:16, 3 Np les (Ind No les OBITUARI ES H. W. Wade 1886 - 1968 master in histopathologic technic, was to serve him in good stead all his life. In 1908 he moved to Montreal, Canada, as assistant to one of Mall ory's former associates, Charles W. Duval, who had left Mallory's laboratories to become pathologist at the ~vlontrea l General Hospital, with teaching duties at McGill University. In Montreal \Vade served as demonstrator in histology. In 1909 he moved to New Orleans, Louisi­ ana, with Duval, who had been call ed to Tulane University as professor of patholo­ gy. At Tulane "Vade continued his under­ graduate study of medicine, which he had commenced at McGill, serving at the same time as student demonstrator in pathology. lIe graduated in medicine in 1912 and served for three more years as instructor in pathology at Tulane and resident in pathol­ ogy at the old and famous Charity"J-Jospital of New Orleans. In New Orleans he became interested in the pathology of leprosy. His chief, Dr. Duval, was deeply engaged in resear( h on the etiologic agent of the disease, and was Herbert Windsor Wade, eminent in­ one of many who isolated from lepro'iy vestigator of leprosy, third pres ident of the patients an acid-fast bacillus considered for International Leprosy Association a brief period as possibly its in citing agent. ( 1946-1963 ), founder and editcr of the During this period Wade developed a close I NTEHNATlONAL JOUlINAL OF LEPHOSY from working arrangement with the then rela­ its inception until his retirement, and for tively primitive but now well equipped many years Medical Director of the Leon­ leprosy institution at Carville, Louisiana. ard ' ''' ood Memorial for the Eradication of In 1915 Wade married Dorothy Paul of Leprosy, died on 8 June 1968, at the age of New Orleans. Late in that year he ac­ 81, at Culion, in the Philippines, where he cepted an invitation to become pathologist­ had worked on leprosy prohlems for nearl y bacteriologist in the Burcau of Science in half a century. Manila. He and Mrs. Wade reached the Born in 1886, Wade began his scientific Philippines earl y in ]916, and there began work in 1906 as a tissue pathologist in the Wade's lasting dedication to the control of laboratories of the distinguished histopath­ leprosy and leprosy research. lIe was soon ologist Frank B. Mallory of the Boston City appointed to the chairmanship of th e Lep­ Hospital. His training under Mallory, a rosy Examining Committee of th e Bureau 350 Tntemational jOtl1'l1al of Leprosy 1968 of Health of ~ 1::tnil a , a positi oll tll at callcJ pathology, and practical problems of lepro­ for intensive stu dy of di agnostic proce­ sy. Hi s "'ork in these fi elds was performed dures. In the course of his studies in this in Culi on, hut hi s concepts and much of the fi eld he developed the now well -known pathologic materi al on which they were "scraped-incision" method of making skin based resulted from his world-wide travels smears for detecting leprosy bacilli. It was and observations of leprosy in many lands. th e first of Wade's signifi cant accomplish­ Few men, if any, in our time have had a ments in the fi eld of leprosy in ves tigation better perspective on leprosy problems and control. than Wade, and, sin ce he was as critical of In 1918 he accepted an academic ap­ his own research as he was of that of p.ointment as head of the Department of others, it is not ove rl y biased to note his Pathology and Bacteriology in th :;) College own assessment of his accomplishments in of Medi cin e and Surgery of the Uni versity leprosy research. These, in the order set of the Philippines. Here he acquired a rich fo rth by Wade himself in a letter to me in background in tropical medi cine. 1963, were his "scraped-incision" method, In 1922 the Wades moved to what be­ cited above, his studies on tuberculoid lep­ came th eir permanent home, the small is­ rosy and its identification as a major polar land of Culion in the distant province of type of the disease, his later emphasis, with Palawan, one of the southernmos t islands of his associate J. N. Rodriguez, on the "bor­ the Philippine archipelago. It was the seat derline" form of leprosy as a classifiable of what was then designated as the Culion va ri ety of the disease, his pioneer investi ga­ Leper Colon y, now the Culion Sanitarium. tions of the histoid variety of lepromatous The story of Wade's transfer to Culion has leprosy, and, fin ally, in the fi eld of immu­ been told in these pages before, l and need nology, his extensive work on lepromin, not be repeated at length here. The move which included his own special technic for was an outgrowth of Wade's developing making it, and on the lepromin reaction. scientifi c interes t in leprosy, and the Of paJ·ticular significance in this long growing concern, at the same time, of Ma­ record of accomplishment were his estab­ jor General Leonard Wood, Governor Gen­ lishment of the Leonard Wood Memorial eral of the Islands, and himself a physician, Research Laboratory at CuI ion, one of the in leprosy as a seri ous public health prob­ world's most productive centers in this lem. Wade made the move at "Vood's invi­ fi eld, and his initial participation in the tati on with appointment as pathologist and organization of long continued studies by acting chief physician, taking with him a the Memorial of the epidemiology of lepro­ handpicked medical and nursing staff from sy and the clinical evaluation of a series .Jf the Philippine General Hospital in Manila. drugs used in its treatment. Among those selected was Dr. Jose N. The impact of the Leonard Wood Mem­ Rodriguez, with whom W ade was closely orial Research Laboratory at Culion on the associated the rest of his life. investi gation of leprosy extended much be­ Out of that association with General yond these fi elds. Among many studies at Wood and in large measure through the th e Laboratory were those of Dr. John H. efforts of Mrs. W ade in raisin g the neces­ Hanks, who was assigned to the Laboratory sary funds in the United States, came the by the Memorial in 1939. Hanks' studies on Leonard Wood Memorial for the Eradica­ the culture, growth and metabolism of the tion of Leprosy, of which W ade was the leprosy bacillus, which commenced in first medical director. 2 From 1922 until his declining years Wade carried out an unprecedented series 2 An accollnt of thc history of thc Lconard W ood of investigations on the natural history, Mcmorial, and W adc's long and ac ti ve work on its behalf, has also appeared previously in T H E JOU R· NAL: Long. E. R . Forty Years of Lcp rosy Research. History of the Leonard Wood Memori al (Amcrican 1 LONG, E. R .. H . W . WAnE, M.D., Editor Emcri· Lcprosy Foundation) 1928·1967. Internal. J. Lcprosy !Us. Intcrn<.tt. J. Lcprosy 32 (1964) 73·77. 35 (1967) 239·310. (part 2) . 36,3 Obituaries 351 Wade's laboratori es at Culion, and are con­ fone therapy, the tuberculoid amI bordcr­ tinuing at the Leonard Wood Memorial line forms of leprosy, the relative infec­ Laboratories at the Johns H opkins Univer­ tiousness of the different forms of the dis­ sity in Baltimore, have proved of great ease, the classificati on of leprosy, its epide­ significance for the development of this miology, the relations of heredity to suscep­ fi eld, and stimulated much research else­ tibility, attempts at the cultivati on of M. where. leprae, the lepromin and related reactions, Wade's relations with the International BCG in the prevention of leprosy, the Leprosy Association were at all times cl ose. morphology of dead and livin g bacilli, and H e was elected its president in 1946, suc­ numerous technical problems in its patholo­ ceeding E mile Marchoux of the Pasteur gy. Hegularl y there were info rmative edito­ Institute, Paris, who had followed the origi­ ri al analyses of the highlights of each inter­ nal president, Victor H eiser of the Intem a­ national oongress. tional Health Division of the Hockefeller Wade was a steady contributor of re­ Foundation. H eiser had served as di'rector search articles, himself, in the pages of the of health in the Philippines and been in­ INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY. A list strumental in founding the leprosy colony of his scientific papers is appended to this at Culion. W ade's influence on the Interna­ biographic memorial. It is included partly tional Leprosy Association, and its mem­ as a record of his accomplishment, but bers personally, was at all times great. equall y because it records the names of One of his chief contributions to the associates with whom he worked , many of study of leprosy was his long editorship of whom are leaders today, tracing much of the INTERNATIONA L JOURNA L OF LEPHOSY. their origin al inspirati on and training to his The well-known Conference on Leprosy influence. called by the Leonard Wood Memorial in In W ade's long and productive career Manila in 1931,3 of which W ade was chair­ pel'haps the most impressive element was man, resulted in the foundation of the his sustained deep interest in leprosy.