No. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) JAMUNA MULTIPURPOSE BRIDGE AUTHORITY (JMBA) The Feasibility Study of Padma Bridge in The People's Republic of BANGLADESH FINAL REPORT Volume 7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL/RESETTLEMENT STUDIES MARCH, 2005 NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. in association with CONSTRUCTION PROJECT CONSULTANTS, INC. S D J R 05-017 THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PADMA BRIDGE FINAL REPORT (VOLUME VII) MARCH 2005 CONTENTS OF FINAL REPORT VOLUME I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VOLUME II MAIN REPORT VOLUME III SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND TRANSPORT STUDIES APPENDIX-1: ECONOMIC FEATURE OF BANGLADESH APPENDIX-2: TRANSPORT STUDIES VOLUME IV TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION APPENDIX-3: TOPOGRAPHIC AND BATHYMETRIC SURVEYS APPENDIX-4: GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION VOLUME V RIVER STUDIES APPENDIX-5: RIVER AND RIVER MORPHOLOGY APPENDIX-6: HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS APPENDIX-7: RIVER ENGINEERING VOLUME VI HIGHWAY, BRIDGE AND OTHER ENGINEERING STUDIES APPENDIX-8: BRIDGE ENGINEERING APPENDIX-9: HIGHWAY ENGINEERING APPENDIX-10: RAILWAY PROVISION VOLUME VII ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL/RESETTLEMENT STUDIES APPENDIX-11: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES APPENDIX-12: SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND RESETTLEMENT FRAMEWORK VOLUME VIII DRAWINGS OF PRELIMINARY FACILITY DESIGN VOLUME IX SUPPORTING STUDIES (Provided by electric files. Original copies are kept by JMBA and JICA Tokyo.) THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PADMA BRIDGE FINAL REPORT (VOLUME VII) MARCH 2005 The Feasibility Study of Padma Bridge Final Report (Vol. 4 Topographic Survey and Geotechnical Investigation) Table of Contents Appendix 11 Environmental Studies ...........................................................................A11-1 Chapter 1 Environmental Considerations for Initial Screening............................A11-1 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................A11-1 1.1.1 Steps of the Environmental Study .....................................................................A11-1 1.1.2 Time Frame of the Environmental Study ..........................................................A11-1 1.1.3 Approaches to the Environmental Studies.........................................................A11-3 1.2 Environmental Laws and Guidelines...........................................................................A11-3 1.2.1 Environmental laws of Bangladesh ...................................................................A11-3 1.2.2 Guidelines to be followed..................................................................................A11-6 1.3 Reconnaissance survey................................................................................................A11-8 1.4 Initial Evaluation of Four Alternatives......................................................................A11-14 Chapter 2 Initial Environmental Examinations (IEE) .........................................A11-16 2.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................A11-16 2.2 Scope, Approach & Methodology .............................................................................A11-16 2.2.1 Scope of IEE....................................................................................................A11-16 2.2.2 Approach of the Study.....................................................................................A11-16 2.2.3 Methodology ...................................................................................................A11-27 2.3 Project Description (Sites and Activities)..................................................................A11-27 2.3.1 Bridge Sites.....................................................................................................A11-27 2.3.2 Environmental Impact Study Area ..................................................................A11-31 2.3.3 Project Activities.............................................................................................A11-31 2.4 Natural Environment .................................................................................................A11-33 2.4.1 Meteorology ....................................................................................................A11-33 2.4.2 Topography and Geology ................................................................................A11-34 2.4.3 Hydrology........................................................................................................A11-37 2.4.4 Landscape........................................................................................................A11-43 2.5 Ecological Environment............................................................................................A11-43 2.5.1 Flora and Fauna ...............................................................................................A11-43 2.5.2 Environmentally Protected and Sensitive Areas..............................................A11-45 2.6 Environmental Pollution............................................................................................A11-47 2.6.1 Water Pollution................................................................................................A11-47 i THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PADMA BRIDGE FINAL REPORT (VOLUME VII) MARCH 2005 2.6.2 Other Pollutions...............................................................................................A11-47 2.7 Social Environmental................................................................................................A11-47 2.7.1 Socioeconomic condition................................................................................A11-47 2.7.2 Social Infrastructures.......................................................................................A11-49 2.7.3 Water Rights....................................................................................................A11-51 2.8 Screening...................................................................................................................A11-51 2.8.1 Screening Process............................................................................................A11-51 2.8.2 Impact Analysis ...............................................................................................A11-51 2.8.3 Impact Rating ..................................................................................................A11-54 2.8.4 Grading Matrix................................................................................................A11-57 2.8.5 Comparison between Two Sites ......................................................................A11-57 Chapter 3 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) ...........................................A11-59 3.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................A11-59 3.2 Scope & Approach.....................................................................................................A11-59 3.2.1 Scope of EIA ...................................................................................................A11-59 3.2.2 Approach of EIA.............................................................................................A11-59 3.3 EIA Study Area and Project Component ...................................................................A11-60 3.3.1 Proposed Main Bridge Site..............................................................................A11-60 3.3.2 Bridge Connecting Approach Road.................................................................A11-60 3.3.3 River Training Works Area..............................................................................A11-60 3.3.4 Project Activities.............................................................................................A11-61 3.4 Environmental Investigation of Similar Projects ......................................................A11-61 3.4.1 Review of Padma Bridge pre-feasibility .........................................................A11-61 3.4.2 Environmental experiences of Jamuna Bridge ................................................A11-62 3.4.3 Environmental experiences of Paksey Bridge.................................................A11-65 3.4.4 Environmental experiences of Bhairab Bridge................................................A11-67 3.4.5 Environmental Experiences of Rupsa Bridge..................................................A11-68 3.4.6 Summary and Conclusions..............................................................................A11-68 3.5 Methodology .............................................................................................................A11-69 3.5.1 General ............................................................................................................A11-69 3.5.2 Baseline Data Collection .................................................................................A11-69 3.5.3 Conducting EIA...............................................................................................A11-71 3.6 Scoping and Bounding..............................................................................................A11-73 3.6.1 Scoping............................................................................................................A11-73 3.6.2 Bounding .........................................................................................................A11-74 ii THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF PADMA BRIDGE FINAL REPORT (VOLUME VII) MARCH 2005 3.7 Information