Lichen 101: What An Arborist Needs To Know About Lichen Joe Murray Consulting Arborist/Educator Williamsville, Virginia You are here "When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the Universe." Lynchburg, Virginia South Shields, England Burnsville, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia Crustose Foliose Fruticose Knockan Crag, Scotland Burnsville, Virginia Tree Lungwort (Lobaria pulmonaria) Burnsville, Virginia Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) Burnsville, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia Tulip Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) Burnsville, Virginia White Oak (Quercus alba) Burnsville, Virginia Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) Burnsville, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia Internal Age & Composition & Growth of Trunk State of Tree Quality of Soil Air Pollution Moisture Regime (Acid Precipitation) Human Climate (Arson, Vandalism) Exposure Fire, Snow, Frost (Sunlight) Disease Exposure (Wind) Local Environment Elevation (forest or field) Influence from Animals & Microflora Moss Lichens Fungi Algae Tree Architecture (Crown Shape) Burnsville, Virginia Tree Architecture (Branch Orientation) Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) Burnsville, Virginia Tree Architecture (Branch Orientation) Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Pitch Pine (Pinus rigida) Stemflow Burnsville, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia http://385867928462337283.weebly.com/precambrian.html http://dapa.ciat.cgiar.org/carbon-sequestration-one-true-green-revolution/ http://www.anselm.edu/homepage/jpitocch/genbi101/ecology2communities.html Knockan Crag, Scotland Shenandoah Mountain, Virginia http://chateaumoorhen.blogspot.com/2012/01/sheep-winter-jobs-and-birds-nests.html http://ecosystems2.weebly.com/food-web.html p q Burnsville, Virginia Glen Affric, Scotland Shenandoah, Virginia River Glass, Cannich, Scotland Glen Affric, Scotland Pruning Amherst, Virginia Burnsville, Virginia Fertilization & Irrigation www.embarkservices.com Selection & Mulching Waynesboro, Virginia Staunton, Virginia Lightning Protection & Pest Management www.turnbull-lichens.us/?page_id=39 Managing Invasive Species & Tree Risk Assessment Burnsville, Virginia Lichen Transplants? … ______ are the essence of wildness. Irwin Brodo are the essence of wildness. Irwin Brodo Glen Affric, Scotland Joe Murray [email protected] [email protected] 8703 Muddy Run Road Williamsville, Virginia 24487.