Annl Rpot for Fiscal Year Ended 30 June VOL-1 OF TWO 90th Congress, 2nd Session House Document No. 214 Pt. 1 ANNUAL REPORT, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1967 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U.S. ARMY ON CIVIL WORKS ACTIVITIES 1967 IN TWO VOLUMES Vol. 1 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1968 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- Price 70 cents CONTENTS VOLUME 1 Pacp Letter of Transmittal vii Highlights x CHATER I. THE CIVIL WORKS PROGRAM 1 1. The scope and origin of the Civil Works program 1 2. Organization 2 II. FUNDING AND COST REDUCTION 3 1. Funds available 3 2. Appropriations 5 3. Expenditures (costs) 6 4. Economy measures 8 III. NAVIGATION 11 1. Scope 11 2. Construction and operations 12 3. Waterborne Commerce 12 4. Protection of navigable waters 16 IV. FLOOD CONTROL 19 1. Flood plain management services 19 2. Construction and maintenance 20 3. Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries 21 V. HYDROELECTRIC POWER AND WATER SUPPLY 27 1. Installed capacity 27 2. Hydroelectric power production 28 3. Additional capacity scheduled 28 4. Water supply 28 VI. ENVIRONMENTAL DEVELOPMENT 33 1. Contributions to American Beauty program 33 2. Pollution abatement 35 VII. RECREATION 37 VIII. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 41 1. Aquatic plant control 41 2. Coastal engineering research 42 3. Engineering studies 42 4. Fisheries engineering investigations 45 5. Great Lakes research 46 6. Hydrologic studies 47 7. Hydrometeorological studies 47 8. International Hydrological Decade 47 9. Plan formulation and evaluation studies 48 10. Nuclear explosive studies for civil construction 49 IX. PLANNING 51 1. Planning, programming, budgeting system (PPBS) 51 iii Page 2. Comprehensive studies .----- 52 3. Investigations and reports 53 4. Review by Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors 53 5. Project authorization 54 6. Advance engineering and design 54 7. International boundary waters 54 8. Collection and study of basic data 57 9. Studies by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 58 X. LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS 61 1. New legislation 61 2. Waterway transportation improvements 61 3. Water quality control ------ 61 4. Flood plain management 62 5. Reimbursement of non-federal expenditures 62 6. Review of legislation 63 7. Codification of laws 63 XI. OTHER ACTIVITIES 65 1. Beach erosion control --------- 65 2. Emergency operations . .. .. .. .. 66 3. Atlantic-Pacific Interoceanic Canal Study 67 4. Hydraulic mining, California 69 5. Washington, D.C., water supply --- 69 6. Education and training 70 APPENDIX A. NAVIGATION 73 1. Navigation improvements placed in useful operation during the fiscal year .... .. .. 73 2. Navigation improvements initiated during the fisc a l ye a r .. ... .. ... ... ... ... 74 3. Navigation improvements under construction during fiscal year 75 4. Project harbors, commerce reported for calendar year 1966 79 5. Commerce at selected areas, calendar year 1966 86 6. Ton-mileage of freight carried on U.S. inland waterways, by system, calendar year 1966 86 7. Project waterways, commerce reported for calendar year 1966 87 B. FLOOD CONTROL 101 1. Flood control projects placed in useful operation during fiscal year 1967 101 2. Flood control projects initiated during fiscal year 1967 102 3. Flood control projects under construction during fiscal year 1967 103 4. Flood control reservoirs operable June 30, 1967 108 5. Flood control reservoirs constructed or contributed to by Corps of Engineers but operated by others June 30, 1967 126 6. Project features fully completed during the fiscal y e a r - - -- ---- - - - -- - - -- - - - - 130 iv 7. Project features on which construction continued during the fiscal year --------- - 131 8. Project features on which work was initiated during the fiscal year ------ - --- -- --- -- - 131 9. Project features on which maintenance and opera- tion activities were conducted during the fiscal year -... 132 C. HYDROELECTRIC POWER AND WATER SUPPLY 131 1. Multiple-purpose projects under construction with some or all primary project features placed in useful operation during fiscal year 1967 ...... 131 2. Multiple-purpose projects under construction and not operating during fiscal year 1967 134 3. Generating capacity placed in operation during the fiscal year -- - - -- --- 135 4. Hydroelectric projects in operation June 30, 1967 -_ 136 5. Hydroelectric projects under construction June 30, 1967 -- -- - --- --- - - -- -- 137 6. Hydroelectric power by region -- 138 7. Water supply storage as of June 30, 1967 139 8. Irrigation storage as of June 30, 1967 140 D. FEATURE ARTICLES ------ --- 143 1. Foundation Conditions and Construction Procedures, Shelbyville Dam 143 2. Modernizing the Ouachita River Waterway 147 3. The Water Quality Research Program 153 E. GENERAL 155 1. Publications - -- -- - - - 155 2. Directory of installations and activities 155 Volume 2 Reports on individual project operations and related Civil Works activities are published as volume 2, for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Statistics on Waterborne Commerce of the United States are printed separately (see app. E-1). SUBJECT: Annual Report on U.S. Army Civil Works Activities for Fiscal Year 1967 TO: THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMY 1. Transmitted herewith is my annual report on the Civil Works activities of the Department of the Army, as carried out by the Corps of Engineers in fiscal year 1967. Volume 1 of this report reviews the overall program status, accomplishments, and plan- ning to meet existing and future needs, and presents summary data on water resources development by the Corps. Volume 2 con- tains detailed information on individual Civil Works projects and activities. Detailed data on U.S. waterborne commerce are pub- lished separately. 2. Civil Works activities of the Corps of Engineers involve a nationwide water resources development program which includes the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of works for navigation, beach erosion control, flood contol, hur- ricane protection, hydropower, water supply, water quality con- trol, recreation, fish and wildlife preservation, and related pur- poses, as authorized by law. 3. The active Civil Works program consists of over 4,300 pro- ject authorizations with a total estimated Federal cost of $32 billion. Appropriations for new work under this program have totaled $16 billion. Approximately $16 billion will be required to complete the active authorized improvements of over 1,200 pro- jects. Appropriations for Civil Works activities for fiscal year 1967 totaled $1.3 billion, of which over $1 billion (79 percent) was for new work. 4. Notable progress was made in carrying out project con- struction and placing additional works in useful operation. Con- struction was initiated on 70 new projects and on new items at 7 features of the Mississippi River and tributaries project. Sixty- three other projects, including 6 projects which were initiated, and items at 16 features of the Mississippi River and tributaries project, were placed in beneficial operation. Features at two multiple-purpose projects were also placed in operation. Major structural rehabilitation was carried out on 30 channel and harbor projects, 2 lock and dam projects, one reservoir project, and one multiple-purpose project. Minor structural rehabilitation was conducted on 10 navigation and two flood control projects. vii 5. This program continues to provide large and widespread benefits to the Nation. Items of major importance are- a. Navigation, calendar year 1966. Total U.S. waterborne traffic established a new record for the third consecutive year. Over 1.3 billion tons were distributed among coastal harbors and channels, Great Lakes harbors and channels, and inland and intracoastal waterways in proportions of 47, 17, and 36 percent, respectively. A total of 280 billion ton-miles of freight carried on the Great Lakes and on the inland and intracoastal waterways also established a new record. This total was composed of 116 billion ton-miles on the Great Lakes, the largest movement since 1957, and 164 billion ton-miles on the inland and intracostal waterways system, a new all-time high. b. Flood control. In December 1966 heavy rainfall caused extensive damage in southern and central California, resulting in designation of the locality as a major disaster area. In March 1967, heavy rainfall over the westerly slopes of the Appalachian Mountains caused flooding in Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Unusually heavy rains throughout most of June caused damages to the Missouri River Basin that were the heav- iest of the season. As illustrated by these and other floods during the year, the provision of an adequate degree of flood protection remains one of the most pressing aspects of the Nation's water resource development program. Damages prevented by flood con- trol projects in operation are estimated to exceed one billion dollars this fiscal year, clearly demonstrating the value of such works in reducing the drain on the Nation's economy as a result of flooding. There is a continuing recognition that protective works for flood control must be complemented with zoning con- trols and other regulatory measures to assure proper manage- ment of flood plain use. Under its flood plain management serv- ices program, the Corps is responding to increasing numbers of requests from states and local communities for advice in pre- venting flood damages. c. Hydropower. Installed capacity exceeded the 91/2 million kilowatt mark, the energy generated in fiscal year 1967 amount- ing to 43.7 billion net kilowatt-hours. These figures represent 21 percent of the Nation's total hydropower capacity and genera- tion, and 3.7 percent of its total electric power capacity and generation. The cumulative total energy generated at Corps proj- ects through fiscal year 1967 amounted to about 442 billion kilowatt-hours. d. Water supply. The Corps provides 4.4 million acre-feet of storage for water supply in 45 reservoirs, which supplements viii the water supply for more than 2 million people in about 100 cities, towns, and rural areas.