DRUG FACT SHEET: The Toxicology Section routinely tests for more than Benztropine is a drug used in the treatment of 150 drugs, including common drugs of abuse, volatiles, Parkinsonism. Medical literature warns that central nervous system stimulants, depressants, benztropine may impair mental and/or physical abilities narcotic analgesics, hallucinogens, psychotropic drugs, required for performance of hazardous tasks, such as over the counter medicines, and therapeutic drugs. driving a motor vehicle. These include: Benzylpiperazine (BZP) is a recreational drug with euphoric, stimulant properties. The effects produced by 11-Hydroxy-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Hydroxy-THC) is BZP are comparable to those produced by a metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major amphetamine. psychoactive constituent of marijuana. Brompheniramine is an antihistamine available as an 11-Nor-9-Carboxy-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Carboxy- over-the-counter drug. It may cause central nervous THC) is a metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the system depressant effects. major psychoactive constituent of marijuana. Bupivacaine is a long-acting local anesthetic which is 6-Monoacetylmorphine is an active metabolite of structurally similar to lidocaine. heroin. Its presence in biological samples is indicative Buprenorphine (Buprenex) is a synthetic opioid of heroin use. analgesic which is structurally related to morphine. It is 7-Aminoclonazepam is a metabolite of the drug used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and clonazepam (Klonopin) a central nervous system is approximately 25 to 40 times more potent than depressant of the benzodiazepine class. morphine. 7-Aminoflunitrazepam is a metabolite of flunitrazepam Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) is an antidepressant (Rohypnol), a potent central nervous system drug that is also used for smoking cessation. depressant of the benzodiazepine class. Buproprion Metabolite is a byproduct of buproprion Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is a non-narcotic analgesic (Wellbutrin, Zyban). Buproprion is an antidepressant with antipyretic effects. drug that is also used for smoking cessation. Acetone is a common solvent for plastics, paints, and Buspirone (Buspar) is used therapeutically for the adhesives. Endogenous acetone may be present as a treatment of anxiety disorders. result of certain medical conditions. Butalbital is a short to intermediate-acting barbiturate Alpha-hydroxyalprazolam is an active metabolite of commonly compounded with aspirin, caffeine, and the anti-anxiety benzodiazepine drug alprazolam occasionally codeine. The drug is prescribed for the (Xanax). It may cause central nervous system treatment of tension headaches and may cause central depressant effects. nervous system depressant effects. Alpha-hydroxymidazolam is an active metabolite of Butorphanol (Stadol) is a synthetic narcotic analgesic the sedative benzodiazepine drug midazolam. that is structurally related to morphine. Butorphanol is Alpha-triazolam is a metabolite of the used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and sedative/hypnotic benzodiazepine drug triazolam. has a potency of 5 to 8 times that of morphine. Alprazolam (Xanax) is a benzodiazepine class of Carbamazepine (Tegretol) is structurally related to the drugs. It is prescribed for management of anxiety tricyclic antidepressants and is currently used as an disorders. It may cause central nervous system anticonvulsant drug. It may cause central nervous depressant effects. system depressant effects. Amitriptyline (Elavil, Endep) is a tricyclic Carisoprodol (soma) is a rapidly acting muscle antidepressant drug used in the treatment of relaxant available in prescription form. It may cause depression. It may cause central nervous system central nervous system depressant effects. depressant effects. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)an antihistamine, is a major Amoxapine is an antidepressant drug that may result in metabolite of hydroxyzine, used in the treatment of central system depressant effects. Amoxapine may be allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria. present as a metabolite of Loxapine. Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is a member of the Amphetamine (Benzedrine, Dexedrine) is a central benzodiazepine class of drugs. It is prescribed as an nervous system stimulant with a high potential for anti-anxiety drug. It may cause central nervous system abuse. It may be detected in biological samples as a depressant effects. Chlordiazepoxide is metabolized to metabolite of methamphetamine. nordiazepam and oxazepam. Antipyrine is a drug used primarily an analgesic used Chlorpheniramine is an over-the-counter antihistamine as a component of topical solutions for decongestion found in many cold and allergy medications. It may and analgesia in acute otitis media. cause central nervous system depressant effects. Benzoylecgonine is a hydrolysis product of cocaine Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) is a potent anti-psychotic without pharmacological activity. Its presence in a drug. It may cause central nervous system depressant biological sample is an indication of cocaine use. effects. - 1 - DRUG FACT SHEET: Citalopram (Celexa) is a selective serotonin reuptake Diltiazem (Cardiazem) is a calcium channel blocker inhibitor. It is used therapeutically for the treatment of that is prescribed for the treatment of angina, depression. hypertension, and arrhythmias. This cardiovascular Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant used drug may cause depressant effects. primarily in the treatment of obsessive and compulsive Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an antihistamine behavior. It may cause central nervous system available in many over-the-counter cold, allergy, and depressant effects. motion sickness medications. It may cause central Clonazepam (Klonopin, Clonopin, Rivotril) is a nervous system depressant effects. benzodiazepine derivative used primarily for seizure Doxepin (Adapin) is a tricyclic antidepressant drug disorders. It may cause central nervous system used in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety. It depressant effects. may cause central nervous system depressant effects. Clonidine is a potent antihypertensive agent which may Doxylamine (Unisom) is an antihistamine contained in cause central nervous system depressant effects. many over-the-counter cold preparations. It is used Clozapine (Clozaril) is an antipsychotic drug that is primarily as a sleep-inducing agent. It may cause used for the treatment of severely ill schizophrenic central nervous system effects. patients that do not respond to standard antipsychotic EDDP is a metabolite of methadone, a synthetic opioid. drug treatment. It may result in central nervous system Its presence in a biological sample is an indication of depressant effects. methadone use. Cocaethylene is enzymatically produced when cocaine Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine are used as a nasal and ethanol are consumed. Cocaethylene is decongestants and bronchodilators in various over-the- pharmacologically active and its presence in a counter cold and allergy medications. These biological sample is an indication of cocaine use. substances have stimulant-like effects and are Cocaine is a potent naturally occurring central nervous encountered in various dietary supplements and weight- system stimulant with an extremely high potential for loss aids. abuse. Crack cocaine is freebased cocaine which is Estazolam (ProSom) is a hypnotic drug of the commonly administered by smoking. benzodiazepine class. It is used for the short-term Codeine is a narcotic analgesic drug prescribed for the management of insomnia. relief of pain or as a cough suppressant. It may cause Ethanol (ethyl Alcohol, Alcohol) is a central nervous central nervous system depressant effects. system depressant drug. Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) is a centrally-acting muscle Etomidate (Amidate) is a short acting intravenous relaxant which can produce central nervous system anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general depressant effects. anaesthesia and for sedation. It is a central nervous Desalkylflurazepam is a metabolite of flurazepam system depressant. (Dalmane). Flurazepam is a hypnotic drug of the Fentanyl is a synthetic analgesic with a high potential benzodiazepine class that may produce central nervous for abuse. It is used as a surgical anesthetic and is system depressant effects. sometimes found in samples of illicit synthetic heroin Desipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant used for the (china white). Fentanyl has a potency approximately treatment of depression. Desipramine is also used as a 100 to 200 times that of morphine and can cause metabolite of Imipramine. It may cause central nervous central nervous system depressant effects. system depressant effects. Fluconazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and Diazepam is a benzodiazepine-type drug prescribed for prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. its antianxiety, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxing Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) is an extremely potent properties. It may cause central nervous system hypnotic drug of the benzodiazepine class. It is not depressant effects. available therapeutically in the United States. Difluoroethane (ethylene fluoride) is a gas used as a Fluoxetine (Prozac) is selective serotonin reuptake propellant in canned air dusters such as “dust off” and inhibitor which is used for the treatment of depression. can be abused to get a small and short-lived buzz from Flurazepam (Dalmane) is a hypnotic drug of the oxygen deprivation. benzodiazepine class. Due to its rapid metabolism, Dihydrocodeine is a narcotic analgesic