Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 49 (1): 135-1 52 1979 A review of the species of Acrometopa Fieber, 1853 (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Phaneropterinae) with special reference to the Greek fauna by Fer Willemse Laurastraat 67, Eygelshoven, The Netherlands Abstract Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien (NMW); Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie, Amsterdam( ZMA); Istituto Policat- The characters previously used for the distinction of the tedra di Catania (IBA); British Museum differential Biologia Animale, species of Acrometopa are reviewed and modified of (Natural History), London (BMNH) ; Hope Department diagnoses are given. Neotypes for A. macropoda (Burmeister) Entomology, University Museum, Oxford (HMO); Natuur- and A. servillea (Brullé) and a lectotype for A. syriaca Brun- historisch Maastricht (NMM). island Museum, ner von Wattenwyl are designated. From the Aegean For the loan of material thanks are due to Dr. A. Kalten- of Ikaría A. cretensis daedali nov. subsp. is described, and a bach, Vienna, Dr. G. Kruseman, Amsterdam, Dr. M. La key to the species and subspecies is given. The geographical Greca, Catania, Mrs. L. Pitkin, London, and Dr. C. O'Toole, variation within A. macropoda is described and discussed. A Oxford. For valuable information on type-material I am much critical review of previous records in literature, together with indebted Dr. M. Paris, and Dr. M. Dohrn, addition of distributional data from has to Descamps, the new Greece, Halle-Wittenberg, and to the Institut für Pflanzenschutz- brought more logic in the known distributional pattern of the forschung, Hberswalde (DDR). species. SYSTEMATIC PART INTRODUCTION Acrometopa Fieber, 1853 rich material Acro- During the examination of a of Acrometopa Fieber, 1853: 172; Brunner von Wattenwyl, metopa from Greece it became apparent that certain 1878: 14, 85; 1882: 189, 246; 1891: 5; Ramme, 1927: 119; characters which had been considered of diagnostic Bei-Bienko, 1954: 56, 121; Harz, 1969: 8, 18. value for the distinction of the species were not Type-species: Phaneroptera macropoda Burmeister, 1838 that reliable. Moreover, evidence was found the geographical variation in Acrometopa macropoda Description. — A general description of the is than understood be found in the references listed above. considerably larger was pre- genus can viously. Some additional information, however, is required. These conditions induced a renewed evaluation In the fore wing of the male the basal parts of within of the diagnostic characters of the taxa the the radial and medial areas have a series of sinuate and review of their differential and about transverse veins with genus a diagnoses. parallel interspaces the and the The present paper gives results of this study, almost completely transparent lacking which includes a re-examination of the type- archedictyon which occupies the remainder of the material of most of the species involved. In wing (figs. 1-2). The bases of the anal, Cu2 and is hitherto Culb transformed the addition an attempt made to clarify the areas are into stridulatory of somewhat erratic picture the distribution of the apparatus (figs. 4-5). The Cu2 vein of the left species. wing has become the stridulatory file (figs. 8-13). The file is slightly arcuate both horizontally and MATERIAL AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and vertically, divided into a wider anterior part The material which this is based consists 188 on paper of $ with less numerous coarse teeth and a narrower and 150 $ specimens in the author's collection (CW). Most fine posterior part with numerous, closely set teeth. of this has been collected in Greece by the author himself The Cu2 the and his in the and vein of often with traces son Lucas years 1966 1969 to 1977, right wing, between the 1st of July and the 11th of In addition is and in August. of teeth, strongly convex ventrally bears 64 and $ 43 9 specimens were borrowed from the institu- its middle a strongly sclerotized knob (figs. 6-7). tions listed below (the abbreviations used in the following Origin and function are unknown. The text are given in parentheses) : greater 136 F. WILLEMSE - REVIEW OF ACROMETOPA the sound A. part of the Culb area of right wing is trans- (Fuessly). However, the of macropoda and the hind and formed into the mirror, part of is by far not as loud as that of T. cantans quite the The Burr margin of the wing, opposite posteroproximal more frequently interrupted. remarks by into the Whereas the border of the mirror, scraper. (Burr, Campbell & Uvarov, 1923: 126) are more and the the and the surfaces of the anal, Cu2 Culb areas of exact. He compared timbre nature of almost similar and the of A. servillea with that of left wing are horizontal, song Phaneroptera. in the In the A. servillea louder conditions right wing are different. stridulating relatively and vertical latter the Cu2 and Culb areas are obliquely stronger. vein. as a result of the convex course of the Cu2 In the female the fore wing is much shorter Specific characters and classification. — In his in revision of the Ramme than the male. The radial and medial areas are genus (1927) emphasized not modified as conspicuously as in the male and the diagnostic value of a number of characters, viz. the of male the archedictyon covers the whole wing (fig. 3). the shape and apical structure the The stridulatory apparatus consists of series of cercus, the shape of the male subgenital plate, the the and of in the small spines on the dorsal surface of veins near length shape the wings both sexes, the hind margin of the cubito-anal areas of the length and curvation of the ovipositor and the absence of small right wing. presence or a triangular projecting colour of the male is lobe at the base of the The general bright green; ovipositor. the female is darker often with bluish In the course of the it became green, a present study Brown but wide tinge. specimens may occur are very apparent that, due to a intraspecific variation, rare. some of these characters are not reliable. The shape of the male subgenital plate cannot be used to Distribution. — The of the includes A. A. and A. range genus distinguish italica, macropoda ser- Corse, Sardegna, Sicilia, Italy, the coastal areas of villea from each other. The same applies to the Yugoslavia and Albania, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, length and shape of the wings, although the Syria, the Lebanon and Israel, and extends into female of A. cretensis is distinguished by com- Iraq and Egypt. paratively longer hind wings. Particulars of the In be the lists of material of the species the Greek ovipositor which were supposed to distinctive localities are numbered, referring to the distribu- by Ramme (1927: figs. 8a-8e) are actually subject The the Greek is considerable tion map. transcription of names to infraspecific variation. However, the the is brought in accordance with the system adopted by projecting lobe at the base of ovipositor the the male and PermanentCommittee on Geographical Names a reliable feature. The shape of cercus British its for Official Use, London. the structure of apex have proved to be the most useful and reliable diagnostic characters in Stridulation. Since of the male the the morphology genus. stridulatory file is quite different in various species, A further diagnostic feature is provided by the one might expect differences in the stridulation morphology of the male stridulatory file. This We have heard the of Acrome- well for the males of A. accordingly. song serves separating macro- topa macropoda, A. servillea, A. syriaca and A. poda, A. italica and A. servillea (figs. 10-11), cretensis but A. and A. cretensis without direct comparison we could from syriaca (figs. 8-9) (figs. not notice any dissimilarity. 12-13), but cannot be used for the distinction of is the three first mentioned The song of Acrometopa quite characteristic. species. It lasts about five to ten seconds and ends in a With the aid of the characters mentioned the peculiar, sharp metallic click which is characteristic species of Acrometopa can be separated satis- It is the for the genus. heard most frequently during factorily, although the distinction between twilight and in the night. females of A. italica, A. macropoda and A. syriaca of remains doubtful. The habit of Krauss (1878: 502) compared the song Acro- general A. syriaca A. metopa macropoda with that of Tettigonia cantans is usually more robust, and italica is generally BIJDRAGEN TOT DE DIERKUNDE, 49 (1) - 1979 137/1 Plate I figs. 1-4. Acrometopa: 1, A. macropoda (Burmeister), neotype; 2, A. servillea (Brullé), neotype; 3, A. syriaca Brunner A. cretensis daedali von Wattenwyl, lectotype; 4, ssp. n., paratype. 138 F. WILLEMSE - REVIEW OF ACROMETOPA somewhat smaller than A. macropoda. However, with lobes slightly narrowing apically (figs. 32-33); $ hind fore wing extending beyond tip of wing . 3 robust female specimens of A. macropoda from 3. $ cercus longer, strongly and evenly incurved all over Istra and slender females from northwestern its length (fig. 43) (Kriti and western Kiklädhes, map) from and cr Greece are indistinguishable A. syriaca A. cretensis etensis Ramme S cercus shorter, abruptly and almost rectangularly in- A. italica, respectively. curved just beyond middle of length (fig. 44) (Ikaria, On account of the structure of the the cercus, A. daedali map) cr et ensis ssp. n. and file the subgenital plate the stridulatory of 4. $ cercus in apical fourth moderately to rectangularly in- curved (figs. 34-40), wider and distinctly excavate male be tip three groups of species can distinguished, with lamelliform margin terminating into a hollow, beak- viz. shaped process (figs. 45-61); 9 with or without a (1) A. italica, A macropoda and A. servillea, distinctly extending lobe between gonangulum and sub- genital plate (figs. 15-23) 5 (2) A.