A Floral and Faunal Biodiversity Assessment of Prey Long Compiled and Edited by Annette Olsson & David Emmett Conservation International - Cambodia Program Forest & Landscape, University of Copenhagen Forestry Administration November 2007 FORESTRY ADMINISTRATION UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN The work described in this report was conducted in May 2007 by Conservation International, Cambodia Program, Forest & Landscape, University of Copenhagen, and the Forestry Administration. The work focused on an assessment of the floral and faunal diversity of Prey Long Forest, located in Kratie and Stung Treng provinces, Cambodia. Citation: Olsson, A. and Emmett, D. E. 2007 (Edts.) A Floral and Faunal Biodiversity Assessment of Prey Long. Conservation International, Forest & Landscape, University of Copenhagen, and Forestry Administration. Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Front cover Photos: Top: Grassland in lowland evergreen forest, Prey Long Bottom, left: Banteng Bos javanicus captured on camera trap by CI in Prey Long in 2005. Bottom, center: Asian leaf turtle Cyclemys tcheponensis recorded by the Cambodian Turtle Conservation Team in Prey Long in 2007. Bottom, right: Malayan sun bear Helarctos malayanus captured on camera trap by CI in Prey Long in 2005. 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents.........................................................................................3 Introduction .................................................................................................5 BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AND CONSERVATION STATUS ..............................5 PROJECT OBJECTIVES................................................................................6 CONSERVATION CONCESSIONS ..................................................................7 PROJECT DESIGN .......................................................................................8 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS...............................................................................9 Evergreen trees of Prey Long....................................................................11 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................11 METHODS ................................................................................................12 RESULTS ..................................................................................................12 EVALUATION OF SPECIES DIVERSITY WITHIN TRANSECTS .......................22 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................22 Bears...........................................................................................................24 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................24 METHODS ................................................................................................24 RESULTS ..................................................................................................25 O’Krack Surveys..................................................................................25 O’Long Surveys....................................................................................26 Interviews ............................................................................................26 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................27 Pangolins ....................................................................................................28 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................28 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................28 RESULTS ..................................................................................................29 Presence, status and threats.................................................................29 Local hunting methods.........................................................................29 Trade and value ...................................................................................30 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................30 Otters..........................................................................................................31 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................31 METHODS ................................................................................................31 RESULTS ..................................................................................................32 Presence and status..............................................................................32 Hunting and trade................................................................................33 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................34 Tortoises & Freshwater Turtles................................................................35 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................35 METHODS ................................................................................................35 RESULTS ..................................................................................................36 3 Threats to Turtles.................................................................................37 Species Accounts..................................................................................37 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................39 Amphibians, Snakes & Lizards.................................................................40 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................40 METHODS ................................................................................................40 RESULTS ..................................................................................................41 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................41 Freshwater Fishes ......................................................................................42 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................42 METHODS ................................................................................................42 RESULTS ..................................................................................................42 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................43 Records of other priority species ..............................................................44 Summary ....................................................................................................46 SITE SUMMARY ........................................................................................46 SPECIES SUMMARY ..................................................................................46 Additional Information on Threats ..........................................................48 WILDLIFE TRADE ....................................................................................48 DISEASE TRANSMISSION TO WILDLIFE .....................................................48 TIMBER, NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS, AND LAND CLEARANCE .........49 References ..................................................................................................50 Appendix 1. Satellite image of Prey Long...................................................52 Appendix 2. Checklist of faunal species recorded in Prey Long..................53 Appendix 3. Species recorded in May 2007 survey and their conservation status............................................................................................................56 Appendix 4. Reference table to determine bear species based on scratch marks...........................................................................................................58 Appendix 5. List of villages where pangolin interviews were conducted ....58 Appendix 6. List of villages where otter interviews were conducted...........58 Appendix 7. Amphibian species recorded from Prey Long during surveys in 2007.............................................................................................................59 Appendix 8. Snake and lizard species recorded from Prey Long during surveys in 2007............................................................................................59 Appendix 9. Freshwater fishes captured during survey at Prey Long ..........60 Appendix 10. Freshwater fish species recorded from Prey Long during surveys in 2007............................................................................................61 Appendix 11. List of wildlife found at Siambok and Thalaboryvat district Stung Treng Province ..................................................................................62 Appendix 12. List of prices for wildlife traded in Prey Long area...............62 Appendix 13. Survey photographs ..............................................................63 Appendix 14. Deciduous trees of Prey Long...............................................68 4 Introduction Peov Somanak, Jake Brunner & Ida Theilade BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AND CONSERVATION STATUS The Prey Long region contains the largest area of wet lowland evergreen forest