GOVERNMENT OF KERALA KERALA STATE PLANNING BOARD THIRTEENTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN (2017-2022) WORKING GROUP ON ROAD AND ROAD TRANSPORT REPORT INDUSTRY AND INFRASTRUCTURE DIVISION KERALA STATE PLANNING BOARD THIRUVANANTHAPURAM MARCH2017 PREFACE In Kerala, the process of a Five-Year Plan is an exercise in people’s participation. At the end of September 2016, the Kerala State Planning Board began an effort to conduct the widest possible consultations before formulating the Plan. The Planning Board formed 43 Working Groups, with a total of more than 700 members – scholars, administrators, social and political activists and other experts. Although the Reports do not represent the official position of the Government of Kerala, their content will help in the formulation of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan document. This document is the report of the Working Group on Road and Road Transport. The Chairpersons of the Working Group were Shri Subrata Biswas, Shri E Sreedharan and Professor Sushil Khanna. The Member of the Planning Board who coordinated the activities of the Working Group was Dr Ravi Raman. The concerned Chief of Division was Shri N. R. Joy. Member Secretary FOREWORD Transport plays a significant role in the economic development of any region. As road transportprovides door-to-door connection and flexible movement of goods and passengers, its patronage by people are on the rise day by day.The quality of life now greatly depends on the quality of roads.The transport system in Kerala needs much improvement. The category of roads includes National Highways, State Highways & Major District Roads and PWD & local body roads.The State had cent percent connectivity to all villages by all-weather roads. The capacity augmentation of PWD road is very slow compared to vehicular growth. There is great mismatch between the vehicular growth and augmentation of roads in the state. With adherence to IRC specifications, the existing roads has to urgently undergo qualitative improvement accomplishing multi pronged strategies to reduce traffic congestion, transit delay, environmental issues, easier access to desired destinations and reduction of accidents. Most of the roads have to undergo massive upgradation incorporating road safety features. It is proposed that major NHs and SHs passing through the State are to be widened to four lane standards with divided carriage way.The balance NHs and SHs are to be widened to two lane standards with adequate shoulders/ footpath, and other major roads to be widened with intermediate lane and adequate shoulders. The new road development initiatives like the Hill Highway, Costal Highway, bypasses etc, also needs to be addressed in the 13thFive-Year Plan. Along with this priority should be given for the formulation of a “Regulatory Body” at the State Level and “Inter-departmental Co-ordination Committees” at the district level including representatives of the various departments/agencies and experts in the fields of transport sector for better preservation, maintenance & management of roads and vehicles. The State Planning Board has constituted a Working Group on Road and Road Transport Sector for evolving suitable strategy and approach to 13th Plan under the Co Chairmanship of Shri.Subrata Biswas IAS, Additional Chief Secretary to Govt, Public Works Department,Shri. E. Sreedharan, DMRC, Delhi and Prof. Sushil Khanna, Indian Institute of Management, Kolkkatta.The Committee made three sittings and after detailed deliberations came out with the report covering policies and programmes needed for the transport sector development during the 13th Plan. The Committee constitutes a drafting committee consists of Shri. T. Elangovan, former Director NATPAC, Shri. James Vadakkan, Member Gulathi Institute of Finance and Taxation and Dr. B.G. Sreedevi, Director NATPAC as members.We would like to make a mention about the service rendered by Shri. Sanjai R.J. Technical officer NATPAC for co-operating the preparation of the report. We are grateful to all members for their participation and valuable suggestions /recommendations for road development strategy. Particular mention needs to be made for the support and whole hearted co operation of Dr. Raviraman, Member, State Planning Board right from the constitution of the Working Group to the finalisation of the Report. Special reference is mentioned for Shri. N.R. Joy, Chief & Convener and Smt. Sangeetha K.R. Assistant Director & Co Convener,Industry and Infrastructure Division, State Planning Board arranged meeting and collected the materials from the different members of the committee for the preparation of the Report. Sd/- Sd/- Sd/- Shri Subrata Biswas IAS Shri. E. Sreedharan Prof. Sushil Khanna Additional Chief Secretary to Govt DMRC Indian Institute of Management Public Works Department Delhi Kolkata CONTENTS Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1Overview of Transport Sector ................................................................................................. 5 General ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 India .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Kerala ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Existing Transport Scenario of Kerala ................................................................................................ 8 Chapter 2Performance of Transport Sector During 12th Five-Year Plan ....................................... 21 Financial Performance of 12th Plan .................................................................................................. 21 Physical Performance ........................................................................................................................... 22 Chapter 3Key Issues and Challenges ..................................................................................................... 24 Traffic Congestion ............................................................................................................................... 24 Inadequate Road Infrastructure and Road Maintenance ................................................................ 24 Non-Reliability and Inadequacy of Public Transport System ........................................................ 24 Lack of Passenger Interchange Points .............................................................................................. 24 Lack of Adequate First Mile/ Last Mile Connectivity .................................................................... 25 Lack of Facilities for Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) ............................................................... 25 High Incidence of Private Vehicles ................................................................................................... 25 Road Safety Issues ................................................................................................................................ 25 Environmental Issues .......................................................................................................................... 25 Parking Issues ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Land Acquisition .................................................................................................................................. 26 Inadequate Facilities at Check Posts.................................................................................................. 26 Inadequate Funds/ Under-utilization of Funds .............................................................................. 26 Transport Waste Management ........................................................................................................... 26 Fare Structuring .................................................................................................................................... 27 Overloading of Freighted Vehicles .................................................................................................... 27 Maintenance of Road and Allied Infrastructure .............................................................................. 27 Chapter 4Approach and Strategies to 13th Plan .................................................................................. 28 Approach ............................................................................................................................................... 28 Strategies ................................................................................................................................................ 28 Physical Targets & Financial Requirements ..................................................................................... 48 Chapter 5Major Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 49 Proposed Programmes/ Projects during 13th Plan ........................................................................ 51 Annexure 1 ................................................................................................................................................