheless, some area was one big lake. Gradually, the water setting a trend in community efforts in continued working the fields, while receded, leaving behind a magnificent livelihood generation and ecological other sold them off to buyers who system of wetland. No wonder then that the restoration. were willing to wait for the area to small hilly statehas Loktak, a lake which become development. During this isclassified as a Ramsar site of international Located 8 kms from the capital city Imphal, period most of the erstwhile lake significance. Unfortunately, the State is fast Yaralpat was 0.40 sq.km erstwhile lake area remained dried and unused. losing its valuable wetlands. Even the which was once famous for its flora and This was over 70 hectares of land attractive Loktak lake is dying with the fauna. Amongst its floral varieties, lying barren. government make a last ditch effort, Kombirei is a purple colored lily that had spending over Rs 300 crores in dredging and completely vanished from the area. clearing bio masses of the lake. 2 |ENVIS Centre, Manipur | Newsletter | Vol .12 (3) |July-September 2015 July-Sept 2015 ENVIS CENTRE, MANIPUR-NEWSLETTER Vol.12 (3) LEAD STORY Loktak Lake - By Ph. Santosh In 2010, 11 farmers came together and Realizing the yeoman service, Manipur's stress his organization's focus on resolved to restore the wetland and Forest and Environment Department and restoring the flora and fauna of the rejuvenate the bio-diversity of Yaralpat. They also the Agriculture Directorate are area which will in turn transform the named themselves, Kombirei Environmental encouraging KEDO through technical inputs area into a popular tourist spot. “For Development Organization, KEDO and and guidance and aiding them in reclaiming the last years, we've seen a variety of contributed Rs 50,000/- each and began works of the lake. Plans are also afoot to migratory birds coming here. We're reclaiming the lake by digging 11 hectares, develop the area into a tourist spot where also trying to replant the once popular jointly owned by them. Although the project boating and bird watching activities can be Kombirei lilly that was synonymous area was dried land, the moist lake soil made done. with Yaralpat. At present we're making for diggingdifficult. Even heavy duty earth Kombirei nursery for wide planting in movers could not be used because of the 'Besides, environmental development of our project area.” moist. After three years of digging during dry the Yaralpat area, we are also trying to seasons, KEDO efforts bearing fruits. introduce integrated community farming. KEDO's example is good news for the Now that our project area has become a tiny State which is poised at a crucial Now in the middle of the once barren area, perennial water source, it can irritate crossroad between increasing human around 11 hectares have become perennial neighbouring paddy fields. We are population and fast receding water body where pisciculture is striving. proposing to introduce rabi crops in these biodiversity particularly, the wetlands Because of the water body, migratory birds fields',said KEDO's Secretary, Y.Binod that is considered as lungs of the eco and other local species are making it their Kumar. system. destination, gradually bringing the semblance of the erstwhile Yaralpat. KEDO's President, N. Raghumani Singh ENVIS Centre, Manipur | Newsletter | Vol .12 (3)(1) |July Jan-Mar-September 2015| |3 3 ENVIS CENTRE, MANIPUR-NEWSLETTER Vol.12 (3) July-Sept 2015 TIMEWater SERIES Quality ENVIRONMENT of Major Lakes DATA of Manipur during July-Sept 2015 Sl. Sites/Lake Parameters No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 pH 7.13 7.32 7.88 7.16 7.28 7.39 7.16 7.24 2 B.O.D. (mg/l) 4.88 7.42 4.37 5.90 4.58 5.19 5.19 6.10 3 C.O.D. (mg/l) 8.03 9.41 6.58 9.46 7.12 7.13 8.46 9.45 4 Nitrogen (mg/l) 1.42 1.46 1.38 1.52 1.37 1.21 1.34 1.54 5 Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.84 1.15 0.96 1.23 1.08 0.72 1.24 1.28 6 Potassium (mg/l) 5.33 6.00 6.67 6.00 8.00 5.33 8.33 6.33 7 Total Coliform / 100ml 264.23 351.63 284.23 281.23 348.64 284.35 305.23 297.64 8 Faecal Coliform 136.12 164.52 146.23 131.52 182.72 138.42 173.82 164.28 Sites:- 1. Aongbikhong 2. Heingang Pat 3. Ikop 4. Kharungpat 5. Loktak 6. Waithou 7. Pumlen 8. Sanapat Source: Directorate of Environment, Govt. of Manipur Water Quality of Major Rivers of Manipur during July-Sept 2015 Sl. Sites/River No. Parameters Imphal River Nambul River Iril River 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 pH 7.63 7.82 7.83 7.56 7.26 7.34 7.83 7.64 2 B.O.D. (mg/l) 3.05 3.97 3.97 2.44 7.31 5.48 3.66 5.19 3 C.O.D. (mg/l) 4.23 5.93 6.34 4.26 13.68 9.56 2.89 7.46 4 Nitrogen (mg/l) 0.38 0.78 0.83 0.43 2.10 1.08 0.45 0.54 5 Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.21 0.46 0.59 0.37 1.28 0.97 0.28 0.52 6 Potassium (mg/l) 2.00 5.00 6.00 3.00 26.00 12.00 5.00 7.00 7 Total Coliform / 100ml 230 410 480 310 1400 800 450 670 8 Faecal Coliform 150 220 250 210 640 520 180 270 Sites:- 1. Koirengei 2. Minuthong 3. Singjamei 4. Iroisemba 5. Hump Bridge 6. Hiyangthang 7. Sawombung 8. Lilong Source: Directorate of Environment, Govt. of Manipur Weather Report of Manipur during July-Sept 2015 Relative Humidity Temperature in (°C) (%) Wind Total Districts Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Speed Rainfall (mtrs/sec) (mm) Senapati 33.48 14.26 100 39.55 1.62 965.8 Tamenglong 39.59 15.84 100 44.04 2.06 2480.4 Churachandpur 32.86 17.71 100 45.08 1.97 934.6 Ukhrul 29.74 14.24 100 45.85 3.04 275.4 Imphal East 37.84 18.75 100 42 0.96 672 Imphal West 34.7 18.72 95.4 45.61 1.64 88.4 Chandel 36.22 16.98 100 51.28 3.46 2218.4 Thoubal 35.08 18.22 100 26.9 2.54 17.6 Bishnupur 33.34 19.34 98.41 48.55 1.12 19.2 Source: Directorate of Environment, Govt. of Manipur 1. Senapati District : Headquarter 6. Imphal East District : Porompat and Yaral Pat 2. Tamenglong District : Noney 7. Imphal West District : Kangla 3. Churachandpur District : Renkai village 8. Bishnupur District : Headquarter. 4. Ukhrul District : Shirui village 9. Thoubal District : Kakching 5. Chandel District : Moreh 4 |ENVIS Centre, Manipur | Newsletter | Vol .12 (3) |July-September 2015 July-Sept 2015 ENVIS CENTRE, MANIPUR-NEWSLETTER Vol.12 (3) BIODIVERSITY OF MANIPUR White throated bulbul Alophoixusflaveolus (Gould, 1836) Local name: Khoiningkhou-daang Order: Passeriformes Family: Pycnonotidae Description: Length c. 23 cm. Olive-green above with rufous-brown wings and tail. Lemon-yellow below with white chin and throat. Sexes alike. Habitat: Affects shrubby undergrowth in heavy forest, and secondary jungle. Distribution: Churachandpur, Jiribam, Senapati and Tamenglong. White throated bulbul Emerald Dove Chalcophapsindica (Linnaeus, 1758) Local name: Lamkhunungan-daa Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae Description: Length c. 27 cm. Green above and black- and-white banding on the back. Crown and neck grey, with prominent white forehead and eyebrows. Sexes more or less alike. Habitat: Affects moist tropical and subtropical broad leaved forest. Distribution: Churachandpur, Jiribam and Tamenglong Emerald Dove Green imperial pigeon Duculaaenea (Linnaeus, 1766) Local name: Chingkhunurel Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae Description: Length c.