Beteckning: Department of Technology and Built Environment Energy flow survey of Ljusdal's municipality Thomas Fredlund, Salahaldin Shoshtari Sweden June 2007 Thesis work 20 p, D-level Energy systems Examiner Dag Henning 1 Table of content Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 5 Useful prefixes and units ......................................................................................................................... 6 Prefixes ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Energy ................................................................................................................................................. 6 Power .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Sammanfattning ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 18 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 20 1.1 General development in the energy field .................................................................................. 20 1.2 Municipality of Ljusdal..................................................................................................................... 21 1.2.1 General features ...................................................................................................................... 22 1.2.2 General energy problem ......................................................................................................... 23 1.3 Aim of study..................................................................................................................................... 23 2. Method .............................................................................................................................................. 24 3. Results of data collection .................................................................................................................. 25 3.1 Energy flow survey of Ljusdal’s municipality ............................................................................. 25 3.1.1 District heating ........................................................................................................................ 25 Ljusdal ............................................................................................................................................... 26 Järvsö................................................................................................................................................. 27 Färila ................................................................................................................................................. 28 Total fuel use for district heating ..................................................................................................... 29 3.1.2 Heating of premises outside the district heating networks ................................................... 30 Oil ...................................................................................................................................................... 31 Wood and wood chips ...................................................................................................................... 32 Wood pellets ..................................................................................................................................... 34 Heat pumps ....................................................................................................................................... 34 2 3.1.4 Transportation .............................................................................................................................. 36 Total use of diesel ............................................................................................................................. 36 3.2 Supply and use of electricity ........................................................................................................... 38 3.2.1 Power plants in the municipality ............................................................................................ 38 3.2.2 Electricity use of households ................................................................................................... 38 3.2.3 Electricity use of industry ........................................................................................................ 39 3.2.4 Total electricity use ................................................................................................................. 40 3.2.5 Import and export of electricity .............................................................................................. 40 3.3 Potential energy sources ................................................................................................................. 40 3.3.1 Forest ....................................................................................................................................... 40 3.3.2 Agriculture and arable land ..................................................................................................... 41 3.3.3 Wind mapping of Ljusdal’s municipality ................................................................................. 43 3.3.4 Waste ....................................................................................................................................... 45 3.3.5 Peat .......................................................................................................................................... 46 3.4 Energy related companies ............................................................................................................... 47 3.4.1 Neova ....................................................................................................................................... 47 3.4.2 HMAB ....................................................................................................................................... 47 3.4.3 Naturbränsle ............................................................................................................................ 47 3.4.4 Sydved energi .......................................................................................................................... 48 3.4.5 Ljusdal energi ........................................................................................................................... 48 3.4.6 Fortum ...................................................................................................................................... 49 3.4.7 Hamra Kraft .............................................................................................................................. 49 3.4.8 Färila Sawmill ........................................................................................................................... 49 3.4.9 Kährs ........................................................................................................................................ 50 3.4.10 Energikontroll ........................................................................................................................ 50 3.5 Summary.......................................................................................................................................... 51 3.5.1 Total energy use ...................................................................................................................... 51 3 3.5.2 Energy flows ............................................................................................................................. 55 3.6 Calculations and suggestions for improvements in the energy field .............................................. 60 3.6.1 Biogas production .................................................................................................................... 60 3.6.2 Biomass fueled combined heat and power plant ................................................................... 60 3.6.3 Wind park ................................................................................................................................. 61 3.7 Surrounding activities in the field of energy that may affect Ljusdal’s municipality ...................... 63 3.7.1 Production of biofuels in Härjedalen ...................................................................................... 63 3.7.2 Information from BioDriv X ..................................................................................................... 63 3.7.3 Vindpark in Orsa besparingsskog ............................................................................................ 64 4. Discussion .......................................................................................................................................... 65 5. Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 66 6. Suggested improvements and investigations ..................................................................................