1 THE MINNIX AND MISCHLER ANCESTORS OF CHARLES MINNIX, SR. FRANKLIN COUNTY, VIRGINIA Liber IV ⁵ BY MICHEAL B. MINIX, SR., M.D., Last Edited August 118, 2019 in red MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER 365. Alliance Coat of Arms http://www.minnixmischler.com Old High German language surname, Münch, is the German spelling for the Latin word Monachus meaning Monk. Dominus Hugo Monachus I, 1185 AD, Dominus Cunrat Monachus I, de Basilea, 1191 and Hugo Monachus II, 1221 AD were the first family members with the Latin surname Monachus in the Münch Dynasty family. Utilization of Münch surname translation from Latin afterwards began. See rules for pronunciation below. Konrad Münch, Old High German surname, married Katharina von Löwenberg in 1371. Löwenberg means Lion Mountain. The Münch Dynasty acquired and ruled Muttenz, acquired from the Löwenberg Dynasty, Switzerland and assimilated the Löwenberg maternal properties with Münch paternal properties. 2 After the marriage, the Lion Castle coat of arms, inherited by Katharina, heir of the Löwenburg Dynasty and the Münch coast of arms were united. An alliance between the two great dynasties and an alliance coat of arms, pictured above, resulted. The original Münch von Münchenstein coat of arms has only the Monk on shield. The Dynasty became a Holy Roman German Empire Reichstag, imperial state, until about 1499. 365. Family crest on tomb of Konrad Münch von Landskron (d.1371) and in St. Arbogast Church when repaired following 1356 earthquake p36-37. Translation: “At the first written mention in 1196 Münchenstein was still called Kekingen, in 1270 appeared in a deed of donation of the cathedral of Basel the name Geckingen.” “In 1259, the hamlet with mill, between the New World and St. Jakob was already mentioned in documents as the property of the Basel cathedral provost. The current place name Münchenstein appears for the first time in 1295, it means: "Burgfels der Münche" (castle rock of the Münich).” The word Münch is the Old High German word for monk. “Münchenstein was the castle named after them, the episcopal ministers from the family of Münch. The 3 word stien was a name for stone and castles that stood on rocks. The place of residence for the Münch Family Dynasty was von Münchenstein, “Historically, soon after its construction, the castle Münchenstein was subordinated to the feudal power of the Counts von Pfirt. With the death of the last Count von Pfirt, Ulrich III. In March 1324 in Basel, the feudal power was transferred to the house of Habsburg-Austria. Hereditary Countess Johanna de Pfette (1300-1351) was by marriage to Duke Albrecht II of Habsburg (1298-1358), Duchess of Austria. After that, the Münch von Münchenstein had their feudal property confirmed at irregular intervals in a document. “In 1334, the name change was explicitly mentioned in a document issued by the Domstift Basel: "Geckingen que nunc Munchenstein appellatur" ("Geckingen, which is now called Munchenstein"). “The Basel earthquake in 1356 also affected Münchenstein, on the afternoon of October 18, 1356 an earthquake shook the city of Basel. The villages and castles of the area were severely damaged, the epicenter of the quake was about 10 km south of the city on the edge of the Jura hills between the Gempen and the rear Leimental. During the great earthquake in Basel, the 1334 completed castle in Münchenstein was damaged, but soon rebuilt. Ruins of Münchenstein Castle “In 1421 the umlaut "ö" was used and the village Mönchenstein was written. This name could hold until 1881, with the municipal law of 1881, the place name Mönchenstein was officially introduced. The use of ü and ö has waxed and waned. 4 “Hans Friedrichs' Münch pawned the village and the castle to the city of Basel in 1470 to finance his meercenery army and heavy knight service. The Treaty of Basel of 22 September 1499 was an armistice following the Battle of Dornach, concluding the Swabian War, fought between the Swabian League and the Old Swiss Confederacy.[1] Münchenstein-Muttenz and Basel were imperial cities and governed by the Münch Dynasty withing the German Kingdom. “From Hans Friedrichs' Münch heavy knight service, in which he provided soldiers to the 5000 Swiss mercenaries and heavy armor, a pledge shank (loan) from German Kingdom, King Maximilliam, enabled Hans Friedrichs to hold the Reichstag Münchenstein-Muttenz, the Imperial Estate and Government intact, was concluded. “Münch dynasty lost control of Basel and as other Swiss cantons and Basel severed its relationship with the German Kingdom. Thus provided the rule of Münchenstein for the first time in municipal hands. See details page 16. [Münchenstein [map/sat/sites/3D/street, aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie] English word monk is from the Latin term, Monachus and Old High German term, Mönch / Münch. In 1185 Hugo I Münch was first mentioned and, thereafter, repeatedly in official documents or in public records, derived from his prior forenames and surname, Hugo cognomento Monachus, Hugo cognomine Monachus or Hugo Monachus. See page 12. The Old High German phonation of Münch /Münnich in before 19th Century sounds like Menk /Minck and Minnick / Mennix when 3 Old High German language rules are applied to the Münch /Münnich surname: 1. umlaut, -ü is translated-to / sounds-like -ae, -ee or -i Mü = Mee or Mi or Me, long or short e 2. surname undergoes dialect lengthening and -nch becomes –nich, Minch = Minnich. The original Latin surname, Monachus, was a lengthened form. The Latin had been Old High German shortened from the beginning. Minnich / Minnix was the lengthened form. 3. High German graphemic shift -ich to -ix is applied Minnich = Minnicks / Minnix 5 The Old High German dialect was different because it was the written classical Church Latin and spoken Alemanni German. The interface was the resultant language. The Old High German Period was from 800-1050AD. The Old High German spoken language was first written in Classical and Church Latin, was preserved years after the period. The Latin written language was used by the Roman Catholic Church to enhance the suppression of paganism and spread Christianity. Old High German was derived from Latin. 350. The process utilized in Münch Dynasty descendant’s research was a method of Data Mining Genealogical Spreadsheets for Diminutive Surnames searching for informative, analytical, multiple surnames, "alliance names" (Allianznamen) and multibarrelled surname chains and abbreviated multibarrelled surname chained letter sequences with patterns and trends, which were adopted and became abbreviated, diminutive surnames, which were derived from the noble compound surname: MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER, after The Münich Dynasty Imperial Reichstag collapsed and nobility in the newly formed Swiss Confederation became unlawful. When the Münich Dynasty collapsed and lost their noble status, the middle class descendants adopted diminutive surnames formed in this family from 1. Münch Dynasty subdivisions. See page 9. 2. And in this Minnix-and-Mischler family from the subdivision alliance surname MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER from the core surname Latin Monachus [L.] and core Swiss German Münch / Mönch / Münnich / Mönnich / Bernese Swiss German Minnig / Münnix / others 3. and Basel Swiss German Münchler and Bernese Swiss French Mueschler / Meeschler / Mischler / Mishler / Messler / many others from the compound noble alliance surname: MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER a. formed from abbreviated dimenutive letter sequences, or a chain of abbreviated letters, with missing letters derived from the complete compound surname above. These double surnames are "alliance 6 names" (Allianznamen), sometimes attached in whole by hyphens and sometimes multibarrelled whole "name chains" surnames. “The Habsburgs (who were associated with the Münch Dynasty) were European champions at this, with an ever-lengthening imperial name listing all their land possessions. It was a nightmare for officials, but proclaimed just how ‘noble’ the family was. A 5-barrelled surname from the above compound surname with abbreviated letters, not whole surnames from each of the 5 was more practicle. [Three surnames for one person. Too many? By Chris Bowlby, BBC News, 8 May 2009] b. For example, "Losantiville" settlement, founded in 1788 was the first name for Cincinnati, Ohio. The original surveyor, John Filson, named it from 4 terms, each of different language. It means "The city opposite the mouth of the (Licking) River", "ville" is French for "city", "anti" is Greek for "opposite", "os" is Latin for "mouth", and "L" was all that was included of "Licking River". [History of Cincinnati, Ohio] c. Or from the Swiss suffixes -ler and -lerin which are usually attached to nouns and designate a person with a particular function. d. Original family functions of family descendants were administrative aristicrats of the Habsburg Dynasty, Bishops of Basel, mercenary soldiers, governors, lords and civil servants of the MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER Reichstag, and then civil servants of the Swiss Confederation after nobility loss 4. and other surnames 5. Descendants then spread far and wide to every continent MüNCH VON MüNCHENSTEIN-MUTTENZ VON LöWENBERG DE MEIER offered the opportunity for many extremely different diminutive immigrant pioneer surnames to America and other countries and which was too lengthy for any register, military muster, minister and census accountant to