A Calcium-Antagonist *Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Abelmoschus manihot Manioc Hibiscus 1 9724.0 Abelmoschus esculentus Okra 4 16820.0 Acacia senegal Gum Arabic; Senegal Gum; Sudan Gum Arabic; Gum Arabic Tree; Kher 2 Acacia nilotica Babul 2 Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 1 Acacia farnesiana Opopanax; Huisache; Popinac; Cassie; Sweet Acacia 2 5272.0 Acacia catechu Black Cutch; Catechu 1 Acalypha indica Indian Nettle; Cancer Herb; Three-Seeded-Mercury; Indian Acalypha; Copperleaf 1 Acanthopanax gracilistylis Wu Chia Pi 1 5680.0 Achillea millefolium Yarrow; Milfoil 7 10040.0 Achyranthes bidentata Chaff Flower 1 11460.0 Acinos suaveolens 4 Acinos alpinus Te de Sierra Nevada 1 Aconitum napellus Blue Rocket; Helmet Flower; Garden Wolfsbane; Aconite; Monkshood; Garden Monkshood; Bear's- 2 Foot; Soldier's Cap; Queen's Fettle; European Aconite; Friar's Cap; Turk's Cap Aconitum carmichaelii Fu-Tsu; Aconite 2 980.0 Acorus calamus Calamus; Sweetflag; Myrtle Flag; Sweet Calamus; Flagroot; Sweetroot 8 412968.0 Actaea racemosa Black Snakeroot; Black Cohosh 2 Actaea dahurica Xing an sheng ma; Sheng ma 2 Actaea cimicifuga Bugbane; Foetid Bugbane; Sheng ma 1 Actinidia chinensis Kiwi 3 16280.0 Adenocarpus foliolosus 1 Adenocarpus decorticans 1 Adonis vernalis Spring Adonis 2 Aegle marmelos Bael fruit; Bael de India 3 Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut 1 Aframomum melegueta Malagettapfeffer (Ger.); Grains-of-Paradise; Alligator Pepper; Malagueta (Sp.); Guinea Grains; 1 Melegueta Pepper Agastache rugosa 5 Agastache nepetoides 1 Agastache foeniculum Giant Hyssop 4 Agathosma betulina Mountain Buchu; Honey Buchu; Buchu 3 82220.0 Ageratum conyzoides Mexican ageratum 2 Aglaia leptantha 1 Agrimonia eupatoria Agrimony; Sticklewort 4 Ajuga reptans Bugle; Blue Bugle; Common Bugle; Bugleweed; Bugleherb 1 Ajuga iva Ivy Bugle 1 Akebia quinata Chocolate Vine 1 1680.0 Albizia procera 1 Albizia lebbeck Frywood; East Indian Walnut; Lebbek Tree; Koko; Siris Tree; Lebbek; Women's-Tongue Tree 2 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Thu Sep 23 20:31:09 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Albizia julibrissin Mimosa 1 2180.0 Alchornea floribunda Niando 1 Aleurites moluccana Lumbangtree; Candleberry; Varnishtree; Candlenut Tree; Candlenut; Indian Walnut 1 Alisma plantago-aquatica Tse-Hsieh; Water Plantain; Mud Plantain; Ze-Xie 2 3480.0 Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard 1 Allium schoenoprasum Chives 3 33500.0 Allium sativum var. sativum Garlic 6 77260.0 Allium cepa Onion; Shallot 4 12460.0 Allium ampeloprasum Kurrat; Elephant Garlic 2 13254.0 Alnus glutinosa Black Alder 1 Alocasia macrorrhiza Giant Taro 2 4744.0 Aloe vera Aloe; Bitter Aloes 9 14380.0 Aloe spp. Aloe 2 Aloysia citrodora Lemon Verbena 4 4830.0 Alpinia officinarum Chinese Ginger; Lesser Galangal 1 1600.0 Alpinia galanga Siamese Ginger; Greater Galangal; Languas 3 51688.0 Althaea officinalis White Mallow; Marshmallow 3 13640.0 Amaranthus spinosus Spiny pigweed 1 Amaranthus sp. Pigweed 2 25758.0 Ammi visnaga Visnaga 5 20000.0 Ammi majus Bishop's Weed 11 87000.0 Amomum xanthioides Chin Kousha; Malabar Cardamom; Bastard Cardamom; Tavoy Cardamom 1 7080.0 Amorphophallus konjac Leopard Palm; Elephant Yam; Devil's Tongue; Umbrella Arum; Konjac; Snake Palm 1 Amorphophallus campanulatus Elephant-Foot Yam 2 6798.0 Amphicarpaea edgworthii 1 Amphicarpaea bracteata Hog Peanut 2 Anacardium occidentale Cashew 3 45492.0 Ananas comosus Pineapple 3 10506.0 Andira inermis Cabbage Bark 1 Andira araroba Araroba 2 Anemarrhena asphodeloides Chih-Mu; Zhi-Mu 1 2400.0 Anethum graveolens Garden Dill; Dill 15 22684.0 Angelica sinensis Dang Qui; Dang Gui; Dang Quai; Dong Gui; Dong Quai; Chinese Angelica 4 5908.0 Angelica laxiflora Tu Huo 2 3900.0 Angelica dahurica Bai Zhi 9 7.34 Angelica archangelica Angelica; Garden Angelica; Wild Parsnip 20 18854.0 Anisochilus carnosus Panjiri-ka Pat 1 Anisodus tanguticus Zang Qie 1 Anisomeles malabarica Malabar Catmint 2 Anisomeles indica Kalabhangra 1 Annona squamosa Sugar-Apple; Sweetsop 2 4770.0 Annona reticulata Custard Apple 3 4060.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Thu Sep 23 20:31:09 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Annona muricata Soursop 3 7880.0 Annona glabra Pondapple 1 Annona diversifolia Llama 1 Annona cherimola Cherimoya 3 5540.0 Anthriscus cerefolium Chervil 1 2800.0 Apios americana 1 Apium graveolens Celery 18 27936.489999999998 Arachis hypogaea Groundnut; Peanut 3 31138.0 Aralia cordata Udo 2 2134.0 Arctium lappa Burdock; Gobo; Great Burdock 5 15976.0 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Uva Ursi; Bearberry 4 2802.0 Areca catechu Pin-Lang; Betel Nut 2 1000.0 Argemone mexicana Prickly Poppy 3 2500.0 Argyrocytisus battandieri 1 Arisaema consanguineum Chinese Jack-In-The-Pulpit 1 200.0 Aristolochia debilis Chinese Birthwort 1 3760.0 Armoracia rusticana Horseradish 3 60299.0 Arnica montana Leopard's-Bane; Mountain Tobacco 2 Arracacia xanthorrhiza Arracacha; Peruvian Carrot 1 2140.0 Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort 2 16740.0 Artemisia pallens Davana 1 232.0 Artemisia maritima Sea Wormwood 1 4000.0 Artemisia herba-alba Desert Wormwood 2 4120.0 Artemisia dracunculus Tarragon 12 58979.0 Artemisia capillaris Capillary Wormwood 2 2000.0 Artemisia annua Qinghao; Sweet Annie; Annual Wormwood (GRIN); Sweet Wormwood (GRIN); Annual Mugwort (GRIN) 4 28800.0 Artemisia absinthium Wormwood 1 5200.0 Artemisia abrotanum Southernwood 1 Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit 2 3630.0 Artocarpus altilis Breadfruit 2 5180.0 Asiasarum sieboldii Siebold's Wild Ginger 2 5200.0 Asiasarum heterotropoides Asian Wild Ginger 2 5200.0 Asimina triloba Pawpaw 3 12042.0 Aspalathus linearis Red Bush Tea; Kaffree Tea; Rooibos 4 Asparagus officinalis Asparagus 3 25940.0 Asparagus lucidus Lucid Asparagus 1 860.0 Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco Quebracho 1 Astragalus membranaceus Huang-Chi; Huang Qi 3 6860.0 Atractylodes ovata Pai-Chu; Bai-Zhu 1 1920.0 Atractylodes lancea Cang Zhu 2 1580.0 Avena sativa Oats 3 32600.0 Averrhoa carambola Star Fruit; Carambola 2 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Thu Sep 23 20:31:09 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Averrhoa bilimbi Bilimbi; Limon chino 1 Azadirachta indica Neem 2 22200.0 Bacopa monnieri Water Hyssop; Brahmi 1 Bactris gasipaes Peach palm; Pejibaye 1 Balanites aegyptiacus lalo (India); Soapberry Tree; betu (India); zachun (India); hingotia (India); heglik (Fr.); Zachunbaum 2 780.0 (Ger.); Desert Date; dattier du desert (Fr.); dattier sauvage (Fr.); mirobalano de Egipto (Sp.) Ballota nigra Black Horehound 1 Baptisia tinctoria Wild Indigo 2 Baptisia sp 1 Barosma betulina Buchu 3 82220.0 Basella alba Vinespinach 1 29570.0 Belamcanda chinensis Mariposa (Sp.); Leopard Lily; Leopardenblume (Ger.); Iris Tigre (Fr.); Maravilla (Sp.); Shenan; 1 1940.0 Blackberry Lily Benincasa hispida Waxgourd 2 23240.0 Berberis vulgaris Barberry 8 2860.0 Bertholletia excelsa Paranut; Brazilnut-Tree; Creamnut; Brazilnut 3 6754.0 Beta vulgaris Garden Beet; Beet; Sugar Beet; Beetroot 3 17528.0 Bixa orellana Annatto; Annato; Lipstick Pod; Bija; Arnato; Annoto; Achiote; Lipsticktree 1 260.0 Blechnum orientale Shield Fern; Kuan Chung 1 5160.0 Bletilla striata Hyacinth Bletilla; Hardy Orchid; Chinese Ground Orchid; Bletilla; Hyacinth Orchid; Dai Chi (Chin.); Shiran 1 3780.0 (Jap.) Blighia sapida Akee; Seso Vegetal 1 8530.0 Bocconia frutescens Tree Poppy 2 Bocconia arborea Tree Poppy 1 Boehmeria nivea Ramie 1 11230.0 Borago officinalis Beeplant; Borage; Beebread; Talewort 3 38882.0 Boronia megastigma Scented Boronia 1 Boswellia serrata Salaki; Salai Guggal; Indian Frankincense; Indian Olibanum-Tree; Kundur Luban; Salai 1 Boswellia sacra Weihrauchpflanze (Ger.); Olibanum; Oliban (Sp.); Frankincense; Olibanum Tree; Weihrauchbaum (Ger.); 1 arbol del incensio (Sp.) Bowdichia nitida 1 Brassica rapa Turnip; Seven-Top Turnip; Rapini 2 9160.0 Brassica pekinensis Chinese Cabbage 2 6322.0 Brassica oleracea var. viridis l. Spring-Heading Cabbage; Cow Cabbage; Tree Kale; Collards; Tall Kale 2 13210.0 Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l. Kale; Curly Kale; Kitchen Kale; Scotch Kale 2 19820.0 Brassica oleracea var. italica Winter Broccoli; Purple Cauliflower; Asparagus Broccoli; Cape Broccoli; Calabrese; Heading 3 Broccoli; Broccoli; Sprouting Broccoli Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Brussel-Sprout; Brussels-Sprouts 3 15490.0 Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. White Cabbage; Cabbage; Red Cabbage 4 18158.0 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l. Cauliflower 3 49980.0 Brassica oleracea Kohlrabi 2 18000.0 Brassica nigra Black Mustard 3 12968.0 Brassica napus var. napobrassica Rutabaga; Swedish Turnip; Swede 2 10050.0 Brassica juncea Mustard Greens 1 7674.0 Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Downloaded Thu Sep 23 20:31:09 EDT 2021 National Agricultural Library Plant # Chemicals Total PPM Brassica chinensis Chinese White Cabbage; Chinese Cabbage; Chinese Mustard; Bok-Choy; Pak-Choi; Celery Cabbage; 2 31114.0 Celery Mustard Bromelia pinguin Wild Pineapple 1 6860.0 Brosimum alicastrum Tamamuri; Breadnut 1 Broussonetia papyrifera Paper Mulberry 1 8060.0 Bryonia alba White Bryony 1 Bupleurum chinense Chai-Hu 2 8390.0 Byrsonima crassifolia Nance 1 Cajanus scarabaeoides 1 Cajanus cajan Pigeonpea 2 5760.0 Calamintha nepeta Turkish Calamint 2 Calathea macrosepala Chufle 1 Calendula officinalis