Report of the ICE Advisory Committee on Family Residential Centers October 7, 2016 Report of the ICE Advisory Committee on Family Residential Centers October 7, 2016 Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1 1. Decisions to Detain and Release .........................................................................................5 A. Limit or Eliminate the Use of Expedited Removal and Reinstatement of Removal for Families ................................................................................................................................6 B. Avoiding Detention During Credible and Reasonable Fear Processes ...............................11 C. Inconsistency in Criteria for Release of Families ...............................................................15 D. Unduly Onerous Conditions of Release ..............................................................................18 2. Reform of Detention and Alternatives-to-Detention (ATD) ..........................................25 A. Population Management .....................................................................................................25 1. Incorrect Assumptions about Civil Detainees ...............................................................25 2. Insufficient Information and Analysis, Planning, and Preparedness .............................29 3. Outsourcing vs. Acquiring Internal Expertise ...............................................................31 B. Detention Management .......................................................................................................32 1. Normalization ................................................................................................................32 2. Building a Culture of Safety ..........................................................................................35 C. Accountability .....................................................................................................................38 1. Roles and Responsibilities of Government Actors ........................................................38 2. Roles and Responsibilities of Public and Private Sector Contractors ...........................38 3. Transparency: Government’s Core Commitment to Good Governance .......................39 3. Access to Counsel ...............................................................................................................41 A. Overarching Recommendations ..........................................................................................42 B. Meeting and Communicating with Counsel .......................................................................46 1. Meeting with Counsel ...................................................................................................48 2. Care of Children During Attorney-Client Meetings ......................................................49 3. Location of Attorney-Client Meetings ..........................................................................49 4. Ensuring Attorney Teams Can Function in their Role as Counsel ................................49 C. Counsel’s Role in Decisions Critical to Detainees’ Safety and Right to Due Process .......50 D. Counsel’s Role in Decisions to Separate Children from Parents ........................................51 E. Meaningful Access to a Law Library..................................................................................53 F. Access to Information Specific to Crime and Trauma Victims ..........................................55 4. Education Services and Programs ...................................................................................58 A. Early Childhood Education .................................................................................................60 1. Access to Child Care .....................................................................................................60 2. Child Care and Pre-Kindergarten Programming ...........................................................60 3. Program Quality ............................................................................................................61 4. Pre-Kindergarten Preparation and School Readiness ....................................................62 5. Early Childhood Development ......................................................................................63 B. K-12 School Location and Schedule...................................................................................63 C. K-12 Curriculum and Instruction ........................................................................................64 1. Qualified Staff ...............................................................................................................65 2. Curriculum .....................................................................................................................65 3. Instruction ......................................................................................................................66 4. English Language Instruction ........................................................................................67 D. Assessing and Communicating K-12 Student Progress ......................................................68 1. Grade-Level Placements ................................................................................................69 2. Feedback to Students and Parents about Progress .........................................................69 E. Special Education Services .................................................................................................69 1. Eligibility .......................................................................................................................70 2. Provision of Services .....................................................................................................71 F. K-12 Student Orientation to Transition to U.S. Schools ....................................................72 G. Trauma-Informed Education Practices ...............................................................................73 1. Social-Emotional Learning ............................................................................................73 2. Classroom Management Practices .................................................................................74 3. Trauma-Informed Practices ...........................................................................................74 H. Educator Professional Development ...................................................................................75 1. Instruction ......................................................................................................................75 2. Performance Evaluation ................................................................................................76 3. Trauma ...........................................................................................................................76 4. Prevention and Reporting ..............................................................................................77 I. K-12 School Performance ...................................................................................................77 J. Education Records ..............................................................................................................78 K. Parent Education .................................................................................................................79 1. Information about K-12 Schooling ................................................................................79 2. Orientation to Transition Children to U.S. Schools ......................................................79 3. Parenting Support ..........................................................................................................80 4. English Language Instruction ........................................................................................80 5. Newcomer Education ....................................................................................................81 5. Language Access ................................................................................................................82 A. Non-Spanish Speakers: Overarching Recommendation .....................................................84 B. Disability Access ................................................................................................................85 C. Identification .......................................................................................................................87 D. Orientation ..........................................................................................................................90 E. General Provision of Language Access Services................................................................93 F. Access to Fair Immigration Procedures: Law Library ........................................................96 G. Access to Fair Immigration Procedures: Credible and Reasonable Fear Processes ...........98 1. Conversation with Potential or Retained Immigration Lawyers ...................................99 2. Asylum Orientations ......................................................................................................99 3. Asylum Officer Interviews ............................................................................................99