SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE S1. List of 19 MM cell lines used in this study. No Cell line Source 1 NCI-H28 ATCC 2 NCI-H2452 ATCC 3 NCI-H2052 ATCC 4 MSTO-211H ATCC 5 ACC-MESO-1 RBCCB 6 ACC-MESO-4 RBCCB 7 HMMME RBCCB 8 ONE58 ECACC 9 NO36 ECACC 10 LO68 ECACC 11 Mero-14 ECACC 12 Mero-25 ECACC 13 Mero-41 ECACC 14 Mero-48a ECACC 15 Mero-82 ECACC 16 Mero-83 ECACC 17 Mero-84 ECACC 18 Mero-95 ECACC 19 NCI-H226 ATCC Abbreviations: ATCC, American Type Culture Collection (Manassas,VA); RBCCB, RIKEN BioResource Center Cell Bank (Tsukuba, Japan); ECACC, European Collection of Cell Cultures (Salisbury, UK). SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE S2. Clinicopathological characteristics of 23 MM cases subjected to targeted exon sequ Asbestos Pathological Sample Tumor / normal Gender Age Smoking Surgery exposure type CT-1T Tumor and normal F 40 no yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-2T Tumor and normal M 51 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-3T Tumor and normal M 50 yes no B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-4T Tumor and normal M 56 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-5T Tumor and normal M 67 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-6T Tumor and normal M 60 yes yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-7T Tumor and normal M 48 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-9T Tumor and normal M 46 no no B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-10T Tumor and normal M 54 yes yes E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-11T Tumor and normal M 61 yes yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-12T Tumor and normal M 50 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-13T Tumor and normal F 56 no no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-14T Tumor and normal M 62 yes yes E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-15T Tumor and normal M 66 no yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-18T Tumor and normal M 61 yes unknown S panpleuropneumonectomy CT-19T Tumor and normal M 68 yes yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-20T Tumor and normal M 60 yes unknown E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-21T Tumor and normal M 71 yes yes S panpleuropneumonectomy CT-22T Tumor and normal M 58 yes no E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-23T Tumor and normal F 52 yes unknown E panpleuropneumonectomy CT-24T Tumor and normal M 65 yes yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-33T Tumor and normal M 55 yes yes B panpleuropneumonectomy CT-46T Tumor and normal M 41 yes unknown B panpleuropneumonectomy Abbreviations: B, Biphasic; E, Epithelial; S, Sarcomatous; F, Female; M, Male. SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE S3. Hippo pathway genes sequenced in this study. Gene symbol Target HGNC ID Function Location LATS1 exon + intron HGNC:6514 LATS, large tumor suppressor, homolog 1 (Drosophila) 6q25.1 LATS2 exon + intron HGNC:6515 LATS, large tumor suppressor, homolog 2 (Drosophila) 13q11-q12 FAT4 exon HGNC:23109 FAT tumor suppressor homolog 4 (Drosophila) 4q28.1 CRB1 exon HGNC:2343 crumbs homolog 1 (Drosophila) 1q31-q32.1 CRB2 exon HGNC:18688 crumbs homolog 2 (Drosophila) 9q33.2 CRB3 exon HGNC:20237 crumbs homolog 3 (Drosophila) 19p13.3 NF2 exon HGNC:7773 neurofibromin 2 (merlin) 22q12.2 FRMD1 exon HGNC:21240 FERM domain containing 1 6q27 RASSF2 exon HGNC:9883 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 2 20p13 RASSF3 exon HGNC:14271 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 3 12q14.2 RASSF4 exon HGNC:20793 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 4 10q11.1 RASSF5 exon HGNC:17609 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 5 1q31 RASSF6 exon HGNC:20796 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 6 4q21.1 KIBRA exon HGNC:29435 WW and C2 domain containing 1 5q34 MST2 exon HGNC:11406 serine/threonine kinase 3 8q22.2 MST3 exon HGNC:11403 serine/threonine kinase 24 13q31.2-q32.3 MST4 exon Gene ID: 51765 Serine/threonine protein kinase MST4 Xq26.2 MOB3C exon HGNC:29800 MOB kinase activator 3C 1p34.1 MOB4 exon HGNC:17261 MOB family member 4, phocein 2q33.1 MOB1B exon HGNC:29801 MOB kinase activator 1B 4q13.3 MOB2 exon HGNC:24904 MOB kinase activator 2 11p15.5 MOB3A exon HGNC:29802 MOB kinase activator 3A 19p13.3 MOB3B exon HGNC:23825 MOB kinase activator 3B 9p21.1 FRMD6 exon HGNC:19839 FERM domain containing 6 14q22.1 RASSF1A exon HGNC:9882 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family member 1 3p21.3 SAV1 exon HGNC:17795 salvador homolog 1 (Drosophila) 14q13-q23 MST1 exon HGNC:7380 macrophage stimulating 1 (hepatocyte growth factor-like) 3p21 MOB1A exon HGNC:16015 MOB kinase activator 1A 2p13.1 TAZ exon HGNC:11577 tafazzin Xq28 YWHAB exon HGNC:12849 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, beta polypeptide 20q13.1 YWHAE exon HGNC:12851 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, epsilon polypeptide 17p13.3 YWHAG exon HGNC:12852 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, gamma polypeptide 7q11.23 YWHAH exon HGNC:12853 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, eta polypeptide 22q12.1-q13.1 YWHAQ exon HGNC:12854 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, theta polypeptide 2p25.2-p25.1 YWHAZ exon HGNC:12855 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide 8q22.3 YWHAS exon HGNC:10773 stratifin 1p36.11 TEAD1 exon HGNC:11714 TEA domain family member 1 (SV40 transcriptional enhancer factor) 11p15.4 TEAD2 exon HGNC:11715 TEA domain family member 2 19q13.3 TEAD3 exon HGNC:11716 TEA domain family member 3 6p21.2 TEAD4 exon HGNC:11717 TEA domain family member 4 12p13.3-p13.2 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE S4. Whole-exon sequencing of 6 MM cell lines. No. Gene symbol Chr RefSeqb cDNA Amino acid Type 211H H2452 H28 MESO4 H2052 MESO1 1 EI24 11 NM_001007277 c.732_733insC p.R244fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 2 KRTAP4-8 17 NM_031960 c.C204A p.S68R nonsynonymous SNV - - ○ - - ○ KRTAP4-8 17 NM_031960 c.2_3insA p.M1fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 3 PRIM2 6 NM_000947 c.889_890insA p.E297fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ PRIM2 6 NM_000947 c.C916T p.R306X stopgain SNV - ○ - - - - 4 PRSS1 7 NM_002769 c.A508G p.K170E nonsynonymous SNV ○ ○ - - ○ ○ PRSS1 7 NM_002769 c.G512A p.C171Y nonsynonymous SNV ○ - - ○ - - PRSS1 7 NM_002769 c.G542A p.S181N nonsynonymous SNV ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 5 PRSS2 7 NM_002770 c.C10T p.P4S nonsynonymous SNV - - ○ ○ - - PRSS2 7 NM_002770 c.C47T p.T16I nonsynonymous SNV ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ PRSS2 7 NM_002770 c.C95A p.S32Y nonsynonymous SNV ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 6 PRSS3 9 NM_001197098 c.284_285del p.95_95del frameshift deletion ○ - ○ - - - PRSS3 9 NM_001197098 c.A493G p.K165E nonsynonymous SNV - ○ - - - - PRSS3 9 NM_001197098 c.G524A p.S175N nonsynonymous SNV ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ PRSS3 9 NM_001197098 c.639delT p.C213fs frameshift deletion - - ○ - - - 7 ZNF595 4 NM_182524 c.600_601insA p.Y200fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ 8 DDHD1 14 NM_001160148 c.337_338insGGCGGC p.S113delinsGGS nonframeshift insertion ○ ○ - ○ ○ ○ 9 KRT10 17 NM_000421 c.1637_1638del p.546_546del frameshift deletion - - ○ - - - KRT10 17 NM_000421 c.1468_1479del p.490_493del nonframeshift deletion ○ - - ○ ○ ○ KRT10 17 NM_000421 c.1473_1477del p.491_493del frameshift deletion - - ○ - - - 10 MLL3 7 NM_170606 c.A11405G p.D3802G nonsynonymous SNV - - - - ○ - MLL3 7 NM_170606 c.2448_2449insA p.Y816_I817delinsX stopgain SNV ○ ○ ○ - - ○ 11 OR1B1 9 NM_001004450 c.45_46insT p.L15fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ - 12 ZAN 7 NM_173059 c.3290_3292del p.1097_1098del nonframeshift deletion - ○ - - ○ - ZAN 7 NM_003386 c.5767_5768insG p.F1923fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ - ○ - ○ 13 ALMS1 2 NM_015120 c.1570_1571insCTC p.S524delinsSP nonframeshift insertion ○ ○ - - ○ ○ 14 FZD1 7 NM_003505 c.264_265insCCG p.Q88delinsQP nonframeshift insertion ○ - ○ - ○ ○ 15 HOXD9 2 NM_014213 c.794_795insGCA p.P265delinsPQ nonframeshift insertion ○ ○ ○ ○ - - 16 KDM6B 17 NM_001080424 c.752_753insACCACC p.L251delinsLPP nonframeshift insertion - ○ - - ○ - KDM6B 17 NM_001080424 c.753_755del p.251_252del nonframeshift deletion - - - ○ - - KDM6B 17 NM_001080424 c.C1881G p.S627R nonsynonymous SNV - - ○ - - - 17 SLC9B1 4 NM_139173 c.1338_1339del p.446_447del frameshift deletion - - ○ ○ ○ ○ 18 AHNAK 11 NM_001620 c.C8897T p.P2966L nonsynonymous SNV ○ - - - - - AHNAK 11 NM_001620 c.C7225T p.P2409S nonsynonymous SNV - - - - ○ - AHNAK 11 NM_001620 c.C5565G p.I1855M nonsynonymous SNV - - - - - ○ 19 C15orf40 15 NM_001160113 c.396_397insT p.L132fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ - - - - C15orf40 15 NM_001160113 c.395delT p.L132X stopgain SNV - - - - - ○ 20 CDC27 17 NM_001114091 c.C818G p.A273G nonsynonymous SNV ○ - - ○ ○ - 21 COL6A6 3 NM_001102608 c.T3410C p.I1137T nonsynonymous SNV ○ - - - - - COL6A6 3 NM_001102608 c.C3883T p.R1295X stopgain SNV - - - - ○ - COL6A6 3 NM_001102608 c.T5542C p.F1848L nonsynonymous SNV - - ○ - - - 22 LOC388946 2 NM_001145051 c.462delG p.E154fs frameshift deletion ○ - - - ○ ○ 23 MAGEF1 3 NM_022149 c.477_478insGGA p.D159delinsED nonframeshift insertion ○ ○ ○ - - - 24 MCC 5 NM_001085377 c.64_65insGGC p.S22delinsGS nonframeshift insertion - ○ - ○ - ○ 25 MEGF9 9 NM_001080497 c.89_94del p.30_32del nonframeshift deletion - ○ ○ ○ - - 26 NBPF9 1 NM_001037675 c.116_117insAG p.K39fs frameshift insertion ○ ○ - ○ - - 27 NUDT11 X NM_018159 frameshift deletion ○ - - ○ - ○ 28 OVGP1 1 NM_002557 c.1560_1561insA p.G520fs frameshift insertion ○ - - - ○ ○ 29 RBMX X NM_002139 c.906_907insCC p.P302fs frameshift insertion ○ - - - ○ - RBMX X NM_002139 c.316_317insTT p.P106fs frameshift insertion ○ - ○ - ○ - 30 TDG 12 NM_003211 c.286_287insA p.E96fs frameshift insertion - ○ ○ ○ - - 31 ZFHX3 16 NM_001164766 c.2482_2483insCAA p.A828delinsQA nonframeshift insertion - - ○ - - - ZFHX3 16 NM_001164766 c.2476_2481del p.826_827del nonframeshift deletion - - - - - ○ ZFHX3 16 NM_006885 c.C1114G p.R372G nonsynonymous SNV - - - ○ - - 32 ABCA7 19 NM_019112 c.1180_1190del p.394_397del frameshift deletion