Ksetra Ksetrajna Vibhaga Yoga (Field and its knower) 35 Verses Index S. No. Title Page No. 1. Summary 1 2. Introduction 2 3. Verse 1 12 4. Verse 2 12 5. Verse 3 16 6. Verse 4 159 7. Verse 5 171 8. Verse 6 176 9. Verse 7 190 10. Verse 8 204 11. Verse 9 222 12. Verse 10 227 13. Verse 11 236 14. Verse 12 242 15. Verse 13 280 16. Verse 14 300 17. Verse 15 327 18. Verse 16 351 19. Verse 17 365 S. No. Title Page No. 20. Verse 18 372 21. Verse 19 382 22. Verse 20 391 23. Verse 21 409 24. Verse 22 425 25. Verse 23 463 26. Verse 24 489 CHAPTER 13 - SUMMARY KSHETRA – KSHETRAJNA VIBAGA YOGA (35 Verses) VERSE 1 - 8 VERSE 8 - 12 VERSE 13 - 18 VERSE 19 VERSE 20-24 VERSE 25 - 35 Purusha + Prakrti (Together is creator) Keshtram – Kshetrajna / Jneyam Jiva / Isvara – Experiencer / - “Truth” PuruSha Prakirti Subject - Beyond Sat / Asat - Shines in the Body - Concious - Inert Verse 2, 6, 7 + World - Changless - Changing - Objective universe as Existence - Real - Unreal - Avyaktam / Prakrti - Pure – Different - Illuminator of - Body / Mind / - Mahat – Cosmic intellect than B + World B/M/World Their Activities - Ahamkara – Cosmic Ego - See By Adhyaropa - Absolute - Subtle / Gross elements + Apavada - Unaffected - Body / Sense organ/ - Ever the same Mind + Modifications - Experiencer/ Subject Sadhana + Phalam - Discriminate Between Verse 2, 3 Jnanam Glory of prakrti & Purusha - All pervading one, concious Values Knowledge - Wise Abides in the principle illumining all - Humility, Forebearance, self which is bodies = Lord/ Brahman Dispassion, Samatvam - Everywhere / (28 + 29) - Verse 3 – Aikyavakya - Discrimination - Actionless / (30) - Purusha obtaining in the - Discipline - Unaffected (32) Body – Karta / Bokta - Desire - Like Space (33) - Identified with B/M is Jiva - Like light (34) with Limitations - Illuminator + Substratum (35) Phalam : Liberation - Enquire (25 + 26) (Sankkya Yoga) + Abide by Dhyana Yoga 1 CHAPTER 13 Lecture 390 : Introduction • Madhusudhan Saraswati – Bashyam involves Tarqa, Mimamsa. • Bashyam called = Buda Artha Deepika profound – Gudartha Tatwa Loka. • Writes Dhyana sloka in beginning of Bhasyam of Chapter 7 + 13. • Advaita Siddhi. Defends Advaita reply for Dvaita Mritam – written by Vyasa Tirtha – Dvaitin. • Acharya – Tarqa, Vyakaranam, Mimamsa – Rejoinder – Advaita Siddhi for every Dosha – Great Krishna Bakta – written Bakti Rasyana from Bengal. • Before 13th Chapter – writes Sloka. • Blue boy of Brindavan moving in Banks of Yamuna – Dvaita Bakti overpowered him. • Says – No greater truth than Krishna. • Advaita Jnanam + Dvaita Bakti can coexist. Doesn’t destroy Bakti. • Dvaitam causes Samsara before Advaita Jnanam. • After understanding Advaitam, Paramartika Satyam, Dvaitam = Kalpitam and Vyavaharika Satyam. It is nature of Dvaitam. • Like movie he enjoys Puja. They can coexist, because one is Paramartika Satyam and another Vyavharika Satyam. • 2 Slokas at beginning – Dhyana Vamshi – at end of chapter 18 are verses of Madhusudhana Saraswati. Introduction to Chapter 13 : • In Moolam – 3 Shatakas • Chapter 13 to 18 – 3rd Shatakam, Shatakam not done by Shankara. 2 Jiva Ishvara Aikya Tvam Pada Tat Pada Asi Padartha • Ananada Giri does it in his sub-commentary. Madhusudhana Saraswati makes it clear. Madhusudhana : • 7th Chapter & 13th Chapter similar. 7th Chapter : • Ishvara mix of Para / Apara – Chetana / Achetana. 13th Chapter : • Same definition given for Ishvara. • Apara (Chapter 7) = Kshetrajna (Chapter 13) ↓ • Conciousness enclosed in Macro medium is Conciousness enclosed in Micro medium. • Enclosure is different, but both refer to enclosed Chaitanyam only. Chapter 7 Chapter 13 - Apara Prakirti - Kshetram - Inferior endowed with Sadhana - Material content. Chatushtaya Sampatti, Gunas. • 2 Natures of Ishvara indicated in Chapter 7. • Apara Prakirti – divided into 8 parts in intermediary stage of creation. 3 • Before creation – one • During intermediary – 8. • Final stage – multifarious. 7th Chapter : Earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intellect, egoism – thus is My eightfold Prakriti. [Chapter 7 – Verse 4] • Apara prakirti – responsible for beautiful creation has Variety, Novelty. Why Apara inferior to Brahman? • Samsara Akrutvat – Doesn’t have stability. Holding creates a problem. Deluded by these natures (stages or things) composed of the three Gunas (of Prakriti) all this world knows Me not as Immutable and distinct from them. [Chapter 7 – Verse 13] • Prakirti is Mohini. Therefore Apara. This is the inferior (Prakriti) but different from it, know thou, O mighty-armed, My higher Prakriti, the very life-element, by which this world is upheld. [Chapter 7 – Verse 5] • My higher Prakirti by which world is Upheld – Mahavakyam given here. • Not noticed / observed – No Big commentary by Shankara. Oh Arjuna! Moreover, know that Ksetrajna to be Myself, obtaining in all bodies. That knowledge which deals with Ksetram and Ksetrajna is (true) knowledge. This is My teaching.[Chapter 13 – Verse 3] 4 • Shankara writes 15 page commentary. • Para Prakirti is in the form of Jeeva Butam – Conciousness enclosed within Cosomos is same conciousness with Shariram called Jivatma – Kshetrajna. • Jeeva Butam of Chapter 7 = Kshetrajna of Chapter 13. • Mahavakya is in both. • Shankara doesn’t divide into 3 – Tat / Tvam / Asi – in 7th chapter. Rough classification : • Therefore hold on to it. • Why Para – Superior? • Para Prakirti alone real – Ishvara. • Master – liberated – Alone gives liberation because he is master. • Why Master? Independently existent. Sat chit Ananda is its Nature. • Apara : Inferior – because Samsara Hetutvat – cause of Bondage, has dependent existence. Borrows 3 fundamental things : • Sat / Chit / Ananda. • Lord has 2 Prakirtis, 2 components. • Lord attains Karana status, causality only when both are combined. Para by itself Apara by itself Not Jagat Karanam Can’t exist 5 • Karanam = Unique mix of Paramartikam – Para Prakirti and Vyavaharika – Aparaprakirti. • Satya Anrute Mithuni Krutyaii – Uttpatti Pratibadyate. • By combining Satyam + Mithya – Creation starts. Lecture 370 : Chapter 13 - Introduction 7th Chapter : • Para Pakirti – Very brief (2 – 3 verses only) I shall declare to thee in full this knowledge combined with realisation, which being known, nothing more here remains to be known [Chapter 7 – Verse 2] Among thousands of men, one perchance strives for perfection ; even among those successful strivers, only one perchance knows Me in essence. [Chapter 7 – Verse 3] I know, O Arjuna, the beings of the past, and present and the future, but no one knows Me. [Chapter 7 – Verse 26] • Para Prakirti not elaborated for liberation. 13th Chapter : • Both Para and Apara elaborated. • Nature of Ishvara must be totally understood for liberation – Kshetram – Kshetrajna. Eka Rupa Aneka Rupa Arupa - Know + Worship - Know + Meditate – Dhyanam - To be understood - Do Puja - Can’t do Puja / Put flowers. 6 • When all 3 stages completed, liberation is possible. Connection with 12th Chapter : Vyatita Atita Chapter 12 Adyaya Sambanda Adveshta Sarvabutanam • Akshara Upasakas follows Virtues – from 13 – 19. Ever content, steady in meditation, self-controlled, possessed of firm conviction, with mind and intellect dedicated to Me, he, My devotee, is dear to me. [Chapter 12 – Verse 14] • Dridha Nishchaya. • Firm in knowledge / conviction. To whom censure and praise are equal, who is silent, content with anything, homeless, steady-minded, full of devotion – that man is dear to Me. [Chapter 12 – Verse 19] • Sthira – Matihi – has conviction. Chapter 13 : • Expansion of Chapter 12 – Verse 14 & Chapter 12 – Verse 19 – conviction – regarding jivatma, Paramatma Aikyam, Advaita Jnanam, Dvaita Mithyatvam. 7 • Enjoy – Puja Dvaita Bakti…. Go to Temple, compose songs like Sadashiva Brahmendra… • Inside in mind – Advaitam = Satyam. Bagawat Dvaita Bavana – know as Mithya. • Don’t have self pity – Dainya Bavaha – Helplessness… • Glorify Bagawan … don’t know what to do…. • Deena Bava Rahita Dvaita Bakti Jnanis enjoy. • Shiva Nanda Lahiri – Asks for Moksha – Written for Samsari. • No Dainya Bava inside Because I have conviction – I am free. Chapter 12 – Verse 13 – 19 : • Jnanis live in Samsara with Jnana Nishta. • 2 words describe their Jnanam. • Tena Jnanena Yuktaha Santaha? • Backed by which knowledge in their sub – concious mind, Jnani continues Dvaita Bakti, enjoy virtues also. • Become dear to Bagawan? • In their entire prayer, no seeking involved. • Prayer with smile. • No crying – No petition of Bakti. • Singing, Dancing, enjoying… No tinge of Sadness – Nothing to ask. Sarvam partho mano gatham. When a man completely casts off, O Partha, all the desires of the mind and is satisfied in the Self by the Self, then he is said to be one of steady wisdom. [Chapter 2 – Verse 55] 8 Contrast : Paisam – Enjoying Bakta. Ooragai – Complaining Bakta. 2nd Point : • Apara Prakirti – Entire Universe • Modification of Apara Prakirti. I am the sapidity in water, O son of Kunti, I am the light in the moon and the sun ; I am the syllable OM in all the Vedas, sound in ether, and virility in men. [Chapter 7 – Verse 8] • I am Sunlight, Moonlight, fragrance of earth in 1st rain. • Admire creation as glory of Ishvara… Apara – Prakirti. Aim : Vishwaroopa Darshanam : • From 7th Chapter seeker being prepared for Vishvaroopa Darshanam. • Everything modification of Apara prakirti… = Bagawan. • Sarvam Vishnu Mayam Jagat – Focus of 7 – 11 Chapter… world is Bagawan. • All is Bagawan.. Body, Mind, Family, Possessions, Profession - 5 Anatmas. • Give up Abimana in body / Mind /