THE MUSIC AND MUSICIANS OF ST. JAMES CATHEDRAL, SEATTLE, 1903-1953: THE FIRST 50 YEARS CLINT MICHAEL KRAUS JUNE 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of figures................................................................................................................... iii List of tables..................................................................................................................... iv Introduction.......................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1 – Music at Our Lady of Good Help and St. Edward’s Chapel (1890- 1907)..................................................................................................................5 Seattle’s temporary cathedrals......................................................................5 Seattle’s first cathedral musicians ................................................................8 Alfred Lueben..................................................................................................9 William Martius ............................................................................................14 Organs in Our Lady of Good Help ............................................................18 The transition from Martius to Ederer.......................................................19 Edward P. Ederer..........................................................................................20 Reaction to the Motu Proprio........................................................................24 Chapter 2 – Biography of Franklin Sawyer Palmer ...................................................27 Early years and education ...........................................................................27 Seattle and New York City, 1890-1899.......................................................30 San Francisco, 1899-1901..............................................................................31 Major works at St. Dominic’s ......................................................................33 Europe, 1901-1904 .........................................................................................35 New York, 1904-1907....................................................................................37 Return to Seattle............................................................................................39 Palmer’s death...............................................................................................41 Palmer’s known compositions/accompaniments/arrangements.........42 Chapter 3 – Implementation of Tra Le Sollecitudini in the Diocese of Seattle.........46 Chapter 4 – The Hutchings-Votey pipe organ............................................................59 Contract with Hutchings-Votey .................................................................61 Redesign of the west wall............................................................................61 Specifications of the Hutchings-Votey.......................................................65 Modifications.................................................................................................71 Dedication recital..........................................................................................72 Chapter 5 – The music program under Palmer (1907-1935).....................................74 The Cathedral Choir.....................................................................................74 Cathedral soloists..........................................................................................76 St. Edward’s Hall ..........................................................................................80 Acoustical problems and the collapse of the dome .................................81 Casavant organ and sanctuary remodel....................................................86 Children’s choirs and the Schola Cantorum................................................93 The Justine Ward method............................................................................97 i Radio broadcasting.......................................................................................98 Banning of concerts ....................................................................................101 Visiting choirs..............................................................................................108 Chapter 6 – Palmer’s choral repertory.......................................................................110 Theodore Dubois’ Seven Last Words .........................................................112 César Franck’s Dextera Domini and Quae Es Ista.....................................113 Organ Repertory .........................................................................................114 Chapter 7: Music after Palmer up to 1950 .................................................................116 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................122 The next fifty years .....................................................................................123 Final thoughts..............................................................................................125 Appendix I – English translation of Tra Le Sollecitudini ..........................................127 Appendix II – Verses from 1904 cartoon window ...................................................133 Appendix III – Music lists from the Church Music Guide for the Diocese of Seattle134 Appendix IV – Peters Mass in D (Kyrie, excerpt).....................................................149 Appendix V – Palmer Missa Puer Natus Est Nobis (SATB, Kyrie, excerpt) ...........151 Appendix VI – Palmer Missa Puer Natus Est Nobis (TTBB, Kyrie, excerpt) ..........153 Appendix VII – Battmann Mass in E Flat (Kyrie, excerpt) ......................................154 Appendix VIII – Refice Missa Choralis (Kyrie, excerpt)...........................................156 Appendix IX – Franck Dextera Domini (excerpt) ......................................................157 Appendix X – Concone Mass in F (Kyrie, excerpt)...................................................158 Appendix XI – Excerpts from Perosi Missa Te Deum Laudamus (Kyrie and Gloria)...........................................................................................................159 Appendix XII – Excerpts from Carnevali Missa Stella Matutina (Kyrie and Credo)...........................................................................................................162 Appendix XIII – Specifications of the 1905 Kimball at Our Lady of Good Help.164 Appendix XIV – Table of musicians of Our Lady of Good Help and St. James Cathedral, 1870-2009. .................................................................................165 Appendix XV – Cross-section of repertory from available sources, 1890-1941...168 Appendix XVI – Choral music at St. James, 1930-1935. ..........................................192 Appendix XVII – First three pages of Lyon’s choral/organ music record from 20 September 1936 to 13 March 1938. ......................................................193 BIBLIOGRAPHY...........................................................................................................196 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure Number Page Figure 1 – Our Lady of Good Help, 1870. .....................................................................6 Figure 2 - Our Lady of Good Help, 1882 enlargement, & Fr. Francis Xavier Prefontaine, Seattle’s first missionary priest.................................................................7 Figure 3 – St. Edward’s Chapel, c. 1907.........................................................................8 Figure 4 – Alfred Lueben (center, front) and a band of school boys including Monsignor Ryan (standing behind Lueben)...............................................................10 Figure 5 – Caricature of Alfred Lueben.......................................................................11 Figure 6 – 23 July 1895 program. ..................................................................................13 Figure 7 – 1904 cartoon window...................................................................................17 Figure 8 – Our Lady of Good Help rebuilt at Fifth and Jefferson............................19 Figure 9 – Edward P. Ederer (painting in Ederer Cranes offices, Seattle)..............21 Figure 10 – 1903 Cathedral Fair Bulletin. ....................................................................23 Figure 11– Franklin Sawyer Palmer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 1886.........29 Figure 12 – St. Dominic’s Church after 1906 San Francisco earthquake.................32 Figure 13 – Franklin Sawyer Palmer, 1929..................................................................42 Figure 14 – Theme derivation in Palmer’s Missa Puer Natus Est. ............................44 Figure 15 – Palmer at the Hutchings-Votey console, c. 1907....................................59 Figure 16 – 1892 Roosevelt Organ, All Saints Church, New York City. .................62 Figure 17 – Original Heins and Lafarge design for West Gallery. ..........................63 Figure 18 – Finished stenciling behind 32’ Bourdon, north end, west wall. ..........64 Figure 19 – Pre-existing stenciling in West Gallery, upper northwest corner. ......64 Figure 20 – The Choir of St. James Cathedral, 1921. ..................................................75 Figure 21 – The choir desks in the gallery...................................................................76