remote sensing Urban Deformation Monitoring using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR tomography Edited by Michele Crosetto, Oriol Monserrat and Alessandra Budillon Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Remote Sensing www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing Urban Deformation Monitoring using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR tomography Urban Deformation Monitoring using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR tomography Special Issue Editors Michele Crosetto Oriol Monserrat Alessandra Budillon MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Michele Crosetto Oriol Monserrat Centre Tecnologic` de Telecomunicacions Centre Tecnologic` de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) de Catalunya (CTTC) Spain Spain Alessandra Budillon Universita’ degli studi di Napoli Parthenope Ialy Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292) from 2018 to 2019 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ remotesensing/special issues/PSI tomoSAR) For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. 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Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Alessandra Budillon, Michele Crosetto and Oriol Monserrat Editorial for the Special Issue “Urban Deformation Monitoring using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR Tomography” Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 1306, doi:10.3390/rs11111306 ................. 1 Mohammad Khorrami, Babak Alizadeh, Erfan Ghasemi Tousi, Mahyar Shakerian, Yasser Maghsoudi and Peyman Rahgozar How Groundwater Level Fluctuations and Geotechnical Properties Lead to Asymmetric Subsidence: A PSInSAR Analysis of Land Deformation over a Transit Corridor in the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 377, doi:10.3390/rs11040377 ................. 4 Mario Floris, Alessandro Fontana, Giulia Tessari and Mariachiara Mul`e Subsidence Zonation Through Satellite Interferometry in Coastal Plain Environments of NE Italy: A Possible Tool for Geological and Geomorphological Mapping in Urban Areas Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 165, doi:10.3390/rs11020165 ................. 26 Jos´eManuel Delgado Blasco, Michael Foumelis, Chris Stewart and Andrew Hooper Measuring Urban Subsidence in the Rome Metropolitan Area (Italy) with Sentinel-1 SNAP-StaMPS Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 129, doi:10.3390/rs11020129 ................. 48 Ziyun Wang, Timo Balz, Lu Zhang, Daniele Perissin and Mingsheng Liao Using TSX/TDX Pursuit Monostatic SAR Stacks for PS-InSAR Analysis in Urban Areas Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 26, doi:10.3390/rs11010026 .................. 65 Michele Crosetto, Nuria ´ Devanth´ery, Oriol Monserrat, Anna Barra, Mar´ıaCuevas-Gonz´alez, Marek Mr´oz,Joan Botey-Bassols, Enric V´azquez-Su˜n´e and Bruno Crippa A Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Procedure Based on Stable Areas to Filter the Atmospheric Component Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1780, doi:10.3390/rs10111780 ................. 88 Qihuan Huang, Oriol Monserrat, Michele Crosetto, Bruno Crippa, Yian Wang, Jianfeng Jiang and Youliang Ding Displacement Monitoring and Health Evaluation of Two Bridges Using Sentinel-1 SAR Images Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1714, doi:10.3390/rs10111714 .................101 Yusupujiang Aimaiti, Fumio Yamazaki and Wen Liu Multi-Sensor InSAR Analysis of Progressive Land Subsidence over the Coastal City of Urayasu, Japan Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1304, doi:10.3390/rs10081304 .................119 Roberta Bon`ı,Alberto Bosino, Claudia Meisina, Alessandro Novellino, Luke Bateson and Harry McCormack A Methodology to Detect and Characterize Uplift Phenomena in Urban Areas Using Sentinel-1 Data Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 607, doi:10.3390/rs10040607 .................144 v Gokhan Aslan, Ziyadin Cakır, Semih Ergintav, C´ecileLasserre and Fran¸coisRenard Analysis of Secular Ground Motions in Istanbul from a Long-Term InSAR Time-Series (1992–2017) Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 408, doi:10.3390/rs10030408 .................167 Mengshi Yang, Tianliang Yang, Lu Zhang, Jinxin Lin, Xiaoqiong Qin and Mingsheng Liao Spatio-Temporal Characterization of a Reclamation Settlement in the Shanghai Coastal Area with Time Series Analyses of X-, C-, and L-Band SAR Datasets Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 329, doi:10.3390/rs10020329 .................185 Lv Zhou, Jiming Guo, Jiyuan Hu, Jiangwei Li, Yongfeng Xu, Yuanjin Pan and Miao Shi Wuhan Surface Subsidence Analysis in 2015–2016 Based on Sentinel-1A Data by SBAS-InSAR Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 982, doi:10.3390/rs9100982 ...................203 Muhammad Adnan Siddique, Urs Wegm ¨uller, Irena Hajnsek, and Othmar Frey SAR Tomography as an Add-On to PSI: Detection of Coherent Scatterers in the Presence of Phase Instabilities Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1014, doi:10.3390/rs10071014 .................224 Cosmin D˘anis, or, Gianfranco Fornaro, Antonio Pauciullo, Diego Reale and Mihai Datcu Super-Resolution Multi-Look Detection in SAR Tomography Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1894, doi:10.3390/rs10121894 .................250 Alessandra Budillon, Michele Crosetto, Angel Caroline Johnsy, Oriol Monserrat, Vrinda Krishnakumar and Gilda Schirinzi Comparison of Persistent Scatterer Interferometry and SAR Tomography Using Sentinel-1 in Urban Environment Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2018, 10, 1986, doi:10.3390/rs10121986 .................271 Alessandra Budillon, Angel Caroline Johnsy and Gilda Schirinzi Urban Tomographic Imaging Using Polarimetric SAR Data Reprinted from: Remote Sens. 2019, 11, 132, doi:10.3390/rs11020132 .................285 vi About the Special Issue Editors Michele Crosetto holds a civil engineering degree from the Politecnico di Torino (1993) and a doctorate in Topographic and Geodesic Sciences from the Politecnico di Milano (1998). He specialized in Geodesy, Photogrammetry and GIS in Lausanne (EPFL) and Zurich (ETHZ) from 1993 to 1995. He has worked in the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission in Ispra, Italy (January 1999–July 2000) and as a researcher at the Cartographic Institute of Catalonia. He has been a member of the Institute of Geomatics since 2002. Since January 2014 he has worked with CTTC, where he is now Head of the Geomatics Division. His main research activities are related to the analysis of spaceborne, airborne and ground-based remote sensing data and the development of scientific and technical applications using active sensor types, such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Real Aperture Radar (RAR) and laser scanners. In recent years he has been involved in a number of projects of the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh and H2020 Framework Programmes of the EU. In addition, he has been involved in different projects funded by the European Space Agency. Oriol Monserratholds a PhD in aerospace science and technology from the Polytechnic University of Catalonia (2012) and a degree in mathematics from the University of Barcelona (2004). In 2003 he started working as a researcher in the Active Remote Sensing Unit of the Geomatics Institute. Since January 2014 he has worked as Head of the Remote Sensing Department of the Division of Geomatics at the Technological Centre of Telecommunications of Catalunya. His research activities are related to the analysis of satellite, airborne and terrestrial remote sensing data and the development of scientific and technical applications using mainly active sensors, such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Real Aperture Radar (RAR) and laser scanners. From the point of view of applications, Dr. Monserrat is specialized in the measurement and monitoring of deformations using SAR interferometry techniques (InSAR). In his research career he has participated in different projects (most of them related to geohazards) of the Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes of the EU (Galahad, SubCoast, PanGeo and Aphorism) as well as H2020 (HEIMDALL, GIMS). He has also participated in outstanding projects funded by the European Space Agency. He has been the coordinator of the SAFETY and U-Geohaz projects. Alessandra Budillon received her “Laurea” degree (cum laude) in Electronic Engineering in 1996, and earned a PhD in Electronic Engineering and Computer Science in 1999 at the Universit`a degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy. From January to July 1998 she carried out, within her PhD course of study, research activity at the Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, MIT, Boston, USA. In February 2001 she became assistant professor of Telecommunication at the Department of Information Engineering at the Seconda Universit`a degli Studi di Napoli, Aversa, Italy. In November 2004 she moved to the Department