DOCUMENT RESUME ED 366 050 EA 025 505 AUTHOR Williams, Leonard, Ed.; Press, Harold, Ed. TITLE Our Children Our Future. The Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Delivery of Programs and Services in Primary, Elementary, Secondary Education. Commissioned Studies. INSTITUTION Newfoundland and Labrador Dept. of Education. REPORT NO ISBN-0-920,59-95-0 PUB DATE 92 NOTE 685p.; For Summary Report,see EA 025 502; for full report, see EA 025 503. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) EDRS PRICE MF04/PC28 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Access to Education; Accountability; Educational Finance; Educational History; *Educational Quality; *Educational Trends; Elementary Secondary Education; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Governance; Instructional Improvement; Primary Education; Role of Education; Teacher Role IDENTIFIERS *Newfoundland ABSTRACT This book contains 22 backgroundpapers or research studies, which were commissioned in 1990 by the RoyalCommission of Inquiry, Newfoundland (Canada), toassess the delivery of services in primary, elementary, and secondary education. Part 1, "Historical Features," includes: (1) "A Historical Overview ofDevelopments in Newfoundland's Primary-Elementary-Secondary Education System"(Lorne Wheeler); and (2) "The Administration of Newfoundland'sSchool System: Past, Present, and Future" (Tom Pope). Part 2, "TheMandate of Schools," contains: (3) "Mandate of Schools: A PositionPaper" (Lloyd Brown);(4) "Components of a Mandate Statement" (Sr.Teresita Dobbin); and (5) "Expanding Expectations-ConflictingIdeologies: Re-thinking the Process of Education in Newfoundland" (Dennis Mulcahy). The third part, "Trends in Education,"is comprised of: (6) "School Councils" (Jeannie House);(7) "Community Use of Schools: Evolution or Revolution" (Tom Clift); (8) "Multi-Grading" (Regina Warren); and (9) "Distance Education" (GarfieldFizzard). The chapters in part 4, "Critical Goals for Education," include:(10) "Equalizing Educational Opportunity" (Charlotte Strongwith Bryan Hartman, et al.); and (11) "Performance Indicators andSystem Accountability" (Robert Crocker). The fifth part, "CriticalIssues in Education," contains: (12) "The Use of InstructionalTime" (Alice Collins); (13) "The Changing Face of Teaching" (EricBurry and Reginald Bonnell); and (14) "Native Education" (Frank Riggs). Chapters that comprise part 6 include: (15) "Governanceand Administrative Issues" (Larry Moss); (16) "A Study ofthe Provision of Support Services to Schools and Teachersby School District Personnel in Newfoundland and Labrador" (Frank Crammand Royston Kelleher); (17) "School-based Administration:Changing Roles and Expectations" (George Hickman and Dennis Treslan); (18)"Curriculum" (Clar Doyle and Dennis Mulcahy); and (19) "AnExamination of Critical Factors in the Establishment of Effective School Districts"(Dennis Treslan). Part 7 include's: (20) "Costsand Consequences: An Examination of the Potential for Consolidation withinthe Education System and the Associated Costs" (Harold Press). rhe finalpart contains: (21) "Attitudes Toward Denominational Educationin NewfoUndland" (Mark Graesser); and (22) "Public AttitudesToward Educational Change in Newfoundland, 1991" (Jeffrey Bulcock). References accompany ach chapter. (LMI) urChildren urFuture U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATFON Office of Educauonat Research and Impfovement EDUCAJ1ONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Trus document has been reproduced as recenred from the person or orgamzatoon onmnatmg C Mfnor changes have been made to unproye reproduchon Oualny Pmnts of vfew of ommons staled fl this deco rnent do not necessanIy represent °theist OEM posthon or policy Commissioned Studies "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ER)C)... Leonard Williams Harold Press Editors ,) Royal Commission of Inquiry Into the Delivery of Progrr,- and -Services In Primary, Elementary, Secondary Educatit,i) BEST COPY AVAILABLE ur Children ur Future Commissioned Studies Edited by: Leonard Williams Harold Press Each of the studies in this report was commissioned by the Royal Commission on Education. The findings of the individual studies are the personal responsibility of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Commission. 1992 ISBN 0-920769-95-0 3 Table of Contents Preface vii Part I Historical Features 1 A Historical Overview of Developments in Newfoundland's Primary-Elementary-Secondary Education System Lorne Wheeler 3 2 The Administration of Newfoundland's School System:Past; Present and Future Toni Pope 8 Part II The Mandate of Schools 3 Mandate of Schools: A Position Paper Lloyd Brown 21 4 Components of a Mandate Statement Sr. Teresita Dobbin 29 5 Expanding Expectations-Conflicting Ideologies: Re-thinking the Process of Education in Newfoundland Dennis Mulcahy 33 Part III Trends in Education 6 School Councils Jeannie House 43 7 Community Use of Schools: Evolution or Revolution Torn CO' 59 8 Multi-grading Regina Warren 75 9 Distance Education Garfield Fizzard 87 4 Commissioned Studies Part IV Critical Goals for Education 10 Equalizing Educational Opportunity Charlotte Strong with BryanHartman, Gary Jeff7, Ed Mackey, Trudy Pound-Curtis, ValerieRoyal, Craig Westcou and Working Unit on Child Sexual Abuse 119 11 Performance Indicators and SystemAccountability Robert Crocker 199 Part V Critical Issues in Education 12 The Use of Instructional Time Alice Collins 257 13 The Changing Face of Teaching Eric Burry and Reginald Bonne li 267 14 Native Education Frank Riggs 289 Part VI The Organization of Education 15 Governance and AdministrativeIssues Larry Moss 301 16 A Study of the Provision ofSupport Services to Schoolsand Teachers by School DistrictPersonnel in Newfoundland and Labrador Frank Cramm and Royston Kelleher 319 17 School-based Administration:Changing Roles and Expectations George Hickman and Dennis Tres lan 383 18 Curriculum Clar Doyle and Dennis Mulcahy 451 19 An Examination of CriticalFactors in the Establishmentof Effective School Districts Dennis Tres lan 467 iv 5 Commissioned Studies Part VII The Cost of Education 20 Costs and Consequences: An Examination of the Potential for Consolidation within the Education System and the Associated Costs Harold Press 509 Part VIH Public Opinion about Education 21 Attitudes Toward Denominational Education in Newfoundland Mark Graesser 593 22 Public Attitudes Toward Educational Change in Newfoundland, 1991 Jeffrey Bulcock 641 v Preface The Royal Commission on Education wasappointed on August 6, 1990 to conduct an impartial assessment into the delivery of programsand services in Primary, Elementary and Secondary Education. The following mandate wasgiven the Commission: to examine the current organizationaland administrative structures for delivering school and school related programs and services atthe provincial, regional, school district and school levels; to examine the extent to which schooldistricts and schools can be further consolidated and the costs associated with such consolidation; to examine the nature and extent of thecommunity use of schools, the school's use of non-school board owned fac.lities and thepotential for joint funding of school- community facilities; to examine the extent of duplicationresulting from the denominational system and the costs associated with such duplication; to examine the effectiveness ofexisting co-operative efforts within and across school districts and suggest where and how new initiatives maybe taken in this regard; to identify any existing barriers to theeffective, efficient and equitable delivery of programs and services, and to propose corrective measuresand incentives; to consider the matter of accessibilityfor those groups and individuals who may not now be adequately served; and to investigate other matters necessary torealize this mandate. At the outset, the Commission decided upon amulti-faceted approach in carrying out its mandate. Early in its work the general public wasprovided with an opportunity for extensive input. The response to this invitation to participate clearlydemonstrated a high level of interest and concern for education in the Province. Atotal of 1,041 written and oral submissions representing 3,677 individuals and 384 groups andorganizations were received. The submissions came from 173 communities and represented abroad spectrum of society, including parents, teachers, school boards,business and industry, churches, education andhealth organizations and community groups. In addition tothe briefs, 128 petitions containing 8,787 names were received. As well, inorder to provide a comprehensive perspective onthose issues bearing on its mandate, the Commission undertook an assessmentof major education reports and studies written since the last Royal Commission 25 years ago.Focus groups and interviews were conducted to provide additionalopportunities for groups and individuals to addressspecific issues of concern. Finally, a number of background papers and researchstudies were commissioned. These studies were undertaken by both the Commission's ownstaff and others having expertise in vii Commissioned Studies particular areas. The Commission defined eachof the studies and, whereappropriate, established an advisory panelto focus the research effort andto assist with its findings, analysis and conclusions. This book contains a briefstatement of each problem or researchtask given to the individual investigators followed bythe completed study. TheCommission is grateful for the co-operation it received from so