Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 33: 49-84, 2014 BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl DOI 10.2478/biorc-2014-0002 Submitted 14.03.2013, Accepted 12.01.2014 Carex flava agg. (section Ceratocystis, Cyperaceae) in Poland: distribution maps and locality lists Helena Więcław Department of Plant Taxonomy and Phytogeography, Faculty of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This paper presents lists of localities and distribution maps of Carex taxa of the section Ceratocystis in Poland. Distribution maps of individual taxa are based on the ATPOL grid, using material deposited in Polish herbaria and private collections as well as material collected during field research in 2007-2012. The collected data indicate that i( ) in Poland C. flava s.s. is the most common species of the section Ceratocystis, whereas C. hostiana is the rarest one; (ii) most of the localities of C. demissa are situated in southern Poland, especially in Małopolska, Podkarpacie, and Silesia Provinces (iii) C. lepidocarpa is most frequent in Polesie, Lublin Upland, Małopolska, and Pomerania; no records of this species in southernmost parts of Poland have been confirmed; (iv) C. viridula var. viridula is frequent in Poland, whereas C. viridula var. pulchella is only known from 2 localities in the north; (v) the most frequent hybrid in Poland is C. ×alsatica [C. demissa × C. flava], while C. ×ruedtii [C. flava× C. lepidocarpa], C. ×subviridula [C. flava × C. viridula], and C. ×schatzii [C. lepidocarpa × C. viridula] are reported less often; the rarest hybrids are C. demissa × C. viridula, C. ×fulva [C. demissa × C. hostiana], and C. ×leutzii [C. hostiana × C. lepidocarpa]. Key words: Carex flava agg., Carex hostiana, hybrids, Ceratocystis, Cyperaceae, distribution, ATPOL, Poland Contents 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 54 2. Material and methods ...................................................................................................................................... 54 3. Distribution maps of Carex taxa within the section Ceratocystis ................................................................... 55 3.1. Carex demissa Hornem. .......................................................................................................................... 55 3.2. Carex flava L. ......................................................................................................................................... 55 3.3. Carex hostiana DC. ................................................................................................................................ 57 3.4. Carex lepidocarpa Tausch ...................................................................................................................... 58 3.5. Carex viridula Michx. ............................................................................................................................ 59 4. Distribution maps of hybrids within the section Ceratocystis ........................................................................ 59 4.1. Carex ×alsatica Zahn [C. demissa × C. flava] ........................................................................................ 59 4.2. Carex demissa × Carex viridula ............................................................................................................. 59 4.3. Carex ×fulva Gooden. [C. demissa × C. hostiana] ................................................................................. 60 4.4. Carex ×leutzii Kneuck. [C. hostiana × C. lepidocarpa] ......................................................................... 61 4.5. Carex ×ruedtii Kneuck. [C. flava × C. lepidocarpa] .............................................................................. 62 4.6. Carex ×schatzii Kneuck. [C. lepidocarpa × C. viridula] ........................................................................ 63 4.7. Carex ×subviridula Fernald [C. flava × C. viridula] .............................................................................. 63 5. Final remarks and conclusions ........................................................................................................................ 63 References ............................................................................................................................................................ 63 Appendices ........................................................................................................................................................... 65 ©Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Poland), Department of Plant Taxonomy. All rights reserved. 54 Helena Więcław Carex flava aggregate (section Ceratocystis, Cyperaceae) in Poland: distribution maps... 1. Introduction This study was aimed to present the distribution of species and hybrids within the section Ceratocystis The genus Carex L. is one of the few truly cosmo- in Poland based on herbarium specimens loaned from politan plant genera (Good 1974) with centres of diver- Polish herbaria and private collections as well as on sity in the temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and the material collected during my field research. Americas (Govaerts et al. 2010). Sedges of this genus are absent in tropical lowlands, except for a few spe- 2. Material and methods cies present in southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (Ball & Reznicek 2002). Some species exhibit disjunct Plant material for this study included herbarium speci- distribution patterns, such as bipolar or eastern Asian- mens from 26 Polish herbaria (BIL, BNPH, BSG, BYDG, eastern North American distributions (Moore & Chater DRAPN, KRA, KRAM, KRAB, KTC, KTU, LBLM, 1971; Ball 1990; Escudero et al. 2010; Villaverde et al. LOD, OLTC, OPOL, POZ, PUMA, TRN, SLTC, SPNH, 2012). SZUB, SZCZ, UGDA, WA, WRSL, WSRP, ZAMU) and Taxa of the section Ceratocystis Dumort. are found loans from 7 private collections, as well as plants collected frequently in the Northern Hemisphere, frequent both during field research in 2007-2012. Abbreviations of the in Europe and in North America (Meusel et al. 1965; names of herbaria follow Mirek et al. (1997). Hultén & Fries 1986a, 1986b). Members of this section Localities of pure taxa and hybrids are presented were described by Raymond (1951) as Amphi-Atlantic on maps based on the ATPOL grid (Zając 1978) and species (see also Davies 1953b), but according to Ball as locality lists ordered alphabetically according to (1990), species like C. flavaL. and C. viridula Michx., Polish names of provinces (voivodeships): Dolnośląskie which are more widespread in Europe and North (Lower Silesia Province), Kujawsko-Pomorskie America, but absent from much of Asia, are probably (Kujawy-Pomerania Province), Lubelskie (Lublin more reasonably interpreted as fragmented circumpolar Province), Lubuskie (Lubusz Province), Łódzkie (Łódź distribution (see also Kuchel & Bruederle 2000). Province), Małopolskie (Małopolska [Lesser Poland] In Poland 6 taxa of the section Ceratocystis are Province), Mazowieckie (Masovia Province), Opol- found: C. hostiana DC., C. flava L., C. lepidocarpa skie (Opole Province), Podkarpackie (Podkarpacie Tausch, C. demissa Hornem., C. viridula Michx. var. Province), Podlaskie (Podlasie Province), Pomorskie viridula, and var. pulchella (Lönnroth) B. Schmid, and (Pomerania Province), Śląskie (Silesia Province), the following 7 hybrids: C. ×alsatica Zahn, C. ×ruedtii Świętokrzyskie (Świętokrzyskie Province), Warmińsko- Kneuck., C. ×schatzii Kneuck., C. ×subviridula Fer- Mazurskie (Warmia-Masuria Province), Wielkopolskie nald, C. demissa × C. viridula, C. ×fulva Gooden., and (Wielkopolska [Greater Poland] Province), Zachodnio- C. ×leutzii Kneuck. (Więcław 2014). Among them, pomorskie (West Pomerania Province). C. hostiana and C. flava are morphologically best The records include the following data: ATPOL defined, usually easily identifiable. Delimitation of other square, place of collection (geographic name of the locali- taxa of the section Ceratocystis is difficult because of ty: town, village, lake, nature reserve, forest section, etc., their variable morphology, overlap of ranges of many depending on information given on labels), collector’s characters, and appearance of hybrids whose characters name, year of collection, herbarium name abbreviation are intermediate between those of parental species (private collections and own material were marked with * (Więcław 2014). and **, respectively). Taxa are listed alphabetically, first During examination of herbarium specimens, quite the species and lower taxa, followed by the hybrids. some errors in species identification were noticed on In many cases (most of the specimens collected in their labels. Some herbarium specimens were hybrids the late 19th and early 20th century), labels of herbarium classified by collectors as pure species (in fact, hybrids specimens contained too general information about the within the section Ceratocystis were not distinguished location of the taxa; often the geographic name was in Poland before this study). The complex pattern of ambiguous (as localities with the same name are found variation of taxa within the section Ceratocystis makes in various parts of Poland) or no information was given it difficult to delimit them unambiguously (which was about place of collection. In such cases, the ATPOL evidenced empirically during examination of herbarium square was not