ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY VOLUME 24 * NUMBER 6 * DECEMBER 1983 Leon H. Schmidt, Editor in Chief (1985) George A. Jacoby, Jr., Editor (1985) University ofAlabama in Birmingham Massachusetts General Hospital Birmingham, Alabama Boston, Massachusetts Herbert L. Ennis, Editor (1987) Robert C. Moellering, Jr., Editor (1987) Roche Institute ofMolecular Biology New England Deaconess Hospital Nutley, New Jersey Boston, Massachusetts Robert L. Hamili, Editor (1985) John A. Washington I, Editor (1986) Eli Lilly & Company, Inc. Mayo Clinic Indianapolis, Indiana Rochester, Minnesota EDITORIAL BOARD Norris Allen (1983) Gertrude B. Elion (1984) Matthew E. Levison (1984) Christne C. Sanders (1984) Vincent T. Andrlole (1984) Arthur Engsh (1983) Stuart B. Levy (1983) W. Eugene Sanders (1984) John P. Anhalt (1984) Robert J. Fa (1985) Friedrich C. Lutt (1984) Jerome J. Schentag (1985) Bascom F. Anthony (1985) Stuart Feldman (1985) Joan Lusk (1983) F. C. Sclavoino (1985) Donald Armstrong (1983) Sydney Flnegold (1985) R. Luthy (1983) Oldrkb K. Sebek (1983) George R. Aronoff (1983) Robert J. FIzgerald (1983) Francs L. Macrlna (1985) William M. Shannon (1983) Robert Austian (1983) Matin Forbes (1983) Geoge H. McCracken (1984) Charles Shipman, Jr. (1985) Rkhard H. Baltz (1984) Dale N. Gerding (1985) Gerald Medoff (1983) Robert W. Sldwel (1984) Arthur L. Barry (1983) David Gibert (1984) Michael Miller (1984) Walter S_lenthaker (1983) John D. Bartlet (1984) Anthony J. Glazko (1984) Barbarn Minshew (1985) P. F Spdng (1984) Michael Barza (1985) Irng H. Goldberg (1985) Berard Moss (1984) Brian G. Spratt (198) John E. Bennett (1984) Rkhard H. Gustason (1984) Babara E. Mumy (1984) Harold Stford (1985) Rihard F. Bergstrom (1985) Jack Gwaltney (1983) John D. Nelson (1983) R. Sutherbnd (1985) Gerald P. Bodey (1983) Wendell H. Hall (1983) Harold C. Neu (1983) Vera L. Sutter (1984) Lawrence E. Bryan (1985) Maurice W. Harmon (1984) J. F. Niblack (1983) Morton N. Swartz (1985) Ward Bulock (1984) Joseph Hawins, Jr. (1985) James T. Park (1985) Rihard B. Sykes (1985) D. Buyske (1983) Mkbael Hlgns (1983) T. J. Perun (1983) Francs P. Tally (1984) Anthony Chow (1985) Dah Hal Wang Ho (1983) Lac R. Peterso (1985) Alexandr Tom_az (1985) C. Glenn Cobbs (1983) Rihard Hornick (1983) Burton M. Pogeli (1984) Rah Tompt (1985) Paul S. Cohen (1983) George Gee Jackson (1983) Paul Quie (1983) Mkhael Waring (1984) William A. Craig (1984) James H. Jorgensen (1984) Mchael Reln (1983) Bernard Wedsblum (1985) Nigel A. C. Curtis (1983) William J. Jusko (1983) W. H. G. Rkhards (1983) Peter G. Weling (1985) Naomi Datta (1984) A. W. Karchmer (1985) Richard Roberts (1985) Richard Wenzd (1983) Lawrence E. Day (1983) Donald Kaye (1985) Ian M. Rollo (1985) Lowell Young (1985) William E. Dlsmukes (1984) George S. Kobaymah (1985) Ricbard Root (1983) Pauline K. W. Yu (1985) R. Gordon Douglas, Jr. (1983) Donald J. Krogd (1983) John P. Rosaa (1983) John C. Drach (1984) Feli Leitner (1983) Jon E. Rosenblatt (1985) Theodore Ekkhoff (1985) Stephen A. Lerner (1983) Merle Sande (1985) Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Walter G. Peter III, Director, Publications Linda M. Illig, Managing Editor, Journals Deborah J. Shuman, Production Editor Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ISSN 0066-4804), an interdisciplinary publication of the American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006, is devoted to the dissemination of knowledge relating to all aspects of antimicrobial agents, anticancer agents, and chemotherapy. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Office. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy is published monthly, and the twelve numbers are divided into two volumes per year. The nonmember subscription price is $145 per year; single copies are $14. The member subscription price is $29 (foreign, $36 [surface rate]) per year; single copies are $7. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Office, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006 (area 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because of failure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, ASM, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006. Made in the United States of America. Copyright C 1983, American Society for Microbiology. a *: rh i1 5+ t A , E XIll{JO#i 1 1Jto All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index Allan, Brenda J., 930 Harris, Russell, 876 Park, Choong H., 841 Andrews, J. M., 909 Higuchi, William I., 941 Pfeffer, Morris, 915 Artis, William M., 876 Hironaga, Kyozo, 905 Pien, Francis D., 856 Assael, B. M., 955 Hixon, Debbie L., 841 Poretz, Donald M., 841 Boccazzi, A., 955 Inoue, Matsuhisa, 925 Rizzo, M., 955 Boerema, Hans B. J., 902 Ruoff, Kathryn, 871 Jacobus, Nilda V., 936 Caccamo, M. L., 955 Jacques, M., 952 Schiller, John, 892 Cassey, John G., 950 Javor, George T., 860, 868 Shipman, Charles, Jr., 947 Centifanto-Fitzgerald, Ysolina M., Jones, Bernard, 950 Smee, Donald F., 883 888 Jones, Henry E., 876 Smith, Diana, 851 Cesar, Evangeline Y., 941 Smith, Sandra H., 947 Clark, David A., 950 Sonobe, Takashi, 941 Cobbs, C. Glenn, 847 Karam, George H., 847 Strom, Mark, 892 Coyle, Marie, 892 Kaster, Steven R., 829 Cuchural, George J., Jr., 936 Katlama, Namat B., 947 Kaufman, Herbert E., 888 Tachibana, Chikanori, 835 Kirkland, Theo N., 921 Tally, Francis P., 936 Danks, G., 909 Kissling, Grace E., 888 Taylor, Diane E., 930 De Clercq, Erik, 888 Konishi, Hisanori, 905 Tong, Shiu-Lok, 947 deRepentigny, J., 952 Koshiro, Akira, 905 Turgeon, P. L., 952 Drach, John C., 947 Drutz, David J., 829 Levy, Stuart B., 835 van der Ros-van de Repe, Joke, 902 Eliopoulos, George M., 871 Marsh, Peter K., 936 van der Waaij, Dick, 902 Elliott, Ann M., 847 Marshall, Bonnie, 835 van Veldhuizen, Gerben L., 902 Eron, Lawrence J., 841 Mathieu, L. G., 952 Varneli, Emily D., 888 Matthews, Thomas R., 883 Mayhew, James W., 936 Farber, Bruce F., 871 McFadden, Harry W., Jr., 851 Ward, Joel I., 871 Fierer, Joshua, 921 Merrick, Peter, 950 Welling, Gjalt W., 902 Fraser-Smith, Elizabeth B., 883 Miller, Norman G., 851 Wise, R., 909 Minami, Shinzaburou, 925 Mitsuhashi, Susumu, 925 Gamer, Rosemary S., 930 Moellering, Robert C., Jr., 871 Ximenez, Jose, 915 Gaver, Robert C., 915 Muytjens, Harry L., 902 Goldenberg, Robin I., 841 Graybill, John R., 829 Yoshii, Zensaku, 905 Groman, Neal, 892 Oie, Shigeharu, 905 Yotsuji, Akira, 925 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The following have served as invited special reviewers for the Journal during 1983, and their help is greatly appreciated. Lois Allen Cyrus C. Hopkins J. Peter Rissing Corrado Baglioni K. Y. Hostetler Glenn D. Roberts Arnold S. Bayer E. S. Inamine William Robinson M. Bender David Janicke Allan R. Ronald L. L. Bennett S. E. Jensen H. S. Rosenkranz William M. Bennett Ed Kaplan Robert H. Rubin G. K. Best Sheldon Kaplan Leon Sabath Karen K. Biron Daniel Keim F. M. Schabel William Bowie Richard T. Kelly Leonard W. Scheibel Richard E. Bryant H. A. Kirst Michael Scheld G. Bryce Vernon Knight E. Schiffmann E. Cabib J. R. Knowles Raymond Schinazi P. E. Carson J. Konisky Alan Schocket Henry F. Chambers L. Leive Fritz D. Schoenknecht R. L. Cihlar A. Martin Lerner Robert Schooley J. W. Costerton Gerald L. Mandell P. Shaffer W. A. Cramer D. J. Marmer E. Shefter Clyde Crumpacker Margaret Matthew Arnold Smith L. Daneo-Moore Gary R. Matzke J. T. Smith P. J. Davis Philip R. Mayer Thomas F. Smith George Deepe C. Glenn Mayhall Herbert M. Sommers D. C. DeLong Evan W. McChesney D. A. Stevens A. L. Demain William McCormack H. Harlan Stone R. B. Diasio Richard 0. McCracken Anne O. Summers Walter Dobrogosz Martin McHenry Edward A. Swabb D. Doyle P. McPhie T. R. Sweeney David Drutz A. A. Medeiros James Tan James Dvorak Thomas C. Merigan Herbert B. Tanowitz R. P. Elander Richard Meyer E. Thomas W. Epstein John Mills John F. Timoney Lawrence Eron J. Z. Montgomerie D. J. Tipper J. C. Fantone T. P. Moyer Marvin Turck David Feingold Roy Mundy J. T. Vilcek Robert H. Fitzgerald, Jr. Daniel Musher K. Vosbeck M. A. Foglesong T. Nakae R. Wallace K. P. Fu J. B. Neilands Richard J. Wallace, Jr. Pierce Gardner N. Neuss Joel Ward Richard Garibaldi Phuc Nguyen-Dinh P. A. Ward Layne Gentry H. Nikaido Lawrence G. Wayne Lance George Carl E. Nord G. Weeks David Gilbert Carl Norden Allan Weinstein M. R. Glick R. F. Novak Louis Weinstein Peter Goldman D. Oxender Alison Weiss Donald Goldmann Demosthenes Pappagianis W. D. Welch L. F. Guyman A. Parkinson L. M. Werbel Scott Hammer Mark Pasternack C.