Final Implementation Report for the Directive 2006/66/EC on Batteries and Accumulators Service request under the framework contract No ENV.C.2/FRA/2013/0023 10 July 2015 ENV.C.2/FRA/2013/0023 Report for DG Environment, European Commission Prepared by: Christina Tsiarta Steven Watson Joe Hudson Approved by …………………………………………………. Mike Brown (Project Director) Eunomia Research & Consulting Ltd Tel: +44 (0)117 9172250 37 Queen Square Fax: +44 (0)8717 142942 Bristol Web: www.eunomia.co.uk BS1 4QS United Kingdom Disclaimer Eunomia Research & Consulting has taken due care in the preparation of this report to ensure that all facts and analysis presented are as accurate as possible within the scope of the project. However no guarantee is provided in respect of the information presented, and Eunomia Research & Consulting is not responsible for decisions or actions taken on the basis of the content of this report. This report has been prepared by Eunomia Research and Consulting based in the UK and its partners, ENT Environment and Management based in Spain, EPEM S.A. based in Greece, Ekokonsultacijos based in Lithuania and the Environmental Research Institute based in Slovenia (ORZ) for the European Commission, DG Environment under Study Contract DG ENV.C.2/FRA/2013/0023. The views expressed herein are those of the consultants alone and do not necessarily represent the official views of the European Commission. Contents 1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................... 7 1.1 The Batteries Directive ............................................................................................ 7 1.1.1 Main Elements of the Batteries Directive ......................................................... 7 1.1.2 About this Report ............................................................................................. 9 1.1.3 Key Definitions ................................................................................................ 10 1.1.4 Member State Implementation Questionnaires Considered for this Report.. 12 2.0 Transposition into National Law .................................................................... 13 3.0 Implementation of the Directive .................................................................... 25 3.1 Steps Taken to Increase the Environmental Performance of Batteries and Accumulators .................................................................................................................. 25 3.2 Implementation of Collection Schemes ................................................................ 34 3.3 Collection Targets ................................................................................................. 44 3.4 Measures Taken to Ensure Proper Treatment and Recycling of Waste Batteries and Accumulators ........................................................................................................... 55 3.5 Disposal of Collected Hazardous Portable Batteries or Accumulators ................. 65 3.6 Levels of Recycling ................................................................................................ 67 3.7 Levels of Recycling Efficiency ................................................................................ 78 3.8 Measures Taken to Ensure that Batteries and Accumulators are not Sent to Landfill ............................................................................................................................. 90 3.9 Measures Taken to Minimise the Disposal of Batteries and Accumulators as Mixed Municipal Waste .................................................................................................. 96 3.10 Exports of Waste Batteries and Accumulators to Third Countries ................. 101 3.11 Measures Taken to Ensure that Producers are Responsible for Financing ..... 114 3.12 Measures to Ensure Producers are Not Double Charged ............................... 122 3.13 Measures Taken to Encourage Developments ................................................ 132 3.14 Inspections and Monitoring Systems .............................................................. 141 3.15 Non-compliance ............................................................................................... 149 3.16 Difficulties Implementing the Directive........................................................... 155 3.17 Administrative Body in Charge of Coordinating Answers to the Implementation Questionnaire ............................................................................................................... 161 4.0 General Conclusions on the Implementation of the Directive ....................... 167 4.1 Identified Limitations of Reporting ..................................................................... 167 4.2 Suggestions for Improving Member State Reporting ......................................... 168 4.3 Concluding Remarks ............................................................................................ 169 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................ 172 A.1.0 Appendix 1 – Table of Member State Implementation Questionnaires 2010- 2012 173 Final Implementation Report for Directive 2006/66/EC on batteries and accumulators Preparation of Implementation Reports on Waste Legislation, including the Waste Shipment Regulation List of Tables, Figures and Boxes Table 3.1: Collection Rates across the EU27 for 2010-2012 .............................................. 45 Table 3.2: Collection Rates in the Czech Republic, 2011-2012 .......................................... 49 Table 3.3: Collection Rates in Germany, 2009-2012 .......................................................... 50 Table 3.4: Collection Rates in Luxembourg, 2009-2012 .................................................... 51 Table 3.5: Collection Rates in Poland, 2009-2012.............................................................. 53 Table 3.6: Collection Rates in Sweden, 2009-2012 ............................................................ 54 Table 3.7: Recycling Levels across the EU27 for 2010-2012 .............................................. 67 Table 3.8: Recycling Levels in the Czech Republic, 2009-2012 .......................................... 71 Table 3.9: Recycling Levels in France, 2009-2012 .............................................................. 72 Table 3.10: Recycling Levels in Germany, 2009-2012 ........................................................ 73 Table 3.11: Mass of Portable Batteries to Landfill in Germany, 2009-2012 ...................... 73 Table 3.12: Recycling Levels in Lithuania, 2009-2011 ........................................................ 75 Table 3.13: Recycling Levels in Slovakia, 2009-2012 .......................................................... 76 Table 3.14: Recycling Levels in Slovenia, 2011-2012 ......................................................... 77 Table 3.15: Recycling Levels in Sweden, 2009-2012 .......................................................... 77 Table 3.16: Recycling Efficiency Rates across the EU27 for 2010-2012 ............................. 79 Table 3.17: Levels of Recycling Efficiencies in the Czech Republic, 2009-2012 ................. 83 Table 3.18: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in France, 2012 ............................................... 83 Table 3.19: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in Germany, 2010-2012 .................................. 84 Table 3.20: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in Hungary, 2011 ............................................. 85 Table 3.21: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in Luxembourg, 2010-2012 ............................. 86 Table 3.22: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in the Netherlands, 2010-2012 ....................... 86 Table 3.23: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in Slovakia, 2010-2012 .................................... 88 Table 3.24: Level of Recycling Efficiencies in Sweden, 2009-2012 .................................... 88 Table 3.25: Exports to EU Member States and/or Third Countries ................................. 102 Table 3.26: Exports from France of Waste Batteries and Accumulators, 2009-2012 ...... 107 Table 3.27: Exports from Germany of Waste Batteries and Accumulators, 2008-2012.. 108 Table 3.28: Exports from Germany of Waste Batteries and Accumulators Other than Lead or Nickel-Cadmium, 2009-2012 ................................................................................. 109 Table 3.29: Exports from Slovenia of Waste Batteries and Accumulators, 2009-2011 ... 112 Final Implementation Report for Directive 2006/66/EC on batteries and accumulators Preparation of Implementation Reports on Waste Legislation, including the Waste Shipment Regulation Table 3.30: Exports from the UK of Portable Waste Batteries and Accumulators .......... 113 Table 3.31: Exports from the UK of Automotive Waste Batteries and Accumulators, 2011 ................................................................................................................................... 113 Table 3.32: Data on Producers, Importers and Distributors of Batteries in Lithuania .... 152 Table A. 1: Member State Implementation Questionnaires 2010-2012 ......................... 173 Final Implementation Report for Directive 2006/66/EC on batteries and accumulators Preparation of Implementation Reports on Waste Legislation, including the Waste Shipment Regulation ENV.C.2/FRA/2013/0023 1.0 Introduction 1.1 The Batteries Directive Directive 2006/66/EC on